Ezinsukwini zakamuva, izinhlobo ezahlukene ukuzamazama komhlaba okuphakathi nokukhulu OLwandlekazi iPacific, oLwandlekazi i-Atlantic, kanye neChile Antarctic Territory, izinqubo zokuqapha zaseChile seziqalisiwe, kodwa ngaphandle kokudala usongo lwe-tsunami ezweni. Imibiko esemthethweni iyavuma ukuthi, naphezu kwamandla alezi zinyathelo, akukho okuhlangabezene nezidingo zobuchwepheshe ukudala i-tsunami ezothinta ugu lolwandle lukazwelonke.
Kokubili i-Hydrographic kanye ne-Oceanographic Service ye-Navy (SHOA) kanye ne-National Service for Disaster Prevention and Response (Senapred) kugcizelele ukuthi izwe line- uhlelo lokuxwayisa kwasekuqaleni kanye nokuhlaziywa okuqhubekayo umsebenzi wokuzamazama komhlaba wonke, okuvumela ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwesehlakalo ngasinye, futhi uma kufaneleka, ukukhishwa kwengozi ye-tsunami eChile.
Ukuzamazama komhlaba eTonga: ubukhulu obukhulu, akukho bungozi be-tsunami eChile
Esinye seziqephu ezakha ukunaka okukhulu kwakuyi- ukuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla 7,5 Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwaqoshwa eziqhingini zaseTonga e-Oceania, cishe amakhilomitha angu-141 entshonalanga yedolobha laseNeiafu. Naphezu kobukhulu bako obukhulu, ukuhlaziywa okusemthethweni kwaphetha ngokuthi Akuzange kube usongo lwe-tsunami endaweni yaseChile.
Ngokusho kohlelo lwezixwayiso lwe-SHOA, idatha yokuqala ngalo mnyakazo ikhombisile ukuthi lo mcimbi Yayingaphandle kwendawo yakudala yokudalwa kwe-tsunami ePacific.Ngakho-ke, izimo zazingafaneleki ukudala i-tsunami eyayizofika ogwini lwaseChile.
USenapred ukhiphe iphephandaba elibonisa ukuthi, ngokusho kokuhlolwa kwe-SHOA, "Azikho izimo ezidingekayo zokubangela i-tsunami ogwini lwaseChile" Ukuphendula ukuzamazama komhlaba eTonga, umyalezo, ophindaphindwa eziteshini zawo ezisemthethweni, wagcizelela ukuthi azikho izexwayiso noma imiyalelo yokuphuma kwabantu ekhishwe kubantu.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, i-United States Geological Survey (USGS) ilinganise lo msebenzi wokuzamazama komhlaba e-United States. ubukhulu 7,6ukuyihlanganisa nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi iNorth Mid-Atlantic Ridge, futhi yachaza ukuthi yenzeka cishe Amakhilomitha angu-237 ukujulaNgalezo zindlela, i-ejensi yaseNyakatho Melika nayo yaphawula ukuthi lo mcimbi Akuzange kubangele izexwayiso, ukubhekwa, noma izinsongo kwe-tsunami esifundeni sasePacific.
Komunye umbiko ohlobene neTonga, iziphathimandla zaseChile zihlaziye i- 6,6 ukuzamazama komhlaba itholakala cishe ngamakhilomitha angu-699 enyakatho-mpumalanga yeNukuʻalofa. Umbiko we-SHOA, ocutshungulwe ngokusebenzisa Uhlelo Lwesexwayiso Sikazwelonke Lwe-Tsunami (SNAM)Kuphinde kwanquma ukuthi lokhu kuzamazama Akuzange kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezidingekayo ukudala i-tsunami ezothinta izwe.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-SNAM kanye nendima ye-SHOA
Zonke lezi zenzakalo zibuyekezwa ngesikhathi sangempela yi- Uhlelo Lwesexwayiso Sikazwelonke Lwe-TsunamiI-SHOA isebenzisa le nkundla ukuthola idatha yokuzamazama komhlaba emhlabeni wonke nokukhipha ukuhlolwa kwayo. Ukuzamazama komhlaba okuphawulekayo ngakunye, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenxa yobukhulu noma indawo yako, kuhlolwa ngendlela ecabangela ukujula, indlela yokuqhekeka, ibanga ukusuka ogwini, kanye amandla angempela okususa amanzi amaningi.
Endabeni yokuzamazama komhlaba okuqoshwe eTonga, ochwepheshe bahlole ukuthi, naphezu kobukhulu obungaphezu kuka-7 kwamanye amarekhodi omhlaba, lesi simo asizange sihlangabezane nezindinganiso ze-tsunami efika eChile. Ngokusho kwe-SHOA, umsuka kanye nokulungiselelwa komcimbi Baveze ukuthi amandla akhishwe ngeke abangele i-tsunami eyingozi ezweni.
Ngokufanayo, lapho ukuzamazama komhlaba okungu-6,6 ngobukhulu kwenzeka enyakatho-mpumalanga yeNukuʻalofa, inhlangano yezobuchwepheshe yaseChile yabonisa ukuthi ukunyakaza kwacutshungulwa yi-SNAM nokuthi, ngemva kokubuyekezwa, kwaphethwa ngokuthi Kwakungadingeki ukuthi kusebenze izexwayiso zasogwiniUmyalezo kubantu wawucacile: kwakungekho bungozi be-tsunami obuhambisana nalowo msebenzi wokuzamazama komhlaba.
Ukuxhumana nezikhungo zamazwe ngamazwe, njenge-USGS kanye nezinye izikhungo zokuxwayisa zePacific Basin, kuvumela i-SHOA ukuthi Qhathanisa amapharamitha bese ulungisa amamodeli akho Lokhu kubambisana kubalulekile ekunqumeni ngemizuzu embalwa ukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba kungaba yini usongo lwangempela ogwini lwaseChile.
Iziphathimandla zincoma ukuthi izakhamuzi zifinyelele ulwazi kuphela ngokusebenzisa iziteshi ezisemthethweni, njengewebhusayithi ye-SNAM, amapulatifomu e-Senapred kanye nama-akhawunti ezikhungo aqinisekisiwe ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, ukugwema amahemuhemu kanye nedatha eyiphutha ngezikhathi zokuzwela okuphezulu.
Ukuzamazama komhlaba ogwini lwase-Antarctica yaseChile: azikho izimo ze-tsunami
Esinye isigameko sakamuva esiqashwe ngeso lokhozi senzeke e- Indawo yase-Antarctic yaseChile, eduze neFrei Base. Ebusuku, ukuzamazama komhlaba okubili okulandelanayo kwenzeke, okwaholela ekusebenzeni kwezinqubo zokuqapha ezivamile yizikhungo zobuchwepheshe nezimo eziphuthumayo zaseChile.
Ukuzamazama kokuqala kwenzeke ngesikhathi 21: amahora angu-22, ngobukhulu bokuqala obungu-6,7 okwathi kamuva kwalungiswa kwaba 6,5 yiNational Seismological Center. Indawo eyayiyimbangela yayitholakala cishe Amakhilomitha angu-173 enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Base Frei, enobubanzi obuseduze namakhilomitha ayi-10, idatha esatshalaliswa emibikweni esemthethweni.
Kungakapheli nehora, ngo- 22: amahora angu-15Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwesibili kwaphinde kwanyakazisa isifunda sase-Antarctica. Kulokhu, ubukhulu babuyi- 5,1 futhi indawo kulinganiselwa ukuthi ingamakhilomitha angu-174 enyakatho-mpumalanga yesisekelo esifanayo. Naphezu kokulandelana kwezenzakalo, ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe kubonise ukuthi Kwakungekho bungozi kubantu noma kwingqalasizinda ogwini oluseningizimu yeChile.
Ngemva kokubuyekeza ulwazi, i-SHOA ibike ukuthi "Azikho izimo ezidingekayo zokubangela i-tsunami ogwini lwaseChile" ngenxa yalokhu kuhamba e-Antarctica. Okusho ukuthi, amandla akhishwe kanye nokwakheka kokuzamazama komhlaba kwakungahambisani nokukhiqizwa kwe-tsunami eyayizofika endaweni yezwe.
Amayunithi Okuxwayisa Kwasekuqaleni aseSenapred ezifundeni zase-Aysén, eMagallanes naseBiobÃo abike ukuthi ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwesimo, ngaphandle kwemiphumela ebikiwe ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi noma ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwezinsizakalo eziyisisekelo kulo lonke izwe.
Ukuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla eNyakatho ye-Atlantic nakho akunawo umthelela eChile
Ngaphezu kwezehlakalo ezenzeka eTonga nase-Antarctica, iChile iqaphelisise i- 6,8 ukuzamazama komhlaba kubhaliswe ku- ulwandle olwandle, ibanga elide ukusuka ogwini lwaseNingizimu Melika. Indawo yokubhekisela kwezwe yayitholakala cishe Amakhilomitha angu-1.872 enyakatho-mpumalanga yeBridgetown, eBarbados, endaweni ehlotshaniswa neNorthern Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
I-SHOA ibike ngohlelo lwayo lokuxwayisa ukuthi lo mnyakazo, naphezu kobukhulu bawo, Akuzange kuhlangatshezwane nezimo zokudala i-tsunami okwathinta iChile. Iwebhusayithi yenhlangano igcizelele ukuthi indawo eyayiyimbangela yalo bhubhane yayitholakala ngaphandle kwendawo enkulu yokukhiqizwa kwe-tsunami yoLwandlekazi iPacific, okunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nomthelela ogwini lwaseChile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-USGS ilungise ubukhulu bayo baba 6,7 kanye nokujula kwamakhilomitha ayi-10Uveze ukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba akuzange kubangele noma yisiphi isexwayiso se-tsunami, ukuqapha, noma usongo eCaribbean noma kwezinye izindawo zase-Atlantic. Ngalolu lwazi, iziphathimandla zaseChile zikhawulelwe ekuqapheni kobuchwepheshe, ngaphandle kokuthatha isinyathelo maqondana nabantu.
Lezi zinhlobo zemicimbi ekude, yize zingase zidonse ukunaka ngenxa yobukhulu bazo, ngokuvamile ziba nomthelela omncane kakhulu ogwini lwaseChile uma zitholakala ezindaweni ezithile. zihlukaniswe ezindizeni ezinkulu ezithinta ngqo izweNgakho-ke, imiyalezo esemthethweni igcizelela ukuthi ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe yikho okunquma ukuthi kukhona yini ingozi yangempela noma cha.
Kulokhu, isiphetho sasicacile: Akukho songo se-tsunami eChileNgakho-ke, azikho izixwayiso ezikhishwe ngaphandle kwezitatimende zolwazi eziqondiswe kuziphathimandla kanye nezakhamuzi ezinentshisekelo emisebenzini yokuzamazama komhlaba emhlabeni jikelele.
Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kanye nezincomo zezakhamuzi
Zonke lezi ziqephu zakamuva zibonisa ukuthi iChile ine inethiwekhi yokuqapha ukuzamazama komhlaba kanye ne-tsunami isebenza njaloLolu hlelo luhlanganiswa phakathi kwe-SHOA, i-Senapred, kanye ne-National Seismological Center, ngaphezu kokubambisana nezikhungo zakwamanye amazwe. Ukuzamazama komhlaba ngakunye okuphawulekayo kubuyekezwa kungakapheli imizuzu ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kungaba nomthelela ongakanani ezweni.
Iziphathimandla zigcizelela ukuthi, uma kwenzeka noma yimuphi umsebenzi omkhulu wokuzamazama komhlaba, umphakathi kufanele unake kuphela iziteshi zolwazi ezisemthethweniAmawebhusayithi ezikhungo, izexwayiso zohlelo lokusebenza, kanye nama-akhawunti ezokuxhumana aqinisekisiwe asetshenziswa ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwamahemuhemu angabangela i-alamu engadingekile.
Nakuba ukudalwa kwe-tsunami kwakungavunyelwe ezimweni ezichazwe, izinhlangano ezifana ne-Senapred zisebenzisa lezi zimo ukukhumbuza wonke umuntu ngokubaluleka kokuba izinhlelo eziphuthumayo zomndeni, yazi izindlela zokuphuma kwabantu ezindaweni ezisogwini futhi ukwazi ukubona izimpawu zemvelo ze-tsunami engaba khona, njengokuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla kakhulu noma ukuhlehla okungavamile kolwandle.
Empeleni, umyalezo ophindaphindwayo ukuthi iChile iphila impilo evikelekile umsebenzi omkhulu wokuzamazama komhlaba ngenxa yendawo okuyo ePacific Ring of Fire, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo inezinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zokuhlola ngokushesha ukuthi yiziphi izehlakalo ezingaholela osongweni lwangempela nokuthi yiziphi, njengalezo zakamuva eTonga, e-Atlantic nase-Antarctica, Azibeki ingozi ye-tsunami kubantu.
Njengoba ukuzamazama komhlaba okuningana okubalulekile kuhlaziywe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje futhi konke kukhishwe njengabakhiqizi be-tsunami eChile, izikhungo eziphethe ukuqapha olwandle kanye nokuzamazama komhlaba ziqinisa indima yazo njengesihlungi sobuchwepheshe lapho umphakathi ukhathazekile, zigcizelela ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kobukhulu, indawo, kanye nokujula yikho okunquma ukuthi kukhona yini ingozi ogwini, nokuthi kulezi zikhathi. Izimo zazingalungile neze..