I-Los Izakhamuzi zaseGranada azivumelani nempova Bebelokhu bekubona ngokucacile kulezi zinsuku zakamuva: ukuthimula okuqhubekayo, amehlo alumayo, nezinkinga zokuphefumula kuye kwanda kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Isimo sedolobha siyaqala ukwenzeka. amazinga aphezulu kakhulu empova ye-cypress kanye ne-pellitory, inhlanganisela eyenza impilo ibe nzima nakakhulu kulabo abahlushwa ukungezwani komzimba nezimo ezithile zonyaka.
Isimo sichazwa uhlobo oluthile "isiphepho esiphelele" sesimo sezuluNgemva kobusika obunemvula eningi eyenze kwaba nomthelela ekukhuleni kwezitshalo, isikhathi esiphawulwe yi- ukungabi khona kwemvula futhi a ukwenyuka okucacile kwamazinga okushisaLolu shintsho olusheshayo lubangele ukwanda okusheshayo kokuthuthwa kwempova, ngaphandle kokushintsha kancane kancane okuvame kakhulu, kanye nezindinganiso ochwepheshe abazichaza njengezidlulele.
Ukuphakama okubukhali: amazinga empova "aphezulu kakhulu"
La Iyunithi Yekhwalithi Yezinto Eziphilayo Zomoya (UCBA-UGR)Umcwaningi wase-University of Granada ukhiphe isexwayiso esiqinile: kuthathwa izilinganiso kulezi zinsuku amazinga aphezulu kakhulu empova ye-cypress ne-pellitory mayelana nedolobha. Ngokusho kwamarekhodi abo, ukuqhakaza kwezinhlobo zombili kwenzeka ngezinsuku eziphawulwe yi- uchungechunge lomlando lweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30Kodwa-ke, ukugcwala kwempova emoyeni kuye kwanda kakhulu, okwenza abantu abanesifo sokungezwani komzimba babe nezimpawu ezibukhali kakhulu kunokuvamile.
Lokhu kuhlola kuhambisana nalokho Izinsizakalo zokungezwani komzimba eGranadaOchwepheshe abanjengoDkt. Carolina Mérida, waseSan Cecilio Hospital, bachaza ukuthi i-cypress ivame ukuqala ukukhombisa izimpawu ngoJanuwari, kodwa kulo nyaka Ukuthuthwa kwempova kuye kwabambezeleka ngenxa yemvula eqhubekayoLapho imvula ima futhi amazinga okushisa enyuka, amazinga ayeseqalile kakade ngamanani aphezulu kakhulu, edlula Izinhlamvu zempova ezingu-3.000 ngemitha eyi-cubic yomoya Kwamanye amarekhodi, ngaphandle kokwanda kancane kancane, lokhu kuholela ekungakhululekeni okukhulu kweziguli.
I-UCBA-UGR iphinde ixwayise ngokuthi, esikhathini esifushane, Lesi simo singase siqhubeke izinsuku ezininganaEminye imibiko ikhombisa ukuthi amanani aphezulu kakhulu angase aqhubeke, okungenani kuze kube yizinsuku zokuqala zikaMashi, kuye ngesimo sezulu. Uma kufika izinsuku eziningana ezomile nezithambile, amazinga empova kulindeleke ukuthi ahlale ephezulu kakhulu; uma imvula ibuya njalo, [isengezo/ukwanda ... futhi izibalo zizokwehla kakhulu.
Esimweni sesifunda, idatha evela ku- University of Córdoba Zibonisa ukuthi yonke inhlonhlo eseningizimu iyabhalisa amazinga aphezulu empova ye-cypressLokhu kuthinta nezingxenye eziphakathi nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeNhlonhlo yase-Iberia. E-Andalusia, kutholakala amazinga abalulekile empova yezinambuzane kanye nezitshalo ezihlobene nayo, okwandisa inkinga ezindaweni ezibucayi njengeGranada.
I-Cypress ne-pellitory: abalingiswa ababili abakhona kakhulu edolobheni
El umsipresi Kuyinto evamile eGranada. Iyingxenye yendawo yaseGranada izikhumbuzo, amathuna, izingadi zomlando namapakifuthi kutholakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezifana ne- I-AlbaicÃn ne-Realejoyize itholakala isakazeke cishe kulo lonke idolobha. Impova yayo ibonakala ngokuba kusinda kakhulu kunezinye izihlahla njengomuthi womnqumo: lokhu kusho ukuthi uvame ukuhlala kusenesikhathi futhi uhambe ibanga elincane, kodwa futhi ukuthi ukuchayeka kungaba nzima kakhulu ezindaweni lapho izihlahla ze-cypress zigcwele khona.
Odokotela bokungezwani komzimba bachaza ukuthi, eminyakeni yamuva nje, Inani labantu abazwela kakhulu impova ye-cypress liye landa.Nakuba umuthi womnqumo usalokhu uyimbangela eyinhloko yokungezwani komzimba ezindaweni eziningi zase-Andalusia, sekuvamile ukuthola iziguli eziza emtholampilo ngenxa yezimpawu ezihlobene ngqo nale conifer, ikakhulukazi lapho kuqala isizini ngokuzumayo njengalo nyaka.
La i-pellitoryNgakolunye uhlangothi, kuyinto isitshalo esincane esinotshani (cishe ubude obuyisigamu semitha) okuvame ukunganakwa, kodwa kunamandla amakhulu okubangela ukungezwani komzimba. Kukhula kakhulu ku- izindawo ezinomswakama futhi ezine-nitrogen encane: imifula kanye nemisele yokunisela, inhlabathi enomswakama oqhubekayo, futhi ikakhulukazi, izindonga, izindonga kanye nemifantu yamatshe e-limestoneKuningi kakhulu ku- isikhungo somlando saseGranada kanye nasezindaweni ezifana ne-AlbaicÃn noma i-Sacromonte, lapho ihlala khona izindonga ezindala kanye namakhona anomthunzi.
Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obungabonakali, izimbali ze-pellitory Zikhipha impova enkuluLokhu kusho ukuthi, ezindaweni lapho isitshalo sivame kakhulu khona, amazinga emvelo angaba phezulu ngisho nalapho indawo ezungezile ibonakala ingaqhakazi. Yingakho i-UCBA-UGR igcizelela isidingo sokuba abantu abahlushwa ukungezwani komzimba bafunde ukuthi... qaphela izitshalo ezibangela izimpawu zazo ukuze banciphise ukuvezwa kwabo empilweni yabo yansuku zonke.
Zombili izinhlobo, i-cypress kanye ne-pellitory, manje zitholakala ku- iphuzu eliphakeme lokuvundisa impovaEzinye izinambuzane ezibangela izinkinga emphakathini zengezwa kancane kancane, njengalezo ze- utshani, ama-plantain, ama-poplar, ama-elm, izihlahla zomlotha, izihlahla zeplane, amaphayini, ama-oki e-holm kanye nezihlahla zomnqumoIzibikezelo zentwasahlobo empumalanga ye-Andalusia zibonisa ukuthi izikhathi zokuvuna impova zalezi zinhlobo zizoba cishe ezinsukwini ezijwayelekile, yize zikhona amandla angase abe phezulu kakhulu uma isimo senhlabathi emanzi kanye nezinsuku ezomile, ezinelanga nezithambile zigcinwa.
Intwasahlobo okulindeleke ukuthi ibe namandla kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sokungezwani komzimba
Amamodeli asekelwe kokungaphezu kwalokho amarekhodi e-aerobiological amashumi amathathu eminyaka Zibonisa ukuthi uma i-anticyclone ihlala phezu kwePeninsula futhi izinsuku ezomile kanye namazinga okushisa akhuphukayo ziyaqhubeka nokubusa, Izimbali zingaba ziqhuma kakhulu.Izitshalo sezinesikhathi sokululama kusukela ekugugeni ukucindezeleka kwamanzi kusukela ezinkathini ezedlule Ngenxa yemvula yasebusika, manje sezinezimo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhipha impova eningi.
Ochwepheshe baveza ukuthi leli phethini lingahunyushwa libe izimpawu ezibukhali kakhulu Lokhu kusebenza kokubili kubantu asebetholakale benalesi sifo kanye nalabo asebehlushwa ukungakhululeki okuncane noma ababengazi ukuthi bane-allergy kuze kube manje. Akuvamile ukuthi ukubonisana kwande ngemva kwezigameko ezinjengalesi. I-conjunctivitis ye-allergy, i-rhinitis enzima, ngisho nokuhlaselwa yi-asthmakanye nesidingo sokulungisa ukwelashwa noma ukuqala izinqubo ezintsha zokulawula.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma phakathi namasonto ambalwa alandelayo kwenzeka uchungechunge lwezehlakalo izigameko zemvula ezivame kakhulukungalindelwa isiphethu esibekezeleleka kangcono, kanye amazinga empova aphakathi noma aphezulu ngokwesilinganisoKodwa ngaphandle kwezindinganiso eziphakeme esezivele zibonwa. Imvula isebenza ngokugeza impova elenga phansi futhi ihlanze umkhathi okwesikhashana, yize uma isimo sezulu esomile sibuya, amazinga avame ukukhuphuka futhi.
Ngokuphathelene nokusatshalaliswa kwesikhashana, utshani nezinye izitshalo ezikhula ngezitshalo ezivamile entwasahlobo Sebeqalile kakade ukubhalisa, ngisho nangoFebhuwari. kumasampula e-aerobiological, into ephawulekayo ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka. Lokhu kuthuthuka kubangelwa ukuhlanganiswa amazinga okushisa aphansi kanye nokuntuleka kwemvulaokukhuthaza izitshalo ukuthi ziqale umjikelezo wazo wokuzala kusenesikhathi, ziqhakaze izinhlobo eziningana zezitshalo ngaleyo ndlela zikhulise umthwalo ophelele we-allergen emoyeni.
Ngenxa yalesi simo, izinsizakalo ze-UCBA-UGR kanye ne-Allergy zigcizelela ukuthi Amaviki ambalwa alandelayo azoba ukhiye ukuthola ukuthi isizini izoziphatha kanjani. Umyalezo ucacile: abantu abanokungezwani nokuphefumula kufanele banake kakhulu izibikezelo zempovaShintsha imikhuba yakho futhi, uma kudingeka, thintana nodokotela wakho ukuze ubukeze noma uqale ukwelashwa.
Izimpawu nokuthi kufanele ubonane nini nochwepheshe
Kumongo we amazinga aphezulu kakhulu empova ye-cypress ne-pellitoryAkumangazi ukuthi izimpawu ezifana nalezi impumulo egobhozayo engapheli, ukuthimula, amehlo alumayo namanzi, ukuminyana, ukukhwehlela okucasulayo ngisho nomuzwa wokuphelelwa umoya. Abantu abaningi badinga ukusebenzisa ama-antihistamine anamandla aphezulu noma inhlanganisela yemithi ukuze ukwazi ukugcina inqubo yansuku zonke evamile.
Ochwepheshe baveza ukuthi, lapho I-rhinitis ye-allergy inamandla kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi cishe okuqhubekayo kuba yinto edingekayo noma kuhlotshaniswa izimpawu ze-asthma (ukushaya umoya esifubeni, umuzwa wokuqina, ubunzima bokuphefumula), kubalulekile ukuya udokotela oyinhlokoUkusuka lapho, ukubhekisela ku- Isevisi yokungezwani komzimba ukuze kwenziwe ucwaningo oluphelele, futhi uma kufaneleka, ukuklama ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo okungaphezu kokulawula izimpawu ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ngaphezu kwe-inhaler kanye ne-antihistamine yomlomo noma yamakhala, odokotela be-allergy banenketho yokuthi I-immunotherapy eqondileLokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi "imijovo yokungezwani komzimba." Lokhu kwelashwa kuqukethe ukunikeza imithamo elawulwayo neyandayo ye-allergen isiguli esizwela kuyo (kulokhu, isibonelo, i-cypress noma i-pellitory pollen), ngenhloso yokuvimbela ukusabalala kwe-allergen. fundisa kabusha amasosha omzimba kangangokuthi uyeka ukusabela ngobudlova kangaka.
Kuthiwani indlela okuwukuphela kwayo ekwazi ukuguqula ukuvela kwemvelo kwezifo ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimbaNakuba imithi evamile igxile ekunciphiseni izimpawu lapho zivela, ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy kunganciphisa kakhulu ukuqina kokuhlaselwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi, kwezinye izimo, ukuqeda i-asthma ehambisanayoNgokwemvelo, lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu angabekezelela inani elikhulu lempova ngaphambi kokubona ukungakhululeki, ngaleyo ndlela andise izinga lakhe lokududuzeka ngezikhathi zonyaka njengalesi samanje.
Isinqumo sokuqala lolu hlobo lokwelashwa senziwa njalo ngomuntu ngamunye, ngemva kokufunda iphrofayili yokuqwashisa ngesiguli futhi uhlole ukuvama kanye nobukhali bezimpawu. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukubaluleka ungaziphilisi ngendlela ehlelekile futhi uthintane nochwepheshe uma kwenzeka isimo siba sibi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngonyaka onezimo ezinzima njengalezo iGranada ebhekene nazo njengamanje.
Izinyathelo zansuku zonke zokunciphisa ukuchayeka kwempova
Kanye nokwelashwa kwezokwelapha, izinyathelo zokuvimbela imvelo Ziyisihluthulelo sokudlula kulesi sikhathi sonyaka ngomthelela omncane kakhulu. I-UCBA-UGR kanye nezinhlangano zesayensi zincoma, phakathi kwezinye iziqondiso, ukunciphisa ngangokunokwenzeka ukuchayeka ngaphandle ezinsukwini lapho kugcwele khona impova, ikakhulukazi phakathi nosuku nalapho kunomoya.
Phakathi kwezincomo eziphindaphindwa njalo yi- egqoke izibuko zelanga ukuvikela amehlo kanye nokusetshenziswa Amamaski e-FFP2 emgwaqweniLezi zimaski zisiza ekuhlungeni ingxenye enkulu yezinhlayiya zempova ngaphambi kokuba zingene emgudwini wokuphefumula. Ngemva kobhubhane, ukugqoka imaski entwasahlobo sekuyinto evamile, futhi abantu abaningi abahlushwa ukungezwani komzimba bayazifaka emisebenzini yabo yansuku zonke ukuze banciphise izimpawu.
Kuyalulekwa futhi Gcina amafasitela ezindlu zakho evaliwe Esikhathini esiningi, ngezinsuku ezinamazinga aphezulu kakhulu, kungcono ukuwavula kuqala ekuseni, lapho ukuhlushwa kuvame ukuba phansi kancane. Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, kungcono ukuwavula. ilenga izingubo endliningoba izingubo ezilengiswe ngaphandle zigcwala impova bese ziyidlulisela ekhaya noma endaweni yokusebenza.
Uma uhamba ngemoto, kunconywa ukuthi uhambe ne amafasitela aguqile Futhi, uma kutholakala, sebenzisa izinhlelo zokujikeleza umoya kanye nezihlungi zempova ku-air conditioner. Ngokuphathelene nemisebenzi yokuzilibazisa, kuyalulekwa Gwema ukuphuma isikhathi eside uye emaphandleniikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho izinhlobo ezibangela izimpawu ziningi khona, futhi uvumelanise izikhathi zokuphumula nezinsuku ezinamazinga aphansi ngokusho kwezibikezelo.
I-UCBA-UGR iphinde igcizelele ukubaluleka kwabantu abane-allergies yokuphefumula yazi izitshalo ezizithinta kahleUma kwenzeka i-pellitory, lezi yizitshalo ezihlala ezindongeni nasenhlabathini emanzi, ezivame kakhulu izindawo zomlando ezifana ne-AlbaicÃn noma i-SacromonteUkuzazi kukuvumela ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezilula, njengokushintsha indlela yakho evamile noma ukugwema ukuchitha isikhathi esingadingekile ezindaweni lapho lezi zitshalo ziningi khona.
Ulwazi kanye nokuqapha amazinga empova
Ukuze ukwazi ukubikezela izinsuku ezinzima kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuba nazo Kubuyekezwe idatha ngamazinga empova emoyeniEmpumalanga ye-Andalusia, lo msebenzi uqondiswa yinhlangano uqobo lwayo. I-UCBA-UGR ngenethiwekhi ye i-aerobiology, elinganisa futhi ihlaziye ngokuhlelekile amazinga ezinhlobo eziyinhloko zempova ejikeleza emoyeni.
Izakhamizi zingabheka lolu lwazi kuwebhusayithi ye- I-Aerobiology yase-Eastern Andalusia (polen.redugre.es), lapho idatha inikezwa khona ku- ukuhlushwa kwansuku zonke, izinhlobo zempova ezikhona, amakhalenda okuqhakaza kanye nemininingwane mayelana nendlela yokuthatha amasampula esetshenzisiwe. Lezi zinsiza zivumela abantu abahlushwa ukungezwani komzimba ukuthi bavumelanise imithi yabo kanye nemikhuba yabo nezikhathi ezisengozini enkulu.
Le nethiwekhi yokuqapha yenziwe yaba nokwenzeka ngenxa yokubambisana kwe amaqembu ahlukahlukene ocwaningo ezivela eNyuvesi yaseGranada, njengelabhorethri ehlukile ye-UCBA-UGR, amaqembu e-RNM-110 kanye ne-RNM-170 azinikele ekucwaningweni kwezitshalo nezitshalo, kanye nokusekelwa kwezinto ezifana ne- I-Spanish Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (SEAIC)Amaphrojekthi axhaswe ngokubambisana yi-[nhlangano/inhlangano] nawo ayahlanganyela. UJunta de AndalucÃa kanye nezimali ze-FEDER zaseYurophu, ezivumela ukugcinwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokuqapha.
Ngaphezu kwamathuluzi ezikhungo, okulandelayo kuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu: izinhlelo zesayensi yezakhamuzi okuhlobene nezitshalo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo zasemadolobheni. Amapulatifomu edijithali akhethekile avumela umphakathi ukuthi ukhombe izinhlobo zezitshalo, wabelane ngokubuka, futhi uhlanganyele kumaphrojekthi asiza ukuqonda kangcono ukusatshalaliswa kwezitshalo ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba emadolobheni, okungaba wusizo ekuhleleni amadolobha kanye nempilo yomphakathi.
Esimweni esithile saseGranada, inhlanganisela Isimo sezulu saseMedithera, ukuma kwendawo, ifa lomlando kanye nobuningi bezindawo eziluhlaza Lokhu kwenza idolobha libe yindawo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngokombono we-aerobiology. inethiwekhi yokuqapha ehlanganisiwe Futhi ngeziteshi zokuxhumana ezicacile zezaziso, njengalezo ezikhishwe yi-UCBA-UGR, kuyisici esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwabantu abane-allergies yokuphefumula.
Nendawo ephawulwe yi amanani aphezulu empova ye-cypress ne-pellitory Futhi njengoba intwasahlobo ikhula ibe nzima kakhulu, umyalezo wochwepheshe ucacile: hlala unolwazi, landela izincomo zokuvimbela, Xhumana nezinsizakalo zezempilo uma izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu Futhi ukuthembela ezinsizeni ezitholakalayo zokuqapha amazinga empova kuyithuluzi elingcono kakhulu lokubhekana nalezi zinsuku edolobheni lapho ukungezwani komzimba sekuphenduke khona, kwabaningi, umngane wezinkathi ezithile zonyaka.
