Sibhekisela kuleyo mithombo ye Amanye amandla ezibizwa nangokuthi imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo. Kodwa amandla ahlukile kunani? Ngokuqondene nogesi, zizoba ngenye indlela esikhundleni sezinto ezingcolisa izikhali zenuzi noma lezo ezidla izibaso ezimbiwa phansi futhi zikhiphe amagesi angcolisayo. Lolu hlobo lwamandla luletha izinselele namathuba. Bayithuba lekusasa loMhlaba.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele ukuthi iyiphi enye amandla, izici zayo, izinhlobo nokubaluleka kwayo.
Ayini amandla ahlukile
amandla ahlukile Kungumqondo osubonakala ubalulekile emphakathini wethu. Kubhekiselwa kuleyo mithombo yamandla ehlukile kweyakudala, njengamafutha, igesi yemvelo namalahle. Ngokungafani nale mithombo evamile, amandla ahlukile anobungani bemvelo futhi abhekwa njengokusimeme kakhulu esikhathini eside.
Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zamandla ahlukile amandla elanga. Lokhu kuvela emisebeni yelanga futhi kungabanjwa ama-solar panel, aguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi. Amandla elanga ahlanzekile, avuselelekayo futhi maningi, okwenza kube yindlela ekhangayo kakhulu yokukhiqiza ugesi ezindlini nezakhiwo.
Olunye uhlobo lwamandla ahlukile amandla omoya, atholakala ngomoya. Ama-turbines omoya, noma ama-windmill, aguqula amandla e-kinetic omoya abe amandla kagesi. Amandla omoya nawo angumthombo ovuselelekayo futhi awakhiqizi igesi engcolisayo, okwenza kube inketho ethembisayo yokukhiqiza ugesi ngezinga elikhulu.
I-Hydropower ingenye indlela esetshenziswa kabanzi yamandla ahlukile. Lokhu kukhiqizwa ngokuhamba kwamanzi, ukusebenzisa amandla emifula noma amandla amagagasi namagagasi. Izitshalo zamandla kagesi zingakwazi ukukhiqiza amanani amakhulu kagesi ngokungaguquki nangokuthembekile, ngaphandle kokukhipha amagesi abamba ukushisa.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zindlela ezidumile, kuneminye imithombo yamandla esakhiwayo, njengamandla e-geothermal, adonsa ukushisa okuvela ngaphakathi eMhlabeni, namandla e-biomass, asebenzisa izinto eziphilayo, njengezinsalela zezolimo noma zamahlathi, ukukhiqiza ukushisa noma ugesi. Ukuze uthole ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe okwengeziwe nge-biomass, ungafunda okwengeziwe kulesi sihloko i-biomass.
Ukwamukelwa kwala mandla kubalulekile ukuze sinciphise ukuthembela kwethu emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi sinciphise imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Le mithombo yamandla ihlanzekile futhi ivuseleleka, okusho ukuthi ayipheli futhi ayifaki isandla ekufudumaleni komhlaba. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwamanye amandla kungakhuthaza ukuvulwa kwamathuba emisebenzi emkhakheni wezamandla avuselelekayo futhi kukhuthaze ukuzimela kwamandla emazweni.
Izinzuzo zamandla ahlukile
Kunezinzuzo eziningi zalolu hlobo lwamandla, ngaphezu kwakho konke, inhlalakahle yeplanethi nokongiwa kwemithombo yemvelo. Lezi ezinye zazo:
- Abakudingi ukuxhashazwa kwemithombo yamanzi emikhulu ukuze bayisebenzise.
- Akhiqiza cishe iqanda elingekho lesisi esibamba ukushisa, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezinto ezingcolisayo.
- Abakhiqizi imfucuza okunzima ukuyisusa.
- Azipheli, ngoba zivela emithonjeni efana nelanga, imvula, umoya...
- Ziyonga kakhulu zisisiza ukwehlisa isikweletu sikagesi, igesi noma amanzi.
- Ziphephe kakhudlwana empilweni yethu.
- Bakhuthaza ukuzidla.
- Amanye amandla adala imisebenzi ephindwe kahlanu kunamandla ajwayelekile.
nebubi
Nakuba izinzuzo zilula futhi zisebenza kakhulu, kufanele ucabangele izici ezithile eziyisisekelo ezibhekwa njengezibi. Enye yezinto eziyinhloko ukuncika kwayo ezimweni zemvelo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukutholakala kwamandla kungahluka futhi kungabonakali kangako kunemithombo yamandla evamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezifundeni lapho izimo zemvelo zingafaneleki, le mithombo yamandla ingase ingasebenzi kahle noma ingakwazi ukusetshenziswa.
Okunye okubi yisidingo sokutshala imali kwingqalasizinda ethile kanye nobuchwepheshe ukuze kusetshenziswe amanye amandla. Isibonelo, ukufaka amaphaneli elanga noma izinjini zomoya kungase kudinge ukutshalwa kwezimali okubalulekile kokuqala. Lokhu kungaba isithiyo ekutholweni kwayo ngobuningi, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka anemithombo yezimali elinganiselwe, okuhlobene nendatshana ekhuluma ngo Izindlu ezilungele imvelo eNdiya.
Futhi, ezinye izinhlobo zamandla ahlukile zingaba nomthelela omubi kwezemvelo. Isibonelo, ukwakhiwa kwamapulazi amakhulu omoya noma izitshalo eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi kungathinta imvelo yendawo, kuguqule izindawo zemvelo kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi. Ukwenziwa nokulahlwa kwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe kungadala ukungcola nokungcoliswa.
Futhi Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukunqamuka kwemithombo ethile. Lokhu kungase kudinge ukusetshenziswa kwamasistimu okugcina amandla noma ukwengezwa neminye imithombo yamandla ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala okuhlala njalo nokuthembekile. Nakuba amandla ahlukile eba ngokuncintisana kakhulu ngokwezindleko, kwezinye izimo asengaba eqolo kunemithombo yamandla evamile. Izintengo zezinye izindlela zobuchwepheshe bamandla zehle kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ziqhubeke nokwehla njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka futhi kufinyelelwa nezinga elikhulu lokukhiqiza.
i-biomass kanye ne-biogas
I-Biogas ingumthombo wamandla ovuselelekayo otholakala ngokuwohloka kwezinto eziphilayo ngama-microorganisms. Umphumela uba igesi yamafutha esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ugesi ohlanzekile.
I-Biomass energy ingumthombo wamandla ohlukile ohlanganisa ukushiswa kwemfucuza yezilwane nemifino, okuhlanganisa yonke imikhiqizo ebolayo efana sawdust, amagxolo, nanoma yini engaqukethwe esitsheni sezinto eziphilayo.
Lolu hlobo lwamandla lungakhiqizwa ezitshalweni ezinkulu zamandla ashisayo, kodwa futhi ezingeni elizimele ngendlela yama-boilers e-pellet, isibonelo. Umehluko wukuthi, Ngenxa yalolu daba oluphilayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle, okungewona umthombo ovuselelekayo, kuyagwenywa.
Njengoba ubona, ikusasa lamandla lisekelwe kulezi zinhlobo zezinye izindlela ezinempilo nemvelo. Inhloso enkulu yobuchwepheshe ukwenza i-nitpick kakhulu ngobubi esikubalule ngenhla.
