Iziqhingi zaseCanary zibhekana nezigameko eziningana zezikhukhula minyaka yonke. isaziso sangaphambili se-calimaLesi simo senzeka lapho uthuli oluphuma ezwekazini lase-Afrika luqala ukunqwabelana phezu kweziqhingi futhi lungathinta kokubili ukubonakala kanye nempilo yabantu. Nakuba kuyinto evamile eziqhingini, ukuqina nobude bayo kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuzungeza komoya.
Kuzo zonke iziqephu zakamuva ezahlukahlukene, Uhulumeni wase-Canary Islands isebenzise futhi yavala isexwayiso sangaphambi komusi ngokubambisana ne-State Meteorological Agency (AEMET) nezinye izinhlangano zesayensi, isebenzisa ngaso sonke isikhathi Uhlelo Olukhethekile Lwezimo Eziphuthumayo Zeziqhingi zaseCanary Lwezingozi Zezimo Zezulu Ezimbi (i-PEFMA)Lolu hlaka luvumela izexwayiso ukuthi zilungiswe ukuze zihambisane nokuvela kwangempela kothuli olumisiwe, izibikezelo zokubonakala, kanye namazinga ekhwalithi yomoya aqoshwe eziteshini zokuqapha.
Ukusebenza kwesaziso sangaphambi kobumnyama e-Archipelago
Ezikhathini eziningana muva nje, i-AEMET isebenzise i- Isexwayiso esiphuzi sothuli olumile Zonke iziqhingi zibhekene nokufika kwemimoya egcwele uthuli lwaseSahara, kanye nezibikezelo zokuncipha kokubonakala kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu ngokungavamile ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka. Lesi simo sivame ukuqala ngokuthinta izindawo ezimaphakathi nendawo eziphezulu, ukuze ifinyelele ezindaweni eziphansi, ikakhulukazi emithambekeni eseningizimu nesempumalanga yeziqhingi.
Kwesinye salezi ziqephu, izibikezelo ezisemthethweni zikhombe ku- Ukubonakala kwehliswe kwaba cishe amamitha angu-3.000 kuzo zonke iziQhingi zaseCanary, okunomthelela omkhulu ezindaweni ezisengozini enkulu yokugeleza komoya ezivela ezwenikazi lase-Afrika. Ngenxa yalesi simo, uMqondisi Jikelele Wezimo Eziphuthumayo umemezele Isexwayiso kusengaphambili mayelana nomswakama kulo lonke i-Archipelago, kanye nezinye izimo zokuxwayisa kusengaphambili noma zokuxwayisa ngenxa yezehlakalo zasogwini kanye nemimoya enamandla.
Ukungena kothuli eSahara kungaqina izinsuku eziningana ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukwehla. Amamodeli okubikezela asetshenziswa yi-AEMET (i-Spanish State Meteorological Agency) kanye nezinsizakalo zezulu zesifunda ngokuvamile abonisa ukuthi isimo sizoqala nini ukuthuthuka, ukuze, ngezinye izikhathi, iziqhingi ezisempumalanga, Lanzarote futhi FuerteventuraBangabokuqala ukubona ukululama okuncane ekuboneni kanye nokuhlushwa okuphansi kwezinhlayiya.
Kwesinye isiqephu, amamodeli avela ku-Ministry for Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge kanye ne-CSIC alinganisela ukufika kwe Izindimbane zomoya zase-Afrika ngobuningi bothuli olungaphezulu olungaba phakathi kuka-5 no-200 µg/m³ eziQhingini zaseCanary. Ngokusekelwe kulolu lwazi, uMnyango Wezinguquko Zemvelo kanye noMnyango Wezimo Eziphuthumayo bavumile ukumemezela isaziso sangaphambili se-calima kuze kube cishe phakathi kwamabili ngosuku oluthintekile, ukulindela ukuwohloka kwekhwalithi yomoya okuyinto kwezinye izindawo engalinganiswa phakathi kokungalungi nokungalungi kakhulu.
Ukuphela kwesexwayiso sangaphambilini: lapho isexwayiso somhwamuko sivaliwe
Izindlela ezifanayo zokuqapha isimo sezulu ezikhuthaza ukusebenza kwesaziso sangaphambi kwesikhathi nazo zivumela ukuqeda lapho izimo ziba ngcono. Uma umswakama ulahlekelwa amandla, ukubonakala kuyabuya, futhi amazinga ezinhlayiya ehla ngaphansi kwemingcele yengozi, uHulumeni waseCanary Islands umemezela ukuyekiswa kwesaziso sangaphambi kokukhanya komoya eMphakathini Ozimele.
Kwesinye seziqephu ezibhalwe phansi, i-General Directorate of Emergency yamemezela ukuphela kwe- Isimo sesexwayiso kusengaphambili ngenxa yomswakama Kusukela ngo-12:00 emini ngeSonto, ngemuva kokuqinisekisa, ngemininingwane yakamuva evela ku-AEMET (i-Spanish State Meteorological Agency) kanye nenethiwekhi yokuqapha ikhwalithi yomoya, ukuthi izimo ezibangele lesi sixwayiso sezinyamalele. Empeleni, isinqumo sasho ukuthi Uthuli oluhamba emoyeni lwase lwehle kakhulu nokuthi umphakathi wawushiya imikhawulo kanye nezincomo ezithile ezixhunywe nesaziso sangaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ngesinye isikhathi, uhulumeni wesifunda wanquma ukuqeda ngasikhathi sinye izimo eziningana zengozi: isexwayiso somoya eziqhingini eziningana futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, isaziso sangaphambili se-calima kulo lonke isiqhingi, kwabonakala intuthuko enkulu emoyeni. Kwaphawulwa ukuthi ukwehla kothuli olulengayo kanye ukubonakala okuthuthukisiwe Zavumela ukubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile, yize ezinye izixwayiso zaqhubeka nokusebenza, njengalezo ezihlobene nesimo esibi solwandle.
Lokhu kungena nokuphuma esigabeni sokuxwayisa kungaphindaphindwa izikhathi eziningana phakathi nesizini efanayo, ikakhulukazi ebusika kanye nezinyanga zokuqala zonyaka, lapho ukungena komoya wezwekazi lase-Afrika kuvame kakhulu. Isihluthulelo sisekuqapheni okuqhubekayo kwe- izimo zangempela phansi kanye nekhono lokulungisa izixwayiso ukuze zivumelane nokuguquka kwesimo, ukugwema kokubili ukwethuka okungadingekile kanye nokubambezeleka ekusebenzeni kwezinyathelo zokuvikela.
Umthelela womhwamuko ekhwalithini yomoya nasempilweni
Umswakama awuthinti nje kuphela ukubonakala; umphumela wawo oyinhloko ukwanda ukuhlushwa kwezinhlayiya emoyeniokungaba nemiphumela ebalulekile empilweni, ikakhulukazi emaqenjini athile. Iziphathimandla zezempilo zaseCanary Islands zixwayisa ngokuthi, phakathi nalezi zigameko, izinto ezincane ezimisiwe zingadlula kalula inani lomkhawulo wokuvikelwa kwempilo kwansuku zonke elingu-50 µg/m³ngisho nokufinyelela amazinga adinga ukuhlelwa kwekhwalithi yomoya njengengalungile noma engathandeki kakhulu.
Umqondisi Jikelele Wezempilo Yomphakathi uchaza ukuthi izinhlayiya ezincane ezihlobene nomswakama zingabangela izimpawu ezithambile njengokucasuka kwekhala nomphimbo, amehlo alumayo, noma ukukhwehlela okomile. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abanezimo zokuphefumula ezikhona kakade, njenge-asthma noma i-bronchitis engapheli, kanye nalabo abanesifo senhliziyo, lokhu kuvezwa kungabangela ukuhlaselwa yi-asthmaUkubola kanye nokuwohloka okukhulu kwesimo sabo sezokwelapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathuba okutheleleka kwezifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu nezingezansi ayanda.
Izinsizakalo zezempilo zithole ukuthi, phakathi nezigameko ezinzima kakhulu zomhwamuko, kanye nezinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuba lesi simo sesiphelile, inani lalabo izimo eziphuthumayo ezilashwa ezikhungweni zezempilo nasezibhedlelaLokhu kwanda kubonakala kokubili kubantu abaningi futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, emaqenjini abhekwa njengasengozini kakhulu, okuqinisekisa ukuphikelela ezindleleni zokuvimbela.
Phakathi kwamaqembu asengozini enkulu kukhona izingane ezincane, asebekhulile, abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye neziguli ezinezifo zokuphefumula ezingamahlalakhona noma zenhliziyo. Labo abasebenza ngaphandle, kanye nababhemayo, nabo babhekwa njengabasengozini kakhulu, njengoba inhlanganisela kagwayi nezinhlayiya eziphuma emoyeni yandisa ukucasuka kokuphefumula.
Ezigabeni zokuxwayisa kusengaphambili ezinzima kakhulu, uMnyango Wezempilo kanye noMnyango Jikelele Wezimo Eziphuthumayo bagcizelela ukubaluleka kokubonisana nodokotela. Inkomba Yekhwalithi Yomoya (ICA) lokho uHulumeni waseCanary Islands akushicilela ngeNethiwekhi Yokuqapha Nokulawula Ikhwalithi Yomoya. Ngale ndlela, wonke umuntu angazi isimo esithile endaweni yakhe futhi alungise imisebenzi yakhe yansuku zonke ibe sezingeni lengozi elikhona.
Izincomo ezisemthethweni ngesikhathi sokuxwayisa kusengaphambili ngomhwamuko
Uma kumenyezelwa isexwayiso kusengaphambili se-calima (uthuli lwaseSahara) eziQhingini zaseCanary, iziphathimandla zisakaza inqwaba yalezi zinkinga. izincomo zokuvimbela Lezi zinyathelo zihloselwe ukunciphisa umthelela wothuli oluphuma emoyeni empilweni. Nakuba zisebenza kubo bonke abantu, kwenziwa isicelo esikhethekile kulabo abangamalungu amaqembu asengozini ukuba bathathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe.
Esinye seziqondiso eziyisisekelo yilesi Gwema ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ngaphandleikakhulukazi ngesikhathi samahora okugxila kwezinhlayiya eziphezulu. Kunconywa ukunciphisa ukuhamba okungadingekile ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uhlale endlini, uqiniseke ukuthi uvala iminyango namafasitela ngokuqinile ukuze unciphise ukungena kothuli emakhaya nasemabhizinisini.
Ukulula kwe misa noma uhlehlise imisebenzi ehilela ukuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba Ngaphandle, njengokudlala imidlalo, ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo, noma ukuhlanganyela emicimbini emikhulu yangaphandle. Ngaphakathi emakhaya, kunconywa ukuhlanza izindawo nge izindwangu ezimanzi ukuvimbela uthuli ukuthi lungaphinde lukhuphuke futhi nokugcina indawo enomswakama owanele, okusiza ukunciphisa ukucasuka kwe-mucous membranes.
Ukuphuza amanzi emzimbeni kungenye iphuzu elibalulekile: kunconywa ukwandisa ukuphuza amanzi neziphuzo ezingezona utshwala, ikakhulukazi izingane, asebekhulile kanye neziguli ezinezifo ezingamahlalakhonaAbantu asebevele bethola ukwelashwa kwezifo zokuphefumula noma zenhliziyo kufanele baqhubeke nemithi yabo evamile futhi bahlale benayo, bebonisana nochwepheshe wabo wezempilo uma bebona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezimpawu zabo.
UMnyango Wezempilo uphinde ugcizelele ukubaluleka kokuthi Naka ulwazi olusemthethweni Ikhishwe nguHulumeni Weziqhingi zaseCanary, i-AEMET (i-Spanish State Meteorological Agency), kanye nezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo. Uma kwenzeka izimpawu zokuphefumula ziba zimbi ngokuzumayo, xhumana no-112 noma nezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo, ikakhulukazi uma ubhekene nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqina kwesifuba, noma isiyezi esinzima.
Ubudlelwano nezinye izimo zezulu ezimbi eziQhingini zaseCanary
Uthuli lwaseSahara luvame ukwenzeka kanye nezinye izimo zezulu ezimbi eCanary Islands, okwenza kube nzima ukuphathwa kwalezi zenzakalo kanye nokukhishwa kwezincomo emphakathini. Kwezinye izimo, ukungena kothuli lwaseSahara kuhambisane nokufika kwe- Ukucindezeleka okuhlukanisiwe emazingeni aphezulu (i-DANA)okulethe imvula, iziphepho, imimoya enamandla kanye nokuwohloka okuphawulekayo kwezimo zolwandle.
Kulezi zimo, i-General Directorate of Security and Emergency ingagcina ngesikhathi esisodwa izexwayiso zomoya kanye nezehlakalo zasogwinikanye nesaziso sangaphambi komoya obandayo. Ukuqina kwemimoya yokuhweba kanye nokudlula kwezinhlelo zokucindezela okuphansi kungabangela umoya onamandla kakhulu izindawo eziphakeme, iziqongo kanye nemithambeka eveziwe ezivela eziqhingini ezifana neTenerife, iGran Canaria, iLa Palma, iLa Gomera noma i-El Hierro, kanye neziqephu lapho kuye kwaqoshwa khona izehlakalo umoya onamandla kakhulu cishe noma ngisho nangaphezulu kwe-90-100 km/h.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuba khona komswakama ezindaweni eziphakeme kanye nokufika kwemvula kungaholela imvula yodakaLesi yisimo lapho amanzi ethwala izinhlayiya ezilengayo bese ezibeka phezu kobuso, ezimotweni, nasophahleni. Nakuba ngokombono wezempilo ngokuvamile engezi ingozi enkulu uma kuqhathaniswa nothuli olulengayo uqobo, adala inkinga. inkinga yokungcola nokubonakala emigwaqweni nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
Okwamanje, ulwandle lungase luphazanyiswe ukuqina kokuvuvukala kanye nokuvuvukala komoya enyakatho nasenyakatho-mpumalanga, ngamagagasi afinyelele kwezinye iziqephu zakamuva. kudlule amamitha amane ukuphakama ogwini olusenyakatho olusobala kakhulu lweziqhingi. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, umphakathi ukhunjuzwa ngengozi yokusondela ezindlini zokuvimba amanzi, izindawo zokumisa imikhumbi, kanye nezindawo zokugeza ezingavikelekile.
Lolu chungechunge lwezenzakalo lusho ukuthi, ngezinsuku zokuxwayisa kusengaphambili ngomhwamuko, akudingeki nje kuphela ukulandela iziqondiso zekhwalithi yomoya, kodwa futhi nokucabanga ngazo. Izexwayiso zomoya, izehlakalo zasogwini kanye nemvula, njengoba konke kuyingxenye yesimo sezulu esibi esifanayo esilawulwa nge-PEFMA.
Lonke lolu chungechunge lwezixwayiso, izincomo, kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela lubonisa izinga Isexwayiso sangaphambi kwe-Calima e-Canary Islands Uthuli seluyinto evamile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke eziQhingini zaseCanary. Ukwazi ukuhumusha izixwayiso ezisemthethweni, ukuqonda izingozi zempilo, nokusebenzisa iziqondiso eziyisisekelo ekhaya nasemphakathini kuvumela abantu ukuthi babhekane kangcono nalezi zigameko zothuli olulengayo futhi banciphise umthelela wazo kokubili kumalungu omphakathi asengozini kakhulu kanye nomphakathi wonke.
