Ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, amadolobha amaningi emhlabeni wonke afinyelela amarekhodi aphezulu okushisa. Kodwa-ke, akhona amadolobha abelokhu enamazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi abhekwa njengashisa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela iliphi idolobha elishisa kakhulu emhlabeni futhi lingakanani irekhodi lokushisa elibe nalo.
Iliphi idolobha elishisa kakhulu emhlabeni
Idolobha elishisa kakhulu emhlabeni, ngokwemibhalo eminingi yesimo sezulu, i-Al-ʿAzīzīyah (noma i-Al-Aziziyah), eliseLibya, eNyakatho Afrika. Leli dolobhana elincane, elitholakala cishe amakhilomitha angu-40 eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeTripoli, yafinyelela izinga lokushisa eliyirekhodi lika-58°C ngo-September 13, 1922., isibalo esasiphethe isihloko sezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu elake laqoshwa eMhlabeni iminyaka eminingi.
Nokho, leli rekhodi laliyimpikiswano. Ngo-2012, ngemva kokubuyekezwa okuphelele kwe-World Meteorological Organization (WMO), irekhodi latholwa njengelingalungile ngenxa yochungechunge lwamaphutha okulinganisa. Ngemva kwalokhu kulungiswa, Irekhodi elisemthethweni laba izinga lokushisa elingu-56.7°C elaqoshwa eFurnace Creek Ranch, eDeath Valley, eCalifornia, ngo-1913.
Naphezu kwalokhu, i-Al-ʿAzīzīyah isengelinye lamadolobha ashisa kakhulu emhlabeni, izinga lokushisa lihlala lingaphezu kuka-48°C ehlobo. Isimo sezulu kulesi sifunda sinzima kakhulu, sinokushisa okukhulu, isibhakabhaka esicwathile kanye nomswakama ophansi, okwenza indawo ezungezile ibe yingcindezi isikhathi esiningi sonyaka.
Isimo sezulu e-Al-ʿAzīzīyah simelela izindawo eziningi eziwugwadule eNyakatho Afrika naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, lapho amazinga okushisa aphakeme, kuhlangene nezimila ezigqagqene nokuntuleka kwamanzi, kwenza ukuphila kwansuku zonke kube inselele njalo. Naphezu kwalezi zimo ezimbi kakhulu, abantu baye bafunda ukuzivumelanisa nale ndawo, ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokuphila kanye nokwakhiwa okunciphisa umthelela wokushisa.
Amarekhodi omlando abaluleke kakhulu amagagasi okushisa
Nakuba i-Al-ʿAzīzīyah namanye amadolobha aseNyakatho Afrika naseMpumalanga Ephakathi aye abhekana namazinga okushisa adlulele, enye yezindawo ezinomlando ophawulekayo wamagagasi okushisa iDeath Valley, eCalifornia, e-United States. Lesi sifunda, ikakhulukazi i-Furnace Creek Ranch, njengamanje siphethe irekhodi elisemthethweni lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu elake laqoshwa eMhlabeni.
I-Death Valley yaziwa ngesimo sayo sezulu esibi kakhulu sasogwadule, nehlobo elishisayo elibeka amanye amarekhodi amakhulu omlando wokushisa. Izinga lokushisa elirekhodiwe elingu-56.7°C, elaqoshwa ngoJulayi 10, 1913, lihlala liyizinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu eliqinisekisiwe emhlabeni wonke.. Leli rekhodi lenzeka phakathi negagasi lokushisa elingakaze libonwe elathinta isifunda, lapho izinga lokushisa lasemini lidlula ku-50°C izinsuku ezimbalwa zilandelana.
Ngokungeziwe kulo mcimbi, i-Death Valley ihlangabezane namanye amagagasi okushisa aphawulekayo:
- Juni 2013: Phakathi nale nyanga, amazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu aqoshwa, amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-54°C eFurnace Creek ngoJuni 30. Lesi senzakalo saqondana nenkathi yekhulunyaka yerekhodi lika-1913, eqokomisa ukungaguquguquki kokushisa okukhulu kule ndawo.
- Julayi 2005: Le nyanga ibishubile ikakhulukazi, amazinga okushisa ansuku zonke abephakathi kuka-49°C no-54°C. Ukushisa kwathatha amasonto ambalwa, okwenza i-Death Valley ibe enye yezindawo eziyingozi kakhulu ukudalulwa ngaphandle kokuvikelwa.
- Agasti 2020: Esinye isenzakalo esiyingqopha-mlando senzeka lapho izinga lokushisa elingu-54.4°C lirekhodwa eFurnace Creek ngo-August 16. Leli rekhodi, nakuba lingedluli irekhodi lango-1913, lingelinye eliphakeme kakhulu ekhulwini lama-XNUMX futhi liqinisa isithunzi se-Death Valley njengesinye sezifunda ezishisa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ukushisa okwedlulele e-Death Valley kuwumphumela wokuma kwayo okuyingqayizivele. Itholakala ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-86 ngaphansi kwezinga lolwandle, futhi sizungezwe izintaba, lesi sigodi sisebenza njengesicupho esingokwemvelo sokushisa. Ukuntuleka komswakama kanye nemisebe enamandla yelanga kunomthelela emazingeni okushisa ahlale ephezulu usuku lonke, kube nenani elincane lasebusuku elingehli kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ukuzwa ukushisa okuqhubekayo.
Amanye amadolobha ashisa kakhulu emhlabeni
Cairo, Egypt
Inhloko-dolobha yaseGibhithe, iCairo, ingelinye lamadolobha amakhulu namadala kunawo wonke e-Afrika nasemhlabeni wama-Arab. Itholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika, osebeni loMfula iNayile, leli dolobha elikhulu elinempilo linezici eziningi ezilenza lihluke.
I-Cairo ibonakala ngesimo sezulu sasogwadule esishisayo. Izinyanga zasehlobo, ezivame ukuqala ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba, zingashisa kakhulu, amazinga okushisa emini avame ukudlula ku-40 ºC. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubusika bumnene futhi bumnandi, amazinga okushisa emini aphakathi kuka-15 no-20 ºC. Imvula ayivamile eCairo futhi isikhathi esiningi isibhakabhaka sicwebile futhi libalele.
Las Vegas, United States
Itholakala ogwadule lwaseMojave, le ndawo inesimo sezulu esiwugwadule. Amazinga okushisa emini ehlobo avame ukudlula ku-40°C, okuholela ekushiseni okukhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubusika buba buthakathaka, kanti izinga lokushisa lasemini liba ngu-15ºC. Njengoba kunezinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-300 zokukhanya kwelanga ngonyaka, idolobha liheha izivakashi ezifuna ukuzwa isimo sezulu esishisayo nesomile.
Bangkok, eThailand
Idolobha linesimo sezulu sezulu esishisayo, esibonakala ngezinkathi ezintathu eziyinhloko: inkathi eshisayo neyomile, inkathi yemvula kanye nenkathi ebandayo. Inkathi eshisayo neyomile, ebonakala ngesimo sezulu esomile namazinga okushisa angadlula ama-35ºC, ngokuvamile aqala ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi. Kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba kufika inkathi yemvula, eletha imvula enamandla neziphepho, nakuba inganikeza amazinga okushisa abandayo. Isikhathi esimnandi kakhulu sokuvakashela iBangkok yinkathi ebandayo, eqala ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari, lapho amazinga okushisa ebanda futhi imvula incane.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nedolobha elishisa kakhulu emhlabeni.