Izibungu zezimpukane zohlobo I-Chaoborus baqhamuke njengomlingisi omangalisayo esiteji se ukufudumala kwezwe, indima okwakucatshangwa ukuthi ilinganiselwe ezilwaneni ezinjengezinkomo nabantu. Lokhu kutholakala, okuthuthukiswe ithimba labacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseGeneva, eSwitzerland, ngokubambisana ne-Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries eBerlin (IGB), kuholele ekuhlolweni kabusha kokuthi izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zifaka isandla kanjani ekukhishweni kwesisi esingcolisa umoya.
Lezi zibungu zihlala emachibini nasemachibini, lapho zidla khona kakhulu izibungu zomiyane njengoba bekhula ukuze bafinyelele isimo sabo sabantu abadala. Ngemva kokuqeda umjikelezo wazo, ziyaphuma emanzini ukuze zizalane, futhi kamuva ziyafa, ngoba azikudli ukudla noma zenza kanjalo kuphela. umpe. Ngokocwaningo olushicilelwe ku Isayensi iyabika, kukhonjisiwe ukuthi Izibungu ze-Chaoborus fly zisebenzisa igesi ye-methane ezitholakala ezinhlakeni ukuze zigcwalise ama-gas vesicles, okuqhubeka kube nzima isimo sezulu esivele sikhathaza.
Emini, izibungu zicasha endaweni engaphansi kwechibi ukuze zizivikele ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Nokho, lapho kuhwalala, zigcwalisa esinyeni sazo ngomoya ukuze zikhuphukele phezulu zifune ukudla. Le nqubo ibonakala ilula, kodwa ekujuleni okuthile, i umfutho wamanzi ivimbela la ma-vesicle ukuthi angavutheli ngomoya. Ngenxa yalokho, izibungu zikhetha ukumunca i-methane egcinwe endaweni engaphansi, ziyisebenzise "njengentanta" ukuze kube lula ukukhuphuka kwazo. Lokhu kuhambisana nendlela ukushisa kuthinta izilwane endaweni yayo yemvelo.
Le nqubo ayibavumeli kuphela yonga kuze kufike ku-80% wamandla ababezochitha ekubhukudeni, kodwa futhi kunemiphumela ebalulekile yemvelo. Ngokusebenzisa i-methane ukuze ziziqhubekisele phambili, izibungu ziyayincibilikisa emanzini, okwandisa amathuba okuba le gesi ifinyelele emkhathini, ngaleyo ndlela kube nomthelela ukufudumala kwezwe. Ngalo mqondo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi kanjani Isimo sezulu singaba nomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla.
Ngokocwaningo, amanzi ahlanzekile kuthiwa abangelwa Ama-20% okukhishwa kwe-methane ezingeni lomhlaba. Leli yiqiniso elishaqisayo, uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi i-methane iyigesi edonsayo 28 izikhathi ezishisayo kune-carbon dioxide. Emachibini, i ukuminyana kwezibungu ze-Chaoborus Ihluka phakathi kwabantu abayizi-2.000 kanye ne-130.000 ngemitha-skwele ngayinye, kuye ngekhwalithi yamanzi, ngokuba kuningi emanzini asezingeni eliphansi anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezakhi. Lesi simo singabuye sihlobane ukwanda komiyane ezindaweni ezifudumele.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukwanda kwalezi zibungu futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukukhishwa kwe-methane, ososayensi basikisela ukulawulwa okuqinile kwamanzi echibini kanye nemithombo ebangela lesi simo. Ngale ndlela, ukukhishwa kwe-methane kungancishiswa futhi impilo yemvelo yechibi ibe ngcono. Lolu cwaningo lugqamisa ukuthi, nakuba kuthakazelisa, ukuba khona kwalezi zibungu kuyizindaba ezimbi empilweni yemvelo. Lokhu kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokufanele ukuphathwa kwemvelo evumelana nezimo zemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uchwepheshe uDaniel McGinnis, omunye wababhali bocwaningo, ugcizelela isidingo soku ngcono izinga lamanzi. Ukucocwa kahle kwamanzi angcolile kanye nokulawulwa kwezolimo kubalulekile ekubuyiseleni isimo, ngoba lezi zibungu azigcini nje ngokuthinta i-methane kodwa futhi zithwala ukungcola kuyize phezulu kuyizinhlayiya zenhlabathi.
- I-Las Izibungu ze-Chaoborus ukufaka isandla kakhulu ekukhiqizweni i-methane.
- Le nqubo yenzeka ngokumuncwa kwe-methane kusuka ezinhlakeni ukuze intante.
- El i-methane inomphumela obamba ukushisa izikhathi ezingama-28 kunalokho isikhutha.
- Impilo ye-ecosystem yechibi incike ekutheni a ukulawula okwanele izinga lamanzi.
Izibungu ze-Chaoborus fly zidlala indima ebingalindelekile ekufudumaleni komhlaba, ezigqamisa ukubaluleka kwe ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele kwezemvelo futhi esimeme ukuvikela imvelo yethu yasemanzini kanye nokunciphisa umthelela wesimo sezulu. Lesi simo sigqamisa indlela imvelo yasemanzini okufanele ifundwe ngayo ukuze iqonde imiphumela ezilwaneni nasezimila zaseYurophu.
Kubalulekile ukuthi bobabili abacwaningi kanye nabenzi benqubomgomo yezemvelo bagxile kulokhu okutholakele okusha ukuze bakhe amasu angagcini nje ngokubhekana nenkinga yesimo sezulu kodwa futhi akhuthaze i-ecosystem elinganiselayo yamanzi ahlanzekile.
