El ukufiphala kwelanga okuphelele kwango-Agasti 12 Sekuvele kube esinye sezenzakalo zezinkanyezi ezilindelwe kakhulu eSpain emashumini eminyaka amuva nje. Futhi ngesizathu esihle: kuzoba ukufiphala kwelanga kokuqala okubonakalayo kusukela eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia eminyakeni engaphezu kwekhulu, kunqamule izwe kusuka entshonalanga kuya empumalanga futhi kushiye indlela yokuphelela ezodabula izifundazwe eziningi futhi iguqule amadolobha amaningana abe yizikhungo zangempela zokunaka kwesayensi, izivakashi kanye nabezindaba.
Ukuphatha, amanyuvesi, kanye nezikhungo zocwaningo bezilokhu zilungisa inhlangano ye Amadivayisi wokuphephaIzinhlelo zokuhamba, imisebenzi yokufinyelela umphakathi, kanye namaphrojekthi abandakanya wonke umuntu ayathuthukiswa ukuze lesi simo sijatshulelwe ngokuphephile futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, sisebenze njengethuba lokusondeza isayensi yezinkanyezi kubo bonke abantu. Kusukela emadolobheni amakhulu kuya emadolobheni amancane asemakhaya, ukufiphala kwelanga kusetshenziswa njengesikhuthazo sokukhuthaza isayensi, ezokuvakasha, kanye nezinhlobo ezintsha zokubamba iqhaza kwezakhamuzi.
Isenzakalo esingavamile sezinkanyezi eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia
Ntambama yangomhla ziyi-12 kuNcwaba 2026, ukufiphala kwelanga kokuqala okuphelele ngo-Agasti 12 Kubonakala kusukela eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia kusukela ngo-1905. INyanga izomboza ngokuphelele idiski yelanga ngaphakathi kwebhande elincane elizowela iSpain lisuka entshonalanga liye empumalanga, lishiye labo abasendaweni yokuphelela ebumnyameni obuphelele cishe imizuzwana embalwa noma ngaphezulu komzuzu, kuye ngokuthi babheke kuphi.
Engxenyeni enkulu yezwe, kuzoba nokwenzeka ukulandela, okungenani, eyodwa ukusitheka kwengxenye okuhlala isikhathi esideLonke lolu daba luzothatha cishe amahora amabili, kusukela ngesikhathi iNyanga iqala ukumboza iLanga kuze kube yilapho iLanga lishona ngaphansi komkhathizwe. Izilinganiso zibeka ukuqala kwesigaba esingaphelele cishe [isikhathi esingekho]. 19: amahora angu-30, kanye nesiqongo sayo yonke indawo ezungeze 20: amahora angu-30 kanye nokuphela kombukiso ngaphambi nje kokushona kwelanga, ngemva kuka-21:15-21:30 ebusuku, kuye ngendawo.
Labo abangaphakathi kwendlela yokuphelela bazokwazi ukubona ukukhanya okungavamile kakhulu, uhlobo oluthile ukucaca okufiphele kokuhwalalaKufana nemizuzu yokugcina yokushona kwelanga, kodwa emini ebanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzokwazi ukwazisa izenzakalo eziphawulekayo zokufiphala kwelanga okuphelele njenge "Amaparele kaBaily"uchungechunge lwamaphuzu akhanyayo azungeze iNyanga emizuzwini yangaphambi nangemva kokuphelela, noma "indandatho yedayimane", lapho iphuzu elilodwa lokukhanya kwelanga lidlula eduze komqhele okunikeza umbono wendandatho enetshe eliyigugu elikhanyayo.
ILeón, indawo yokuhlangana yezakhamuzi ekhethwe yi-ESA
Enye yezindaba ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu ezihlobene nokufiphala kwelanga yisinqumo se- I-European Space Agency (ESA) izokhetha idolobha laseLeón njengoba indawo yokuhlangana yezakhamizi eSpain ukuze babone lesi simo. Lesi sikhundla sihlose ukubeka idolobha laseLeón njenge- inkomba kazwelonke neyamazwe ngamazwe yokusabalalisa isayensi phakathi nezinsuku eziseduze no-Agasti 12.
Umphathi we- Inyuvesi yaseLeón (ULE), uNuria GonzálezUgcizelele ukuthi leli yithuba elivela kanye empilweni yeyunivesithi kanye nedolobha uqobo. I-ESA, i-University of León (ULE), kanye ne-León City Council basebenzisana ndawonye ku- Uhlelo lomsebenzi Kugxilwe emfundweni nasekufinyeleleni umphakathi, ngezinkulumo kanye nama-workshop ahloselwe bonke ababukeli. Imininingwane yalolu hlelo izophothulwa emasontweni azayo, kodwa inhloso ukuthi iLeón ibe ngesinye sezikhungo ezihola phambili zemfundo yokufiphala eYurophu.
IGuadalajara ne-Alcocer: ukuphepha, ezokuvakasha kanye nesibhakabhaka esimnyama
ECastilla-La Mancha, isifundazwe saseGuadalajara silungiselela kahle usuku olukhulu. Enhloko-dolobha, uMkhandlu Wedolobha ubambe umhlangano Ibhodi Yezokuphepha Yendawo ikakhulukazi ukuhlaziya umthelela wokufiphala kwelanga okuphelele nokuxhumanisa zonke izinhlaka ezihilelekile. Umhlangano, oholwa ngokubambisana yi- UMeya u-Ana Guarinos futhi i IPhini lesithunywa sikaHulumeni, uSusana Cabellos, isebenzise ukulungisa imishini ebanzi yokuphepha komasipala kanye nokuxhumanisa kuhlelwe umhla ziyi-12 kuNcwaba.
Abameleli be- Amaphoyisa endawo, Onogada Bomphakathi, Amaphoyisa Kazwelonke, Abacishi Bomlilo, Ukuvikelwa Komphakathi kanye Nethrafikhiphakathi kwezinye izinsizakalo. Umgomo ukulindela ukwanda okulindelekile kwezivakashi, njengoba IGuadalajara izoba ngenye yezindawo lapho ukufiphala kwelanga kungaqondakala khona ngokugcwele., okuyinto ebikezelwayo Kuzoguqula ezokuvakasha zasemakhaya futhi kuzoheha abantu abaningi, okuhlanganisa nalabo abahamba bevela ezindaweni eziseduze ezingaphandle kwendawo yonke.
Umkhandlu usebenza ku- ukuhlonza amaphuzu okubuka athandwayo, ukuhlukaniswa kwemingcele izindawo zokupaka, izinhlelo zokuhamba kanye nokwanda kwabasebenziUmyalezo ucacile: ukulungiselela, ukuhlela, nokuhlanganisa ukuze noma yisiphi isigameko esingase sivele silindelwe futhi siphathwe kahle.
Esifundeni esifanayo, umasipala wase I-Alcocer Inqume ukuthatha isinyathelo esengeziwe futhi yenze ukufiphala kube yisici esibalulekile sephrojekthi yesikhathi eside. UMkhandlu Wedolobha ukhuthaza lo mkhankaso. "Isango Lelanga Lase-Alcocer", kucatshangwa njenge isikhungo sokuqala sokuhumusha iLanga eSpain, ezoba seChurch Gardens, indawo esanda kuvuselelwa esebenza njengendawo yokubuka ebheke osebeni loMfula iGuadiela endleleni eya echibini laseBuendía.
Uhlelo oluklanywe yi-Alcocer luqala ngo-Ephreli ngengqungquthela ye- Rafael BachillerUmqondisi we-National Astronomical Observatory kanye neRoyal Observatory yaseMadrid, kanye nommeleli waseSpain kwi-International Astronomical Union, uzohlanganyela. Ukuzibandakanya kwakhe kuzoletha ulwazi lwezinkanyezi olusezingeni eliphezulu ezindaweni zasemakhaya futhi kuqinise ukuzibophezela kukamasipala ekufinyeleleni ulwazi ngesayensi.
Isikhungo sokuhumusha sesikhathi esizayo sizosebenzisa isici sefa esiyingqayizivele kakhulu: Ingaphambili lesonto ligcina amawashi elanga ayishumi nanye kanye namawashi amakhuluokuzochazwa kusetshenziswa amaphaneli nezinsiza zokuhumusha. Lokhu kuzohambisana ne- Uhlelo lokusebenza lweqiniso olungeziwe kanye nokuqukethwe kwedijithali kuyatholakala ngamakhodi we-QR, eyenzelwe ikakhulukazi amaqembu ezikole kanye nokuvakasha kwezemfundo.
Lo msebenzi uzophela ngomhlaka-12 Agasti, ngo- Ukubuka komphakathi ukufiphala kwelanga kusukela esontweni laseSanta Catalinaendaweni enhle yemvelo. UMkhandlu Wedolobha uhlela ukusabalalisa izibuko ezigunyaziwe ukuze kubhekwe ngokuphepha futhi kulungiswe indawo yokwamukela izakhamuzi kanye nezivakashi. Usuku luzoqedwa nge ikhonsathi yomculo wesintu, ecatshangwa njenge-"solstice concert", ezohlanganisa indawo, isiko kanye nesayensi emcimbini owodwa.
IMadrid: izindlela eziphelele, izindawo zokubuka ezisemthethweni kanye nomkhosi wokusitheka kwelanga
La Umphakathi waseMadrid Kuhlelwa futhi ukuze kusetshenziswe isimo somlando sokufiphala kwelanga. Lesi yisenzakalo esiphawuleka kakhulu ngoba indlela yokuphelela izowela ingxenye esenyakatho yesifundalapho iLanga lizombozwa khona ngokuphelele phakathi 30 no-90 imizuzwanakuyilapho ezinye izindawo zizofiphala kancane.
Ngokuphathelene nesikhathi, izibikezelo zibonisa ukuthi isigaba esiyingxenye sizoqala cishe 19:30, konke kuzofinyelela umvuthwandaba walo oqonde e- 20:32 futhi ukushona kwelanga kuzofika phezu 21:17Nakuba kungewona wonke uMphakathi ozoba ngaphakathi kwendawo yobumnyama obukhulu, izindawo ezikhethiwe sezimisiwe. izindawo eziyishumi nanye njengezindawo zokubuka ezikhethwayolapho ungajabulela khona ukufiphala kwelanga ngenkazimulo yalo yonke.
Omasipala abasohlwini yilaba I-Somosierra —lapho ukufiphala okuphelele kuzofinyelela khona isikhathi sako eside kakhulu, cishe umzuzu owodwa nemizuzwana engama-29—, Buitrago del Lozoya, La Cabrera, El Molar, Meco, San Agustín del Guadalix, Puerto de Navacerrada, Colmenar Viejo, Alcalá de Henares, Tres Cantos y USaint Sebastian wamakhosiKuzo zonke, amalungiselelo ayaqhubeka. uhlelo oluhlukahlukene lwemisebenzi yamasiko nezemfundo, nezindawo zokubuka, izingxoxo, amakhonsathi kanye nokuba khona kochwepheshe.
E-Buitrago del Lozoya, okulandelayo kuvelele: "UMkhosi we-Eclipse", okuzobanjelwa ku- amachibi okubhukuda eRiosequilloUmqondo uwukunikeza usuku lonke ngaphandle, ngemisebenzi yomndeni, imisebenzi yokuzijabulisa kanye izinqola zokudlaukusizakala kokubili ngokukhanga kwemvelo kanye nokukhanga kwesenzakalo sezinkanyezi.
Edolobheni laseMadrid, uMkhandlu Wedolobha unqume ukuvumela indawo yokubuka esemthethweni eValdebebas-Felipe VI Forest Parkesifundeni saseHortaleza. Kuyindawo ebanzi enokukhanya okuncane okungcolile kunesikhungo sedolobha futhi inikeza imibono ecacile yomkhathizwe, okwenza kube indawo efanelekile yokubuka ukusitheka kwelanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifunda sikhuthaza ama-workshop kanye nemisebenzi yokufinyelela isayensi ukulungiselela izethameli ngaphambi komcimbi.
Kuzo zonke izimo, iziphathimandla zigcizelela ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa Izibuko ezikhethekile ze-eclipse eziqinisekiswe yi-EN ISO 12312-2:2015 noma i-ISO 12312-2, hlola ukuthi azonakalanga yini futhi ungalokothi ubheke ngqo eLangeni ngezinsimbi ezingalungiselelwe, njengezibonakude noma ama-telescope angenazo izihlungi ezanele.
Izwe laseBasque: ukusatshalaliswa kwesayensi, izincomo zezokuthutha kanye nokubuka
Ezweni laseBasque, ukufiphala kwelanga komhla ziyi-12 kuNcwaba nakho kubonwa njengesenzakalo esiyingqayizivele. UNgqongqoshe Wezesayensi, Amanyuvesi Nokusungula Izinto Ezintsha, uJuan Ignacio Pérez Iglesias, wethule imigqa eyinhloko yale ndlela uHulumeni waseBasque ayilungiselelayo, kokubili ngokombono wenhlangano kanye nangokombono wokusabalalisa isayensi.
UPérez Iglesias ugcizelele ukuthi kuyinto isenzakalo esingavamile eBasque Country, lapho ukufiphala kwelanga okuphelele kwakungakaze kubonwe khona isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka —owokugcina wenzeka ngo-1919— futhi wagcizelela ukuthi unikeza ithuba lokuhlanganisa imizwa nolwazi lwesayensi. Ngamazwi akhe, “labo ababone ukufiphala kwelanga okuphelele bakhuluma ngesipiliyoni esimangalisayo,” kodwa manje, ngenxa yokuqonda kwethu iSistimu Yelanga, kungabonakala ngokujulile, kushiye izincazelo ezindala zenganekwane.
Emcimbini obubanjelwe eVitoria-Gasteiz, ikhansela liphelezelwe yi- UNaiara Barrado Izagirre, umcwaningi eqenjini lePlanetary Sciences eNyuvesi yaseBasque Country, kanye UVirginia GarciaUBarrado, ovela eqenjini le-Astronomy le-Aranzadi Science Society, uchaze lokhu izimo zokuqondanisa ezidingekayo ukuze kwenzeke ukufiphala okuphelele Wakhumbula indima yomlando yalezi zimo kwezesayensi, njengokuhlola okudumile kuka-Eddington ngo-1919 okwasebenza ukuqinisekisa umbono ka-Einstein wokuhlobana kwezinto.
UVirginia García ugxile ezicini ezisebenzayo zokubuka, egcizelela Ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa izibuko eziqinisekisiwe kanye nokukhethwa kwezindawo ezifanele, okungcono zivulekele entshonalanga-enyakatho-ntshonalanga, “njengalapho ufuna indawo enhle yokubuka ukushona kwelanga.” Ubuye wachaza ukuthi yini engabonakala cishe emahoreni amabili lapho lesi simo sizohlala khona, kusukela ekuqaleni kwesigaba esiyingxenye kuze kube sekupheleni, eduze kokushona kwelanga.
Ngokuphathelene nokubonakala, akuzona zonke izindawo zaseBasque ezizoba sesimweni esifanayo. eningizimu ye-Álava Kuzoba ngenye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokubuka ukufiphala kwelanga okuphelele: ezindaweni ezifana ne- I-LaguardaUbumnyama obuphelele buzohlala cishe umzuzu owodwa nemizuzwana engama-20, ngenkathi kusese Vitoria Yonke inqubo izothatha cishe umzuzu owodwa. I-BizkaiaUkufiphala kwelanga nakho kuzoba okuphelele, kodwa kube isikhathi esifushane—ku- Bilbao Kulinganiselwa cishe kumasekhondi angu-30—, ngenkathi kuse- I-Gipuzkoa Ilanga ngeke limbozwe ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke lesi simo sizoba yingxenye.
Uhulumeni waseBasque wethule uchungechunge lwezinhlelo Izincomo zokujabulela ukufiphala kwelanga ngokuphephileLokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlela uhambo kusenesikhathi ngokulindela ithrafikhi eningi, ukukhetha indawo efanele yokubuka kusenesikhathi, ukuhlola isibikezelo sezulu, kanye, uma kuvela amafu, ukulungiselela ukuthuthela ezindaweni eziseduze ezinesibhakabhaka esicacile.
Uyakhuthazwa futhi ukuthi usebenzise sonke isikhathi salesi simo ukuze wenze ukuqaphela okuncane kanye nokuhlola okulula, njengokuthi qaphela ukubonakala kokufiphala kwelanga ngamashidi noma izitsha ezinezimboboKuyelulekwa ukuqapha okukhethekile kwezingane ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zisebenzisa izibuko zazo zelanga ngendlela efanele futhi azibheki ilanga ngqo ngaphandle kokuvikelwa. Ngesikhathi sokulala ngokuphelele, izibuko zelanga zingasuswa imizuzwana embalwa, kodwa kuphela ezindaweni lapho ilanga lifiphele khona ngokuphelele futhi kulandelwa ngokuqinile imiyalelo yeziphathimandla zesayensi.
Lonke lolu hlelo luhlanganiswa ngoMnyango Wezesayensi, Amanyuvesi Nokusungula Izinto Ezintsha, kanye neminye iminyango efana nezeMpilo Nokuphepha, kanye nemikhandlu yezifundazwe kanye nemikhandlu yedolobha. Ulwazi olusha luyatholakala ku- iwebhusayithi esemthethweni eklipsea.euskadi.euslapho ungathola khona amashejuli, ukubonakala ngendawo, izigaba zokufiphala kwelanga, amathiphu okubuka, izinsiza ze-multimedia, kanye nekhalenda yemisebenzi yezemfundo. Phakathi kwezinhlelo ezihleliwe, umbukiso ojikelezayo uyagqama. "Usuku Lokushona Kwelanga Okubili", ezohamba emadolobheni ahlukene aseBasque, kusukela eZarautz kuze kuphele eLaguardia, ngenhloso yokusondeza isayensi yokufiphala kwelanga kubo bonke ababukeli.
I-Eclipse yabo bonke: ukufinyeleleka nokufakwa kuphrojekthi ethi "Inclusive Eclipse"
Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi emikhulu yezokuphepha kanye nezokuvakasha, ukufiphala kwelanga kwango-Agasti 12 nakho kuyasiza ekukhuthazeni amaphrojekthi okufinyeleleka nokubandakanyaEnye yezinto ezivelele kakhulu uhlelo "Ukufiphala Okuhlanganisiwe", eqhutshwa yi Isikhungo Sesayensi Yesikhala (ICE-CSIC) ngokusekelwa yi-Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology (FECYT).
Inhloso yalolu hlelo ukuletha lesi simo eduze abantu abangaboni kahle ngokusebenzisa amadivayisi "Umsindo Okhanyayo"Ekuqaleni yasungulwa eHarvard University, lawa madivayisi makhulu kancane kuneselula futhi asekelwe kubuchwepheshe obuvulekile. Ziguqula ubukhali bokukhanya bube umsindoNgaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga okuvamile zikhiqiza ithoni ephezulu efana nombhobho futhi, njengoba iNyanga imboza iLanga, umsindo wehlela kurejista ephansi ye-clarinet uze unyamalale esigabeni sokuphelela, uphinda ukukhiqiza ukuvela kokufiphala kwelanga ngendlela yokuzwa.
I-ICE-CSIC ihlela ukukhiqiza cishe Amadivayisi e-LightSound ayi-100 emhlanganweni wokusebenzela oholwa ngokuzithandela ozobanjelwa eBarcelona. Le mishini izobolekwa mahhala—ngenkathi kusekhona—kulabo abahlela imicimbi yokubuka i-eclipse ehlanganisa konke, kokubili emisebenzini evamile kanye nasezifundweni ezithile zabantu abakhubazekile ngokubona, ngokubambisana ne Isikhungo Sezinsiza Zemfundo Sake SaseBarcelonaAbahleli kumele bakhokhele izindleko zokuthumela futhi bagcwalise ifomu elinolwazi mayelana nomsebenzi ngaphambi komhlaka-31 Meyi.
Lawa madivayisi asevele esetshenziswe ngempumelelo kwezinye izikhathi zokufiphala kwelanga e- I-United States (2017 no-2024), iChile ne-Argentina (2019-2020)okuvumela abafundi abaningi kanye nabantu abadala abanenkinga yokubona ukuthi bazizwe beyingxenye yesenzakalo esivame ukubonwa njengento ebonakalayo. Le phrojekthi igcizelela ukuthi isigaba sokugcina, esigcwele imizwa ehlangene, kufanele futhi sibe yi- isikhathi sokufakwa lapho wonke umuntu angabelana khona ngolwazi ngeziteshi ezahlukene zezinzwa.
Ngokusatshalaliswa kwe-LightSound kanye nokudalwa kwe- "imephu yomsindo" yokufiphala kwelangaI-ICE-CSIC ihlose ukuthi umthelela walesi simo uzodlula indaba emfushane futhi ushiye uphawu oluhlala njalo ngesimo sezindlela ezintsha zokusatshalaliswa kwesayensi okufinyelelekayo kwemicimbi yezinkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo.
Ngalo lonke lolu hambo—kusukela ekuqokweni kwe-ESA kukaLeón njengomhlangano wezakhamuzi kuya ezinhlelweni zokuphepha eGuadalajara, ukubonwa okuhleliwe eMadrid, uhlelo olujulile lokufinyelela umphakathi eBasque Country, iphrojekthi enkulu yasemakhaya e-Alcocer, kanye nezinhlelo ezibandakanya zonke ze-ICE-CSIC—ukufiphala kwelanga okuphelele kwango-Agasti 12 kuyakheka. okungaphezu nje kombukwane olula wasezulwiniKuzoba umcimbi ohlanganisa isayensi, imfundo, ezokuvakasha, ifa, ukuphepha kanye nokubandakanywa, futhi kuzovumela ingxenye enkulu yomphakathi ukuthi ibuke isibhakabhaka, kulokhu ngezibuko ezivunyiwe, kodwa futhi nesifiso esisha sokuqonda kangcono indawo yonke esizungezile.
