Imiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu ngezinga elikhulu kwesinye isikhathi ingalindeleka, ngoba asazi kumillimitha bonke ubudlelwano nokuxhumana okukhona phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Okuqinisekisiwe ocwaningweni olwenziwe yi-University of Córdoba (UCO) ngokubambisana ne-University of Wageningen, eNetherlands, ukuthi ihlathi laseMedithera lizoncishiswa kancane kancane lize lize likhucululwe eminyakeni engaba yikhulu ngenxa yemiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
I-UCO ibike esitatimendeni ukuthi ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kuyindaba esematheni kakhulu ezingqungqutheleni nasemicimbini esezingeni lomhlaba jikelele okuyingxenye yemizamo yomphakathi wesayensi ocwaninga ukuthi yini okusengcupheni nokuthi yini elindele umhlaba.
Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu eMedithera
Imizamo yokunqanda ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu ayiqine ngokwanele ukuvimbela amazinga okushisa omhlaba ekufudumaleni ngama-degree amabili kuya kwamathathu amaCelsius eminyakeni engaba yikhulu, okuholele emvuleni omncane.
Lo mbuzo ophazamisayo uholele iqembu locwaningo le-UCO ukuthi lifunde ukuthi izitshalo zisabela kanjani emazingeni okushisa anyukile. Ucwaningo luphenye izitshalo zisabela kanjani esomisweni nokuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimila nezilwane ezihlobene nazo zilulama kanjani ekulimaleni. Ukuze uqonde kangcono lesi simo, kubalulekile ukwazi izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-ecosystem, njenge izinhlobo zamahlathi eSpain ezibuye zithonywe ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kanye nendlela Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuthinta amaconifers endaweni efanayo.
I-cork oak ingenye yezinhlobo ezizothinteka kakhulu ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Iqembu labacwaningi be-UCO ligxile ehlathini laseMedithera, njengoba kulapho kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezinkulu kakhulu eSpain. Ucwaningo luqinisekisa ukuthi ihlathi laseMedithera lizohlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu kune-scrubland ekhona kulezi zindawo zemvelo. Cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu lolu hlobo lwendawo luzoguqulwa futhi luzoba yi-scrubland ikakhulukazi, njengoba izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zendawo njengesihlahla sama-strawberry noma i-cork oak zizoshabalala, okuwukukhathazeka ngokongiwa kwezihlahla. ihlathi elihlala liluhlaza.
Ihlathi laseMedithera lithinteka kakhulu ngokuguquka kwesimo sezulu
Ucwaningo lushicilelwe ephephabhukwini «Biology yezitshalo«. Imininingwane yocwaningo yokuthi izinhlobo zezitshalo zalolu hlobo ziyaqhubeka namazinga okushisa andayo nokuntuleka kwamanzi, kulawula isikhathi abasichitha ku-photosynthesis. Ngesikhathi se-photosynthesis, amaqabunga avula i-stomata yawo ukushintshanisa i-CO2 emvelweni futhi akhiqize i-oxygen. Kodwa-ke, ukuvulwa kwe-stomata kubangela ukuphefumula kwamanzi, ngakho-ke, ukulahleka kwawo. Njengoba ukushisa okuningi kusendaweni, kulahleka amanzi amaningi ngesikhathi se-photosynthesis.
Sikhuluma ngomthetho kanye nokuvinjelwa kwenqubo ebalulekile yezitshalo, evame ukuncishiswa ehlobo nangezikhathi zesomiso ukuze kongiwe amanzi. Entwasahlobo, ukuchayeka kwesitshalo ngaphandle kuphezulu, futhi izinga le-photosynthesis liphezulu kakhulu, kuyilapho ehlobo amanani ehla, futhi ekwindla, nezimvula, isitshalo siyalulama. Ngakho, ngezikhathi zesomiso, izitshalo zinciphisa kakhulu le mbobo ngaphandle. cishe amahora amabili ngosuku futhi bakwenza okokuqala ekuseni. Lesi simo singabonwa ezindaweni eziningi njenge Izintaba zaseMálaga, lapho izinhlobo zezitshalo zibhekana nezinselele ezifanayo, futhi zihlobene nokuqaphela lokho Amahlathi anezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo amelana kakhulu nesomiso..
Ucwaningo luye lwagxila nakwezinye izihlahlana ezithinteka ngenxa yokunyuka kwamazinga okushisa nesomiso. Isibonelo, i-rockrose ihlupheka kakhulu ngezikhathi zesomiso, ize ilahlekelwe nangamaqabunga, noma kunjalo, ngemvula yokuqala yasekwindla, iba ngabokuqala ukuphola. Buhle isihlahlana esinaso ngaphezu kwezihlahla ukuthi zinezimo zazo eziguquguqukayo futhi zingaphila kangcono ezindaweni lapho izici zazo zemvelo zingavumi. IDockrose nayo inamandla amakhulu amakoloni ngemuva komlilo noma isomiso, ngakho-ke, uma izihlahla zincipha ngemuva kwemiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, yi-rockrose ezohamba kancane ikoloni futhi iguqule ihlathi laseMedithera libe yihlathi.
Ama-oki ekhokho asengozini enkulu
Ama-oki kakhokho awanawo amandla okuzivumelanisa nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, isomiso, nezinye izenzakalo ezimbi ezenziwa ama-rock rose, ngakho ukululama kwawo ezenzakalweni ezinjalo kuhamba kancane kakhulu. Uma sengeza kulokhu iqiniso lokuthi kuthatha iminyaka ephakathi kuka-20 no-30 ukukhiqiza imbewu, ukuthi ihlala izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela, nokuthi futhi ikhonza njengokudla kwezilwane eziningi, ngakho zinyamalala ngokushesha, isihlahla se-oki sikakhokho siba yizinhlobo ezisengozini yokongiwa kwaso ekhulwini elizayo. Lokhu kugqamisa isidingo sokuqonda kangcono i-ecosystem kanye nokusebenzelana kwazo nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, okufana nalokho okwenzeka endaweni Izintaba ze-Atlas, lapho nazo zithintwa izici ezifanayo.
Ekuphetheni, lolu cwaningo luqinisekisa ukuthi ihlathi laseMedithera lizohlupheka kakhulu ngemiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu kune-scrubland nokuthi, ngakho-ke, amahlathi azohlehla kancane kancane ukuze enze uhlobo lwezinhlobo zokukhuhla.
