I-Storm Gloria yadonsa ukunaka kwabezindaba ngenxa yemiphumela yayo emangalisayo oLwandle iMedithera. Imibiko igqamise ukubonakala kwamagagasi amakhulu ezifundeni ezifana ne-Valencia kanye ne-Balearic Islands, isho ukuphakama kwamagagasi okungamamitha angu-8,44 kanye "namamitha angu-14,2." Nakuba lezi zibalo ziye zasakazwa kabanzi, kungenzeka ukuthi azimeli ngokunembile iqiniso, njengoba ukulinganisa ngokunembile ubude begagasi kuwumsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi kunalokho okubonakala. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi ukuphakama kwamagagasi kukalwa kanjani.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi ukuphakama kwamagagasi kukalwa kanjani nokuthi akhiwa kanjani.
Akhiwe kanjani amagagasi
Amagagasi akhiqizwa ikakhulukazi isenzo somoya phezu kolwandle. Lapho umoya uvunguza phezu kwamanzi, uhlangana nama-molecule angaphezulu, enze amagagasi anwebekayo futhi akhe amagagasi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukugeleza komoya okuneziyaluyalu kudala ukuhlukahluka kwesivinini somoya, okudala izifunda zokucindezela okuphezulu nokuphansi okuphakamisa noma ukucindezela indawo yamanzi, ngokulandelana. Lokhu kunyakaza kubangela ukwakheka kwamagagasi okuthi uma evuvukele abe nesimo esihlukile se-sinusoidal esinama-crests nama-troughs. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi la magagasi akhiqizwa kanjani, ungabheka isihloko sethu izinhlobo zamagagasi kanye nomsuka wayo.
Indlela yokukala ubude begagasi
Ukulinganisa ubude begagasi kuhilela ukubala ibanga eliqondile phakathi kwe-crest (iphoyinti eliphakeme kakhulu) kanye nomkhombe (iphoyinti eliphansi kakhulu). Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusetshenziswa ama-buoy antanta olwandle futhi aqophe ukugudluka kwawo okuma mpo njengoba amagagasi edlula ngaphansi. Nokho, ukumelwa okubukwayo kwale datha kuyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yobuningi bamagagasi lawo Zivela ezinhlangothini ezahlukene, ziyaxhumana futhi ziyahlangana. Ngezinye izikhathi ungathola ukuthi amagagasi akalwa kanjani kanye nezinsimbi ezisetshenziswa ezisekelweni ezithile, njenge amawebhusayithi angcono kakhulu ukuhlola isibikezelo samagagasi.
Ezweni elikahle, idatha ye-buoy ingakha amajika e-sine ahlanzekile. Nokho, eqinisweni, idatha ibonakala iphazamisekile ngenxa yokugqagqana kwamagagasi amaningi. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukukhomba igagasi elilodwa phakathi kwabaningi abatholiwe. Ngakho-ke, Lapho i-buoy irekhoda ukunyakaza okuphawulekayo okuqondile, akubonisi ngempela ukuba khona kwegagasi elikhulu elilodwa., kodwa inhlanganisela yamagagasi ambalwa amancane.
Uma kubhekwa ubunzima bokuhlonza amagagasi ngamanye asuka kudatha ye-buoy, ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo kusetshenziswa ukuze kutholwe ukumelwa okunembe kakhudlwana kwezimo zasolwandle phakathi nenkathi ethile yesikhathi. Enye yemingcele eyinhloko etholakala kulokhu kuhlaziywa ukuphakama okuphawulekayo (H1/3), okumelela ukuphakama okumaphakathi kwama-33% wamagagasi amakhulu aqoshwe phakathi nenkathi ethile. Le pharamitha ihlinzeka ngesilinganiso sobunzima begagasi, ewusizo kumatilosi nezazi zezulu.
Ukuhunyushwa kobude obubalulekile
Kuyadingeka ukuqonda ukuthi ukuphakama okubalulekile akubhekiseli kumagagasi athile, kodwa kunani elimaphakathi. Isibonelo, uma ubude obubalulekile bungamamitha ayi-10, lokhu kusho ukuthi Amaphesenti angu-33 amagagasi amakhulu afinyelele kulokhu kuphakama. Nakuba amanye amagagasi engase abe phezulu noma ngaphansi, ukuhlaziya kwezibalo kubonisa ukuthi amagagasi amakhulu amaningi ayeseduze nalesi silinganiso. Ukwengeza, nakuba engavamile, amagagasi aphezulu kakhulu kunenani le-H1/3 angenzeka. Ngokuvamile, amagagasi amakhulu kakhulu angaba phakathi kuka-1,3 no-1,9 izikhathi ezinkulu kunobude obubalulekile. Ukuze uthole incazelo eningilizayo yokuthi ukuphakama kwegagasi kukalwa kanjani, ungavakashela futhi isihloko sethu esithi ukuthi i-tsunami iqala kanjani.
I-Demystifying "Record Waves"
Imibiko yakamuva yamagagasi angu-8,44 kanye namamitha angu-14,2 e-Valencia nase-Balearic Islands ikhiqize isithakazelo esikhulu. Nokho, Kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi lezi zibalo azimele ukuphakama kwegagasi elilodwa elikhulu. Eqinisweni, isilinganiso samamitha angu-8,44 e-Valencia sibhekisela kupharamitha yokuphakama ebalulekile, ebonisa irekhodi lesifunda kodwa hhayi ukuphakama kwegagasi ngalinye. Leli nani liphakamisa ukuthi igagasi elingafika kumamitha angu-16 lalingenzeka ngesikhathi sokulinganisa, nakuba lokhu kungenakuqinisekiswa ngokuqiniseka futhi kufanele kuthathwe njengokulinganiselwa kwezibalo.
Ukuthakasela “ngamagagasi okurekhoda” kuvame ukususelwa ekungaqondini kahle mayelana nokuthi ubude begagasi bulinganiswa futhi bubikwa kanjani. Nakuba izibalo ezikhishiwe zingase zibonakale zihlaba umxhwele, Kubalulekile ukuwenza ngokwesimo phakathi kohlaka lokuhlaziywa kwezibalo kanye nobunkimbinkimbi bokulinganisa amagagasi olwandle. Ama-Buoy kanye nokuhlaziywa kokuphakama okubalulekile kusinikeza isithombe esinembe kakhudlwana sezimo zasolwandle, nakuba sinomthamo wokuqapha nokuqonda ukulinganiselwa okungokwemvelo kwalezi zindlela. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi amagagasi akalwa kanjani, ungase futhi uthintane ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani i-tsunami kanye nobudlelwano bayo nesilinganiso samagagasi adlulele.
Izinhlobo zamagagasi
Lezi yizinhlobo zamagagasi ezaziwa kakhulu ezikhona:
- Amagagasi omoya: Amagagasi omoya yiwona avame kakhulu futhi akhiqizwa isenzo esiqondile somoya phezu kwamanzi. Zingahluka ngokuphawulekayo ngobukhulu, kusukela kumagagasi amancane kuya kumagagasi amakhulu. Ubude nobude bala magagasi buncike ejubaneni lomoya, ubude besikhathi sokuvunguza kwawo, kanye nebanga okupheshulwe kulo umoya, elaziwa ngokuthi yi-fetch.
- Amagagasi akhukhula: Amagagasi amagagasi amakhulu enkathi ende akhiqizwa ukukhanga kwamandla adonsela phansi kweLanga neNyanga Emhlabeni. Ngokungafani namagagasi omoya, amagagasi awabangelwa umoya futhi anemijikelezo evamile, ethonya izindawo ezisogwini ngokukhuphuka nokuwa kwazo ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Ukusefa: I-Swell isho amagagasi ahamba ngaphandle kwendawo lapho aphehlwa khona umoya. Lawa maza ngokuvamile anamaza amade futhi ahamba ngamaqembu ahlelekile. Awathintwa kancane umoya wendawo futhi angahamba amabanga amade anqamule ulwandle.
- Amagagasi esiphepho: Amagagasi esiphepho akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sezehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi, njengeziphepho noma iziphepho. Lawa maza avamise ukuba makhudlwana futhi abe nesiphithiphithi kakhulu kunamagagasi omoya avamile ngenxa yemimoya enamandla nezingcindezi zomoya ezinamandla ezihambisana neziphepho.
- Ama-tsunami: Ama-tsunami amagagasi anobude namandla amakhulu akhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko ukuzamazama komhlaba ngaphansi kwamanzi, nakuba kungase kubangelwe ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo, ukudilika kwenhlabathi noma imithelela ye-meteorite. Ngokungafani namagagasi akhiqizwa umoya, ama-tsunami anobude obude kakhulu futhi angahamba ngesivinini esingafika ku-800 km/h emanzini ajulile. Njengoba i-tsunami isondela ogwini, isivinini sayo siyehla futhi ukuphakama kwayo kukhuphuke kakhulu, okungase kubangele amagagasi abhubhisayo.
