Un ukuzamazama komhlaba okuphakathi nendawo enyakatho yeChile Ekuseni ngoLwesine ekuseni, ukuzamazama komhlaba kwabangela isexwayiso esivela ezinsizeni eziphuthumayo kanye nezinhlangano ezikhethekile zokuqapha ulwandle. Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe kuqinisekisile ukuthi, naphezu komsebenzi wokuzamazama komhlaba, Akukho songo se-tsunami esaba khona ogwini lwaseChile.
Iziphathimandla zaseChile, eziholwa yi- Insizakalo Yokuhlola Amanzi Nokubuka Ulwandle Yempi Yasolwandle (i-SHOA) kanye neNational Service for Disaster Prevention and Response (Senapred), babuyekeze imingcele yalesi senzakalo futhi baphetha ngokuthi Izici zokuzamazama komhlaba azizange zihlangabezane nezindinganiso ezidingekayo ukudala ushintsho olukhulu ezingeni lolwandle. Ngale ndlela, ukukhishwa kwezixwayiso zokuphuma noma izinguquko esimweni esijwayelekile samagugu kwagwenywa.
Imininingwane yokuzamazama komhlaba enyakatho yeChile
Ngivumelana nawe amarekhodi avela ku-National Seismological Center (CSN) yase-University of ChileUkuzamazama kwenzeke ngesikhathi 06:07 a.m. ngoLwesine, umhla zingama-26 kuNhlolanja. Izinsimbi zenze umcimbi waba ne- ubukhulu 5,0Lokhu kubhekwa njengokuzamazama komhlaba okulinganiselwe kodwa okuvamile endaweni ezamazama kakhulu njengasenyakatho yezwe.
Imininingwane yokuqala evela ku-CSN ikhombisa ukuthi Indawo eyayiqala kuyo yayingamakhilomitha angaba ngu-79 enyakatho yedolobha laseCalama., esifundeni sase-Antofagasta, kanye nesikhungo sokulungisa i-hypocenter e- ukujula okuseduze namakhilomitha angu-124Lokhu kujula okuphezulu kakhulu kuvame ukunciphisa imiphumela eyonakalisayo kakhulu ebusweni, yize kuvumela ukuthi ukuzamazama kuzwakale endaweni ebanzi.
USenapred wengeze lolu lwazi ngokuqaphela ukuthi ukunyakaza nakho kutholakale cishe amakhilomitha angu-63 eningizimu-mpumalanga yeQuillagua, okunye ukubhekisela kwendawo ngaphakathi kwesifunda esifanayo. Lezi zindawo ezimbili zichaza ingxenye yangaphakathi yezwe enyakatho yeChile, kude nezindawo ezinkulu zesifunda ogwini, kodwa ngaphakathi kwendawo lapho umsebenzi wokuzamazama komhlaba uvame khona ngenxa yokuthintana kwamapuleti e-tectonic.
Ngokuphathelene nokubona ukuzamazama komhlaba, imibiko yokuqala eqoqwe yizikhungo eziphuthumayo ikhombisa ukuthi ukunyakaza kwesikhashana okungenamiphumela emibi kakhuluAkukho monakalo owabikwa engqalasizinda ebalulekile, futhi akukho ukuphazamiseka okusabalele kwezinsizakalo eziyisisekelo njengogesi, amanzi okuphuza noma ezokuxhumana.
Izinsizakalo zokuvikela umphakathi zigcine ukuxhumana okuqhubekayo neziphathimandla zendawo enyakatho yezwe, kodwa Akukho ukulimala noma izehlakalo ezibalulekile ezibikiwe okuhlobene ngqo nokuzamazama komhlaba. Impilo yansuku zonke emadolobheni amakhulu esifundeni sase-Antofagasta yaqhubeka njengokujwayelekile ngemva kwalesi sigameko.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-SHOA: ayikho ingozi ye-tsunami
Ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba, I-SHOA isebenze izinqubo zayo zokuhlaziya i-tsunamiLezi zinyathelo zifaka phakathi ukubuyekezwa okusheshayo kwemingcele yezehlakalo zokuzamazama komhlaba (ubukhulu, ukujula, indlela yokuqhuma, kanye nendawo) kanye nokubonwa ngesikhathi sangempela kokuziphatha kweziteshi zokulinganisa amaza ezisatshalaliswe ogwini lwaseChile. izinqubo zokuhlaziya i-tsunami Zibuyekezwa ngentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye namamodeli okuxwayisa kusenesikhathi.
Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa, inhlangano esebenzisana neNavy yamemezela ukuthi "Izici zokuzamazama komhlaba azihlangabezani nezimo ezidingekayo ukuze kudalwe i-tsunami ogwini lwaseChile"Lo myalezo wasakazwa ngokubambisana neSenapred futhi waphindwa ngeziteshi zolwazi ezisemthethweni zomphakathi.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-SHOA kusekelwe ezindinganisweni zobuchwepheshe ezihlanganiswe nokuhlangenwe nakho kweChile emisebenzini yokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nama-tsunami. Phakathi kwezici ezibhekwa njengezibalulekile yilokhu ubukhulu bokuzamazama komhlaba, ukujula kwe-hypocenter, kanye nohlobo lwephutha elihilelekileKulesi simo, inhlanganisela yobukhulu obuphakathi (5,0) kanye nokujula okukhulu kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okufuduka okukhulu kolwandle.
Ngale ndlela, Kwakungadingeki ukukhipha izaziso zokuphuma kwabantu Ezindaweni ezisogwini, azikho izixwayiso ze-tsunami ezikhishwe, futhi amazinga okuxwayisa amisiwe ezifundeni ezahlukene zezwe awashintshwanga. Iziphathimandla zicele ukuthula, zikhumbuza umphakathi ukuthi izimemezelo ezisemthethweni mayelana nama-tsunami angaba khona zihlala zisatshalaliswa ngeziteshi eziqinisekisiwe, njengemibiko esemthethweni ye-Senapred ne-SHOA.
Ngisho noma kungekho songo se-tsunami kulokhu, izinhlangano zobuchwepheshe zigcizelele ukubaluleka kwezakhamuzi gcina izinyathelo eziyisisekelo zokulungiselelaLokhu kusebenza kokubili enyakatho yeChile nakwamanye amazwe asePacific anengozi yokuzamazama komhlaba. Ukuba nohlelo oluphuthumayo lomndeni, ukwazi izindlela zokuphuma, kanye nokukwazi ukubona ukuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla noma okuhlala isikhathi eside njengophawu lwemvelo lwe-tsunami engaba khona kuseyizincomo ezibalulekile.
Ukusabela kukaSenapred kanye nokuqapha okuqhubekayo
El Inkonzo Kazwelonke Yokuvimbela Nokuphendula Izinhlekelele (i-Senapred) Iqoqe ulwazi oluvela ku-CSN kanye ne-SHOA ukuze ibuyekeze uhlelo lwayo lolwazi lukazwelonke. Ngokusho kwenhlangano, ukuzamazama komhlaba kwahlukaniswa njengesehlakalo esilinganiselwe, futhi njengoba kungekho songo lwe-tsunami noma umonakalo obikiwe, Kwakungadingeki ukwandisa izinga lokuphendula ngale kokubhekwa okuvamile.
USenapred ugcizelele ukuthi lolu hlobo lwesigameko luwela ngaphakathi kwe- ukuziphatha okuvamile kokuzamazama komhlaba kwendawo esenyakatho futhi waphinda wathi Izinqubo zokuqapha zisebenza njalo, ukuxhumanisa idatha evela ezikhungweni zesayensi ezahlukene kanye nenethiwekhi yeziteshi zokuzamazama komhlaba ezifakwe ezweni.
Ngaphakathi kohlaka lwalokhu kuhlanganiswa, inhlangano igcizelele ukuthi, kuze kube manje, Akukho mibiko etholakele ngomonakalo kubantu, ezakhiweni, noma ezinsizeni eziyisisekelo Ezifundeni ezithintekile ukuzamazama komhlaba, isimo emigwaqweni, ezikhumulweni zezindiza, nasemachwebeni enyakatho yeChile sahlala sizinzile, futhi akukho ukuvalwa kokuvimbela okubikiwe ngenxa yezingozi ezihlobene nokuzamazama komhlaba.
Ukuxhumana nomphakathi kwakwenziwa kakhulu ngemiyalezo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana kanye nezitatimende ezisemthethweni, kukhunjuzwa wonke umuntu ukuthi Noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuhlolweni kwengozi zizobikwa ngokusheshaKodwa-ke, ulwazi lobuchwepheshe luhlale lufana ekuvimbeleni noma iyiphi ingozi ogwini lolwandle.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, izinhlelo zokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi ezenzakalelayo ziqhubekile nokuhlaziya ukuzamazama komhlaba kwesifunda kanye nomhlaba wonke, into ebaluleke kakhulu emazweni aseYurophu aqapha eduze izehlakalo ePacific Ring of Fire, njengoba kunjalo. Ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu okunqamula olwandle kungaba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside kuma-dynamics okuzamazama komhlaba kanye namamodeli engozi asetshenziswa naseYurophu. Kunoma ubani onentshisekelo ukulandelela umsebenzi wokuzamazama komhlaba Amathuluzi esikhathi sangempela kanye ne-seismogram yomphakathi ayatholakala.
Umongo wokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nemiphumela yamazwe ngamazwe
I-Chile iyingxenye yezwe elaziwayo Pacific Ring of Fireindawo lapho umsebenzi omningi wokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nowentaba-mlilo ugxile khona. Ukuthuthumela okufana nalokho okuqoshwe e-Antofagasta, okunobukhulu obungu-5,0 futhi okwenzeka ekujuleni okukhulu, zivame kakhulu futhi akuvamile ukubangela izimo eziphuthumayo ezifinyelela kude.
Okuhlangenwe nakho okuqoqwe yizikhungo zaseChile ekuphathweni kokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nama-tsunami kulandelwa ngentshisekelo evela eYurophu naseSpain, kusukela Las izindlela zokuqapha kanye nesexwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi Zisebenza njengereferensi yezinhlelo zokuvikela umphakathi kwezinye izimo. Nakuba iqiniso le-geological laseYurophu lihlukile, izenzakalo zomlando ezifana ne- Ukuzamazama komhlaba eLisbon ngo-1755 Zisikhumbuza ukuthi ingozi yama-tsunami e-Atlantic naseMedithera ayikho nhlobo.
Esimweni esithile sokuzamazama komhlaba enyakatho yeChile, ukunaka kwamazwe ngamazwe kugxile isivinini okwaqinisekiswa ngaso ukungabikho kwengozi ye-tsunamiEmazweni aseYurophu anogu lolwandle lwase-Atlantic, njengeSpain, iPortugal, noma iFrance, ukuhlanganiswa kwamazwe ngamazwe kwezixwayiso ngezikhungo zokuqapha zesifunda kuyisici esibalulekile, futhi ulwazi lwaseChile lunikeza idatha ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa amamodeli nezinqubo.
Nakuba lesi senzakalo singazange sibe nomthelela oqondile kwezinye izifunda zasePacific noma ezindaweni zaseYurophu, izazi zokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo zivame ukufaka la marekhodi ku- izizindalwazi zomhlaba wonke okusiza ekuphuculeni izinhlelo zokubikezela kanye nokuqonda ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamapuleti e-tectonic. Ngakho-ke, ukuzamazama okulinganiselwe e-Antofagasta kugcina kunegalelo ngokungaqondile ku- ukuqinisa ukuphepha nokulungiselela kwezinye izingxenye eziningi zomhlaba.
Kubantu baseYurophu abanesifiso solwazi lokuzamazama komhlaba, kuyasiza ukwazi ukuthi Imithombo esemthethweni yaseChile ishicilela le datha ngesikhathi sangempelaLokhu kwenza kube lula ukuqapha umsebenzi kwenye yezindawo ezisebenza kakhulu emhlabeni futhi kuvumela ukuqhathanisa impendulo yezikhungo nezinqubo ezisebenzayo emazweni e-European Union.
Sekukonke, isigameko sase-Antofagasta sishiye umphumela ozolile: ukuthuthumela okubonakalayo kodwa ngaphandle komonakalo ofaneleImpendulo esheshayo evela ezinhlanganweni zobuchwepheshe, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, isiqinisekiso sokuqala sokuthi akukho ngozi ye-tsunami ebikhona ogwini lwaseChile. Lolu hlobo lwesenzo luqinisa ukuzethemba ezinhlelweni zokuqapha, kokubili eChile nakwamanye amazwe aqaphela ngokucophelela indlela usongo lokuzamazama komhlaba oluphathwa ngayo ePacific.
