Ngaphakathi kwenkathi I-Cenozoic sihlangana ne- Isikhathi sePaleocene lokho kwaqala cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-66 edlule kuya eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-56 edlule. Yayitholakala ngesikhathi sePaleogene futhi yaziwa ngezinguquko ezinqala ezazikhona emhlabeni. I- Izilwane zePaleocene ibibonakala ngenqubo yokuqedwa okukhulu kwama-dinosaurs nangezimo ezithile ezinobutha. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwasungulwa izimo ezithile ukuze iplanethi izinze ngandlela thile futhi ikwazi ukukhulisa ukukhula kwezitshalo nezilwane eziningi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngazo zonke izici nokuvela kwezilwane zasePaleocene.
Isikhathi sePaleocene
Ngaleso sikhathi iplanethi yayisebenza impela kusukela ekubukeni komhlaba. Ukukhukhumala kwezwekazi kwaqhubeka nokunyakaza kwayo ukuhlukanisa izwekazi elikhulu elaziwa ngePangea futhi amazwekazi adlulela endaweni akuyo njengamanje.
Ngokuphathelene nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kwakuyisikhathi sokuchichima kwezilwane nezitshalo. Amaqembu ezilwane asinda ekuqothulweni kwenkathi edlule akwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukahlukene zemvelo. Ukusuka lapho, asakazeka, ahlala ezindaweni ezinkulu zomhlaba futhi ahlukahluka abe yizinhlobo nezinhlobo.
Njengoba kunikezwe umsebenzi omkhulu we-geological obonisa lesi sikhathi, amanye amapuleti e-tectonic aqala ukunyakaza kwawo ngesikhathi hloniphabangu Bagcina behlala kwezinye izikhundla kulo lonke elasePaleocene. Isimo sezulu sibuye saletha amazinga okushisa aphezulu Babangele ushintsho olukhulu ekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nendawo yabo yokwabiwa kanye nendawo yokuhlala.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nezimbali
Njengoba i-Paleocene yaqala ngokushesha ngemva komcimbi wokuqothulwa kwenqwaba yomhlaba, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane kwadingeka ziphile futhi zivumelane nezimo ezintsha. Lokhu kushabalala okukhulu kwaphoqelela izinhlobo ezisaphila ukuba zihlukanise kokubili endaweni kanye nokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Eziningi zalezi zinhlobo ezisekhona zaba izinhlobo ezintsha ezibusayo emhlabeni.
Le nqubo yokuqothulwa kwabantu abaningi iyona efundwe kakhulu futhi yaqashelwa emlandweni futhi yaziwa ngokuthi ukuqothulwa kobuningi beCretaceous and Tertiary. Kulapha lapho izilwane eziningi zeplanethi zashabalala, ikakhulukazi izibankwakazi.
Ngokuqondene nezitshalo ze-Paleocene, sithola izitshalo eziningi ezisekhona nanamuhla. Ezinye zezitshalo ezakhula ngalesi sikhathi kwakuyizihlahla zesundu, amaconifers kanye ne-cacti. Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yamarekhodi ezinsalela aqoqwe ngochwepheshe. Kwakukhona nezindawo lapho i-fern yayiyisitshalo esichichima kakhulu.
Njengoba isimo sezulu esasikhona ngesikhathi sePaleocene sasifudumele futhi sinomswakama Yayithanda ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba ezinezitshalo ezinamahlamvu kanye nohlaza, ovamile emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo zakuqala namahlathi. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo ezinomswakama, amazinga okushisa afudumele, nohlaza oluningi kungenzeka kwavumela ukuvela kwezilwane ezintsha.
AmaConifers abusa zonke lezo zindawo lapho izinga lokushisa beliphansi. La ma-conifers adlulela kulezo zifunda eziseduze nezigxobo. Esinye sezitshalo ezaqhubeka nokuhlukahlukana kwazo kwakuyi-angiosperms. Lezi zitshalo zigcinwa namuhla.
Izilwane zePaleocene
Ngokuqondene nezilwane ze-Paleocene, sinezilwane eziningi okwadingeka zisinde emcimbini wokuqothulwa okukhulu ekupheleni kweCretaceous. Izilwane ezazikwazi Ukusinda, babe nethuba lokwehluka futhi banwebe ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ezizungeze iplanethi. Ikakhulukazi basebenzisa iqiniso lokuthi ama-dinosaurs ayengasekho, njengoba ayeyizilwane ezidla ezinye ezinkulu emhlabeni. Ukuba khona kwama-dinosaurs ancintisana ngezinsiza zemvelo, ngakho-ke ngaphandle kokuba khona kwama-dinosaurs, ukuhlukahluka kanye nokusebenza kwendawo kwakulula kakhulu.
Phakathi kwamaqembu ezilwane okwakungezilwane zePaleocene futhi ezazisakazeka ngobukhulu obukhulu zazikhona izilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo nezinhlanzi. Ake sihlaziye ngayinye yazo.
Iziqubuzelayo
Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zaziyiqembu lezilwane ezasinda ekuqothulweni futhi zazuza esimweni sezulu esasikhona ngaleso sikhathi. Izimo zemvelo zabavumela ukuba basakaze ezindaweni ezengeziwe ezaba ezifanelekela ukuphila kwabo.
Phakathi kwezihuquzelayo ama-campusosaurs amaningi kakhulu, eyayihlala ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini. Umzimba wazo wawufana nowezibankwa ezinkulu futhi zazinomsila omude nezitho ezi-4 ezincane. Ezinye zalezi zibonelo zingakhula zibe amamitha angu-2 ubude futhi amazinyo azo ayekwazi ukuzingela inyamazane yazo kalula kakhulu. Izinyoka nezimfudu nazo zakhula ngalesi sikhathi.
Aves
Izinyoni ze-Paleocene zazihlala kule planethi futhi zanda ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa ezindaweni ezishisayo. Izinyoni zohlobo lweGastornis, ezaziwa njengezinyoni ezethusayo, zazizinkulu ngobukhulu kodwa zingenalo ikhono lokundiza. Isici esiyinhloko salolu hlobo ukuthi babenoqhwaku olukhulu olunomzimba oqinile kakhulu. Imikhuba yabo yayidla inyama futhi babeyizilwane ezesabekayo ezilwaneni eziningi.
Ngalesi sikhathi, izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni eziqhubekayo namuhla zathuthukiswa futhi zavela ngenxa yezimo zemvelo. Phakathi kwaleli qembu lezinyoni esilitholayo izinyoni zasolwandle, izikhova, amajuba namadada, phakathi kwabanye.
Izilwane zePaleocene: izinhlanzi nezilwane ezincelisayo
Ngesikhathi sokuqothulwa kwenqwaba yeCretaceous, iningi lezilwane zasolwandle nawo wonke ama-dinosaurs olwandle nawo ashabalala. Lokhu kwaholela ekuncintisaneni okuncane endaweni yasolwandle futhi kwaholela ekusabalaleni koshaka, okubavumela ukuba babe izilwane ezidla ezinye ezinamandla. Izinhlanzi eziningi ezisaphila namuhla zavela phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Ngokuqondene nezilwane ezincelisayo, kwakuyiqembu eliphumelele kakhulu phakathi kwezilwane ze-Paleocene. Ama-placenta, ama-monotremes nama-marsupial ayegqamile. Izilwane ezincelisayo ze-placenta ziyiqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo uphawu lwazo oluyinhloko ukukhula kombungu ngaphakathi komama. Ukuxhumana kuyasungulwa phakathi kokubonga okubili kwenkaba kanye ne-placenta. Kuleli qembu kukhona amagundane, ama-lemurs nama-primates, phakathi kwabanye.
Ama-Marsupial angelinye iqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo lapho insikazi inohlobo lwesikhwama olwaziwa ngokuthi isikhwama. Lapha sithola ama-kangaroo, nakuba ayengenabo abameleli abaningi e-Paleocene. Ekugcineni, ama-monotremes kwakuyizilwane ezinezici zazo ezifana nezilwane ezihuquzelayo nezinyoni. Umzimba wabo ugcwele uboya, kodwa u-oviparous. I-platypus kanye ne-echidna kutholakala lapha.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezilwane zePaleocene.