Uma kukhulunywa ngezinkanyezi esibhakabhakeni, zihlala zibiza amagama Ibhere elikhulu. Yinkanyezi ebaluleke kunazo zonke esibhakabhakeni esisenyakatho futhi ingeyesithathu ngobukhulu ngobukhulu. Isifunda sase-Arctic sinale nkanyezi njengesibonakaliso sayo, ngoba itholakala ngaphezu kwayo. Kujwayelekile kakhulu ukubona iBig Dipper eduze kwe- I-Aurora borealis. Ngokubambisana bakha esinye sezibuko ezinhle kakhulu esibhakabhakeni.
Kulesi sihloko sizobiza zonke izici zalo mlaza futhi sinikeze ulwazi olubalulekile ngakho. Uyafuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalo mlaza obalulekile? Qhubeka ufunda futhi uzoyifunda
Umlando we-Big Dipper
Kuyinkanyezi eyingxenye yomunye wamaqoqo ezinkanyezi angamashumi amane nesishiyagalombili akhonjwa yisazi sezinkanyezi uPtolemy. Sihamba ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX AD lapho le nkanyezi yayibiza ngokuthi i-Arktos Megale. NgesiLatini igama elithi "ursus" lisho ukuthwala ngenkathi ngesiGreki lithi "arktos". Yingakho igama elithi Arctic.
Ngenxa yeBig Dipper, indawo esenyakatho yoMhlaba lapho i-Arctic itholakala khona ichazwe ngokuphelele. Bonke abantu abahlangana kuma-latitude we-90 ° no -30 ° ungayibuka. I-Ursa Major yinkanyezi esiyibonayo ezungeze inkanyezi yase-polar njengomphumela wokujikeleza kweplanethi ebusuku ngaphandle kokucasha emkhathizwe. Ngakho-ke, kwaziwa njenge-circumpolar. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungabonakala unyaka wonke enyakatho yezwe.
Isikhathi sokubuka
Akuzona zonke izinkanyezi ezinezikhathi zazo ezinhle zokuzibona. Kulokhu, isikhathi esihle kakhulu sisentwasahlobo. Izinkanyezi ezakha le nkanyezi yilezi phakathi kweminyaka engama-60 neyi-110 yeminyaka yokukhanya. Izinkanyezi ezine eziyibumbayo nguMerak, Dubhe, Fekda neMegrez.
Umsila we-constellation wakhiwa izinkanyezi ezintathu ezisukela e-Alioth kuya e-Alcor naseMizar. Ababili bokugcina banesici sokuthi abekho kabili. Ngamunye wabo yiminyaka emithathu ekhanyayo kusuka komunye nomunye. Owokugcina owenza ulayini waziwa njenge-Alcaid.
Izinkanyezi ezikhanya kakhulu enkanyezini
Umlaza i-Ursa Major unezinkanyezi ezimbalwa eziqhakazile, ngakho-ke zigqame kakhulu. Phakathi kwabo sine:
- I-Alioth. Kubonakala ngokuba yinkanyezi emfushane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomhlophe. Itholakala cishe ngeminyaka eyi-81 yokukhanya ngobukhulu obuphakathi kuka-1,75 no-4 ubukhulu kuneLanga. Iphinde ikhanye ngokuphindwe ka-127. Kuphela, ngokuba kude kakhulu sikubona kukuncane.
- I-Phecda kuyinto yesibili emhlophe eyi-84 yeminyaka elula. Kucwebezela ngobukhulu obungu-2,43 futhi licwebezela izikhathi ezingama-71 kuneLanga.
- UMegrez Kuyinkanyezi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomhlophe cishe iminyaka engama-58,4 yokukhanya futhi ikhulu kakhulu ngama-63% kuneLanga futhi iphindwe izikhathi eziyi-14.
- I-Alkaid Ihlukaniswe nezinye izinkanyezi ngokuba ukulandelana okuyinhloko kokumhlophe nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Itholakala eminyakeni eyikhulu yokukhanya kusuka kusimiso sethu sikanozungezilanga ngosayizi ophindwe kayisithupha kuneLanga nezikhathi ezikhanyayo ezingama-100.
- UMizar kanti i-Alcor ingakhonjwa njengezinkanyezi eziphindwe kabili. Ziphakathi kwezinto ezibonakala kakhulu esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku. Zaziwa njengeHhashi noMgibeli futhi zinombala omhlophe. Zitholakala ebangeni leminyaka ekhanyayo engama-80 futhi iMizar ikhanya ngobukhulu be-2,23 ne-Alcor ene-4,01.
- UDubhe iyinkanyezi enkulu ecishe ibe yiminyaka eyi-120 yokukhanya. Kodwa-ke, iyinkanyezi ekhanya ngokuphindwe ka-400 kuneLanga. Kuyindlela kanambambili yezinkanyezi ezizungeza kanye njalo eminyakeni engamashumi amane.
- Ngiyamangala ikhonjwa njengenkanyezi emhlophe futhi ikude ngeminyaka eyi-79 yokukhanya. Inobubanzi obuphindwe kathathu beLanga nobukhulu balo. Kubonakala ngokukhanya izikhathi ezingama-3.
Izinganekwane mayelana nomlaza i-Ursa Major
Le nkanyezi iye yadlula kuwo wonke umlando ngamagama amaningi nezibalo kuye ngendawo lapho yabonwa khona nezinkolelo zezwe ngalinye. Ngokwesibonelo, amaRoma ahleka ukuze abone ezinkomeni zakhe. Ama-Arabhu abona ikharavani emkhathizwe. Eminye imiphakathi iyakwazi ukubona izinkanyezi ezintathu ezisebenza njengomsila nokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi lezi yimidlwane elandela unina. Bangaba futhi abazingeli abajaha ibhere.
AmaNdiya ase-Iroquois aseCanada kanye neMicmacs yaseNova Scotia ahumusha ibhere njengokuzingelwa ngamaqhawe ayisikhombisa. Ngokwezinkolelo, lokhu kushushiswa kuqala minyaka yonke entwasahlobo. Iqala lapho ibhere lishiya indawo yalo eCorona Borealis. Lapho kufika ikwindla, ibhere liboshwa abazingeli futhi ngenxa yalokho, liyafa. Amathambo ayo ahlala esibhakabhakeni kuze kube yilapho ibhere elisha liphuma emhumeni walo entwasahlobo elandelayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaShayina asebenzisa izinkanyezi zeBig Dipper njengendlela yokwazi ukuthi kufanele zinikeze nini abantu bazo ukudla. Kwakubakhombisa isikhathi lapho ukudla kwakuntuleka. Le nganekwane yomlaza ithi uCallisto, unondindwa ozinikele emzimbeni nasemphefumulweni kunkulunkulukazi u-Arthemisi, waheha uZeus. Kamuva wamkhohlisa futhi, ngemuva kokubeletha indodana yakhe egama lingu-Arcas, indlovukazi yonkulunkulu, uHera wathukuthela wagana unwabu waphendula uCallisto waba yibhere.
Eminyakeni ethile kamuva, lapho u-Arcas eyozingela, wayesezobulala ibhere engahlosile lapho uZeus engenelela futhi ebeka uCallisto no-Arcas beguqulwe baba ibhere. esibhakabhakeni njengo-Ursa Major no-Ursa Minor, ngokulandelana. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi lezi zinkanyezi ziyisiyingi futhi azikaze zicwilise ngezansi komkhathizwe lapho zibukwa kusuka emaphethelweni asenyakatho.
Ngalolu lwazi olusha uzokwazi ukwazi okwengeziwe ngomlaza we-Ursa Major uma ulibona esibhakabhakeni. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini esibhakabhakeni sethu ukuze sazi okwengeziwe ngomkhathi esiphila kuwo. Okuthile okuvamile njengalo mlaza akukwazanga ukunganakwa
