El ulwandle olwandle kungumzimba wamanzi olwandle wesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Iqukethe ubukhulu bezinhlobo zezilwane nezitshalo kuyo. Igeza ogwini lwamazwe amaningi nasemazwekazini amaningana. Indawo yayo ingamakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingama-106.4. Le ndawo ithatha ingxenye yesihlanu yawo wonke umhlaba. Ukubaluleka kwalolu lwandle kuphakeme kakhulu esintwini nakubo bonke abanye abantu abahlala kulo. Ngakho-ke, sizokunikezela le ndatshana kuwe ngokujulile.
Uma ufuna ukwazi konke okuphathelene noLwandlekazi i-Atlantic, lapha sizokuchazela ngokuningiliziwe.
Izici eziyinhloko
Lolu lwandle lunobuso balo obunjengendilinga enwetshiwe eS. Isuka e-Eurasia, e-Afrika iye empumalanga naseMelika iye entshonalanga. Imboza cishe i-17% yabo bonke ubuso bomhlaba. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ulwandle olunosawoti kakhulu emhlabeni. Inezindawo ezishisayo nokuhwamuka okuphezulu ngenxa yamazinga okushisa ajwayelekile aphezulu.
Cishe kuzo zonke izindawo zalo, ukujula okuphakathi cishe kumamitha ayi-3.339. Iphethe umthamo wama-cubic kilometers wamanzi angu-354.700.000. Ngokuvamile, amanzi anosawoti kakhulu atholakala ezindaweni ezingama-degree angu-25 enyakatho naseningizimu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sithola izindawo eziningi ezishisayo lapho amazinga okushisa ephakeme, okubangela izinga eliphezulu lokuhwamuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulezi zindawo lapho amanzi ehwamuka khona ngobuningi, ngokuvamile kuba nemvula encane. Amazinga kasawoti aphansi kakhulu atholakala enyakatho yenkabazwe, njengoba izinga lokuhwamuka liphansi. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nosawoti, ungavakashela isihloko sethu ku I-Arctic Ocean acidification.
Ngokuphathelene nokushisa kwalo, kuyehluka kakhulu kuye ngobubanzi esikubo. Njengenjwayelo, iku-2 degrees, kepha kunezingxenye lapho kungaphezulu futhi kwezinye lapho kuncane. Ezifundeni ezibandayo noma eduze kwabo, izinga lokushisa kwamanzi, ikakhulukazi ebusweni, liphansi, kanti ezindaweni ezishisayo ziphakeme.
Impumuzo nesimo sezulu
Ngesikhathi sika-Agasti noNovemba, Isigaba sesiphepho siqala olwandle i-Atlantic Ocean. Lokhu kubangelwa ukukhuphuka komoya omningi ofudumele otholakala phezulu kanye nokujiya kwawo okwalandela lapho uhlangana nezindimbane zomoya obandayo. Lesi sishingishane sidla amanzi aso size siphukele phansi, lapho siphelelwa amandla. Kancane kancane iba isiphepho sasezindaweni ezishisayo, kuze kube yilapho ekugcineni inyamalala. Ngokuvamile, iziphepho zakha ogwini lwase-Afrika futhi ziya ngasentshonalanga oLwandle lweCaribbean. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nalesi simo, ungabuyekeza i-athikili ku- Isikhathi sesiphepho sase-Atlantic.
Ngendlela enwetshiwe, Lolu lwandle lunendawo yolwandle eyisicaba. Noma kunjalo, inezintaba ezithile zezintaba, izindawo zokudonsela phansi, amathafa kanye nemihosha. Okuchichima kakhulu yizingqimba zalasha lapho ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayeleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezimbi kakhulu zihlala khona. Enye yezintaba zayo ezidume kakhulu yiMid-Atlantic. Isuka enyakatho ye-Iceland iye kuma-degree angama-58 eningizimu latitude. Le ntaba inobubanzi obungamakhilomitha angaba ngu-1.600 XNUMX.
I-Atlantic Ocean ihlukaniswe yizimo zezulu ezincike kakhulu ebangeni esikulo. Izindawo zesimo sezulu esifudumele kakhulu yilezo ezisenyakatho ye-Atlantic enkabazwe. Nakuba izindawo ezibanda kakhulu zisezindaweni eziphakeme lapho ulwandle lumbozwe yiqhwa. Imiphumela yeziphepho zesihlabathi olwandle ingenye isenzakalo esithakazelisayo esingacubungulwa ngokuqhubekayo.
I-Las Imisinga ye-Ocean asoLwandle i-Atlantic asiza ukulawula isimo sezulu somhlaba wonke. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ihambisa amanzi afudumele nabandayo iye kwezinye izindawo ukuze ikwazi ukuwasabalalisa kangcono. Uma kwenzeka leli bhande elihambayo liphuka, isimo sezulu emhlabeni sizoba nomonakalo ocishe ungalungiseki. Kukhulunywa okuningi ngefayela le- i-ice Age.
Izindawo ezizungeze lolu lwandle zithintwa yimimoya ejikelezayo epholayo noma efudumezayo lapho ivunguza kule misinga yasolwandle. Umoya, lapho uhambisa umswakama nomoya oshisayo noma obandayo, isebenza njengomlawuli wokushintshanisa amandla nokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufudumala kolwandle kuyisimo esibucayi okudingeka sisifunde ngokuqhubekayo.
Izimbali nezilwane
Ukuqala ngezilwane, sithola ulwandle olunezilwane zasolwandle ezahlukahlukene impela. Sithola kokubili ama-vertebrate nezinambuzane ezingenamgogodla. Phakathi kwezilwane ezinendawo yokusabalalisa enkulu kunazo zonke kulolu lwandle sinazo:
- AmaWalrus
- Ihlengethwa le-Spinner
- Manatee
- I-stingray enamabala
- I-tuna ebomvu
- Ushaka omkhulu omhlophe
- Ufudu oluhlaza kanye ne-leatherback
- Umkhomo We-Humpback
- Orca noma killer whale
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinezigidi zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo. Iningi lazo lihlala phezulu noma eduze komhlaba, ngoba zidinga ukukhanya kwelanga ukuze zenze i-photosynthesis. Olwandle, kunokuhlukahluka okubaluleke kakhulu okufanele kubhekelwe ukusinda kwezitshalo. Konke kumayelana ne-irradiance. Lokhu kuguquguquka yilokho okulinganisa inani lemisebe yelanga ethinta izitshalo. Ngokujulile, sithola inani elincane lemisebe yelanga ethinta izitshalo. Ngale ndlela, i-photosynthesis ayinakwenzeka futhi izitshalo aziphili. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuthinteka kakhulu ngukuguquguquka kwamanzi. Emanzini anamafu noma ahambayo athwala izinhlayiya zodaka, inani lokukhanya kwelanga elingena lincane, ngakho-ke izitshalo ziyohlupheka kakhulu.
Singathola nenani elikhulu lezitshalo ngemuva. Zingaphila kahle njengoba zintanta ngokukhululeka emanzini. Sinezinhlobo zezinhlanzi zasolwandle, i-phytoplankton noma utshani basolwandle. Le phytoplankton iyisimo sesitshalo esiyisisekelo esisebenza njengokudla kwezigidi zezinhlanzi nezinye izilwane zasolwandle.. Izixhobo zamakhorali nazo zivamile eCaribbean. Lezi zonakaliswe kabi imiphumela yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngale miphumela, sikumema ukuthi ufunde mayelana imiphumela yokupholisa kwe-Atlantic.
Ukubaluleka koLwandle i-Atlantic
Lolu lwandle lubaluleke kakhulu ekubeni yindlela yokuxhumana phakathi kwamazwekazi. Inamadiphozi abalulekile kawoyela negesi yemvelo, amadwala asezintabeni atholakala ku- Amashalofu ezwekazi futhi thola ubukhulu obukhulu bezinsiza zokudoba. Amanye amatshe ayigugu akhishwa kuwo. Ngokuchitheka kukawoyela, kunokukhathazeka ngekusasa kanye nezinga lamanzi. Lesi sici sigqamisa ukubaluleka kokutadisha umthelela womuntu olwandle, njengoba ubona esihlokweni sethu esiphathelene nolwandle. ukufudumala kolwandle.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge-Atlantic Ocean nazo zonke izici zayo.