"Iplanethi" uPluto

Pluto, iplanethi ekhohliwe engasesiyo iplanethi. Kwiphepha lethu le- Uhlelo lomkhathi kwakukhona amaplanethi ayisishiyagalolunye ngaphambili kuze kube yilapho lokho okwakukhona noma kwakungeyona iplanethi kuchazwe kabusha futhi iPluto kwakudingeka iphume ekuhlanganeni kwamaplanethi. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-75 kusigaba seplanethi, ngonyaka we-2006 yathathwa njengePlanethi Yomhlaba. Kodwa-ke, ukubaluleka kwale planethi kukhulu impela, ngoba izidalwa zasezulwini ezidlula emzileni wazo zibizwa ngePlutoid.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izimfihlo nezici ze- iplanethi yemifino pluto. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngayo? Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde kabanzi.

Izici zePluto

Le planethi encane ijikeleza iLanga njalo eminyakeni engama-247,7 futhi ukwenza lokho ngokuhamba ibanga elijwayelekile lamakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-5.900. Isisindo sikaPluto silingana nezikhathi ezingu-0,0021 kunalezo zoMhlaba noma ingxenye yesihlanu yesisindo senyanga yethu. Lokhu kwenza kube kuncane kakhulu ukuthi kungathathwa njengeplanethi.

Kuyiqiniso ukuthi eminyakeni engama-75 bekuyiplanethi yi-International Astronomical Union. Ngo-1930 laqanjwa ngegama likankulunkulu wamaRoma wezwe elingaphansi.

Ngenxa yokutholakala kwaleplanethi, kutholakale izinto ezinkulu zakamuva ezifana neKuiper Belt. Kubhekwa njengeplanethi enkulu kakhulu yemifino nasemuva kwakhe u-Eris. Yakhiwa ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezithile zeqhwa. Sithola iqhwa elenziwe ngemethane efriziwe, elinye lamanzi, elinye ngelidwala.

Ulwazi mayelana ne-Pluto lulinganiselwe kakhulu kusukela ngo-1930 ubuchwepheshe bebungakathuthuki ngokwanele ukuhlinzeka ngokutholwa okukhulu mayelana nomzimba kude noMhlaba. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kwakuwukuphela kweplanethi eyayingakaze ivakashelwe umkhumbi-mkhathi.

NgoJulayi 2015, ngenxa yemishini entsha yasemkhathini eyasuka emhlabeni wethu ngo-2006, yakwazi ukufinyelela iplanethi encane, yathola ulwazi oluningi. Kwathatha unyaka ukuba ulwazi lufinyelele emhlabeni wethu. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalesi sihloko, ungafunda isihloko sethu ku okwenzeka kuPluto.

Imininingwane ngeplanethi emifushane

Ngenxa yokwanda nokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, imiphumela emihle nolwazi olumayelana nePluto luyatholakala. I-orbit yayo ihluke ngokuphelele ngokunikezwa kobudlelwano bayo bokujikeleza nesathelayithi yayo, i-axis yokujikeleza, nokwehluka kwenani lokukhanya okukufinyelela. Zonke lezi zinto eziguqukayo zenza le planethi encane ibe yinto eheha umphakathi wesayensi.

Futhi ukuthi iqhelelene kakhulu neLanga kunayo yonke iplanethi eyenza uhlelo lwelanga. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobunyoninco bomzila, isondele kuneNeptune iminyaka engama-20 yomjikelezo wayo. NgoJanuwari 1979 UPluto weqa umjikelezo weNeptune wahlala eduze neLanga kuze kube ngoMashi 1999. Lo mcimbi ngeke uphinde uphinde ube khona kuze kube nguSepthemba 2226. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iplanethi eyodwa ingena emzileni womunye, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ishayisane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-orbit ingama-degree ayi-17,2 maqondana nendiza ye-ecliptic. Ngenxa yalokhu, indlela ye-orbit isho ukuthi amaplanethi awatholakali.

I-Pluto inezinyanga ezinhlanu. Nakuba incane kuneplanethi yethu encane, inezinyanga ezi-4 ngaphezu kwethu. Inyanga enkulu kunazo zonke ibizwa ngokuthi iCharon futhi icishe ilingane nengxenye yePluto. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe mayelana nezinyanga nezinye izindikimba zasezulwini, ungabheka isihloko sethu esithi izinyanga zamaplanethi esimiso sonozungezilanga.

I-athikili ehlobene:

U-Pluto: ilukuluku namaqiniso obungawazi

Umkhathi nokwakheka

Umkhathi kaPluto ungama-98% nitrogen, methane kanye neminye iminonjana ye-carbon monoxide. La magesi anengcindezi ethile phezu komhlaba. Nokho, icishe ibe buthaka ngokuphindwe ka-100.000 kunengcindezi esemhlabeni olwandle.

I-methane eqinile nayo iyatholakala, ngakho-ke kulinganiselwa ukuthi amazinga okushisa akule planethi encane angaphansi kuka-70 degrees Kelvin. Ngenxa yohlobo olukhethekile lwe-orbit, amazinga okushisa anezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu zokuhlukahluka kuwo wonke. UPluto angaya kwiLanga afike kuma-30 Astronomical Units bese ehamba kuze kube yi-50. Njengoba isuka eLangeni, kuvela umoya omncane emhlabeni oyimvula futhi uwele phezulu.

Ngokungafani namanye amaplanethi afana Saturn y I-Jupiter, IPluto inamadwala kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa namanye amaplanethi. Ngemuva kocwaningo olwenziwe, kuphethwe ukuthi, ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphansi, iningi lamatshe kule planethi yemifino ixubene neqhwa. Ice lemvelaphi ehlukile njengoba sibonile phambilini. Ezinye zixutshwe ne-methane, ezinye ngamanzi, njll.

Lokhu kungabhekwa unikezwe uhlobo lwenhlanganisela yamakhemikhali eyenzeka emazingeni aphansi okushisa kanye nengcindezi ngesikhathi kwakhiwa iplanethi. Abanye ososayensi baye umbono wokuthi uPluto uyisathelayithi elahlekile yeNeptune. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi le planethi encane yaphonswa emzileni ohlukile ngesikhathi kwakhiwa iSolar System. Ngakho-ke, i-Charon yayizokwakhiwa ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwezinto ezilula ngenxa yokushayisana. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe, bheka isihloko sethu ku yimuphi umbala pluto.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Amatshe kaPlutonic

Ukuzungezisa kwePluto

UPluto uthatha izinsuku ezingama-6384 ukuziphendulela, ngoba ikwenza lokho ngendlela evumelanisiwe nomjikelezo wesathelayithi yayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, uPluto noCharon bahlala bebuso obufanayo komunye nomunye. I-eksisi yokujikeleza koMhlaba ingu-23 degrees. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le planetoid ingu-122 degrees. Izingongolo zicishe zisezindizeni zazo ezizungezile.

Lapho litholwa okokuqala, kwabonakala ukukhanya kwesigxobo saso saseningizimu. Njengoba umbono wethu ngePluto wawushintsha, iplanethi yabonakala ishabalala. Namuhla singabona inkabazwe yale planetoid siseMhlabeni.

Phakathi kuka-1985 no-1990, iplanethi yethu yayiqondaniswe nomjikelezo weCharon. Ngakho-ke, ukusitheka kwelanga kwakungabonwa ngosuku ngalunye lukaPluto. Ngenxa yaleli qiniso, ulwazi oluningi mayelana ne-albedo yeplanethi encane lungaqoqwa. Siyakhumbula ukuthi i-albedo yiyona echaza ukubonakaliswa kweplanethi ngemisebe yelanga.