Kokuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini besisihlaziya Izintaba ze-Appalachian y amaHimalaya. Lezi zakhiwo zokwakheka komhlaba zehlukile futhi zikhethekile emhlabeni jikelele. Namuhla siyaqhubeka nokuhambela lezi zintaba eziphuphile, ezicebile ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nesibonakaliso sokuthi iplanethi yethu isaphila. Ake sixoxe ngakho Izintaba Ezinamadwala. Ingenye yezintaba ezibaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke elaseMelika. Itholakala phakathi kweCanada ne-United States futhi ithathwa njengomgogodla weNyakatho Melika.
Uma ufuna ukwazi konke ukubaluleka kwamaRocky Mountains, lokhu okuthunyelwe kwakho.
Izici eziyinhloko
Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo okukhulu kwemvelo nokuba khona kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, isihloko seNational Park sakhiwa kule ndawo ngo-1915. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kamuva ngo-1984, I-UNESCO yamemezela njengendawo eyiGugu Lomhlaba. Futhi ukuthi kulezi zintaba kunezimfihlo eziningi zemvelo ezigcinwe ngokwakhiwa kweplanethi yethu njengoba sazi namhlanje futhi kuyindawo yokuhlala izinkulungwane zezinhlobo.
Inobude obukhulu cishe bamakhilomitha angama-4800, cishe. Ububanzi bayo buphakathi kwamakhilomitha ayi-110 kanye nama-440 engxenyeni enkulu yayo. Indawo isuka enyakatho ye-Alberta naseBritish Columbia (zombili eziseCanada) iye eningizimu yeNew Mexico. Idlula eThafeni Elikhulu empumalanga futhi idabule amabhasi namathafa asentshonalanga.
Yakhiwe ngezintaba eziningana zezintaba, ngakho ibanzi impela futhi kufanele ukutadishwe. Kunezintaba ezifana neKhabinethi neSalish ephawulekayo. Ukuqanjwa njengendawo eyiGugu Lomhlaba, imisebenzi eminingi yezomnotho ayivunyelwe. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukugcina imvelo iphilile.
Izintaba zeRocky zigada phakathi kwezigaba zazo njengenye yeziqongo ezinkulu kunazo zonke eNyakatho Melika. Lena yiNtaba i-Elbert. Inokuphakama kwamamitha angu-4.401. Iziqongo ezisasele engxenyeni esenyakatho zigcina izinguzunga zeqhwa eziningi ezisekhona kusukela ekugcineni i-glaciation. La maqhwa aqukethe imininingwane ebalulekile ngesimo sezulu ososayensi okufanele bayihlaziye ngokugcwele. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlolwe lawa ma-ice sheet aqhubekayo akhiwe eminyakeni edlule ukuthola ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokwedlule kwethu kokuma komhlaba.
Izingxenye ezithakazelisayo
Engxenyeni esenyakatho yamaRockies ungathokozela ubuhle obuhle bezigodi eziwumngcingo nezijulile ezakhiwe ngaphezu kwezigidi zeminyaka ngesenzo seqhwa. Ukuqhwa okuqhubekayo nokuncibilika kukhiqiza imisinga yemifula ebumba indawo futhi yakha izigodi esingazazisa namhlanje. Iqiniso ukuthi kuyigugu ukukwazi ukubona indawo yemvelo eyakhiwa kudala kakhulu nokuthi yimvelo kuphela engenelele ekwakhiweni kwayo.
Phakathi kwezingxenye ezithakazelisa kakhulu ukuzibona kumaRockies sithola eminye yemifula ebaluleke kakhulu etholakala kuyo yonke iNyakatho Melika. Phakathi kwazo sihlangana noMfula iColorado, iColumbia neBravo. Le mifula ehlanzekile inikezwa amanzi akhiqizwa ngokuqhubekayo phakathi nezinqubo zokuqhwa nokuncibilika okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla. Lokhu kusikhumbuza ukubaluleka kokuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa njengalesi lapho kukhuphuka amazinga olwandle nezinhlekelele ezingase zibe umphumela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne- UMfula iColorado, okubalulekile kulesi sifunda.
Kulo mhlaba wemvelo asikwazi ukubona izintaba kuphela, kodwa nokunye ukwakheka kwamadwala okwenziwe isenzo se-glacial, i-geological yangaphandle, kanye nezinqubo zezulu. Isenzo esiqhubekayo semvula, umoya, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukubanda kanye nokuncibilika, njll., kulolonga isimo sezwe phakathi neminyaka futhi kubangele ukwakheka okuhlaba umxhwele kokuma komhlaba.
Izintaba Ezinamadwala zakhiwa kanjani?
Sikhuluma ngokuthi kwakhiwa kanjani amanye amafomu amahle kakhulu kulezi zindawo. Kodwa zakhiwa kanjani lezi zintaba? Le nqubo yokwakheka komhlaba eholele ekwakhiweni kwamaRockies ifundiswa kabanzi ngososayensi bokuma komhlaba emhlabeni jikelele. Futhi ukuthi lezi zintaba zithuthukile esikhathini lapho umhlaba wawusebenza kakhulu ngokwendawo.
Amapuleti ama-tectonic ahlangabezana nokunyakaza okuqinile okwaholela ekukhuphukeni kwendawo nokwakhiwa kwezintaba okwalandela. Izintaba i-Appalachian ezibalulwe ngenhla nezichazwe ngokuningiliziwe kwesinye isihloko zakhiwa kusukela ekushayisaneni kwepuleti iLaurentia neGondwana ngesikhathi seCarboniferous esedlule. Kamuva e-Eocene, ukwehliswa okujulile kwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-crust namuhla okwakha yonke intshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika. Lokhu kuncishiswa bekuphakamisa uqweqwe lwamazwekazi ngokuya ngokwengeziwe futhi ukwakheka kwamaRockies bekwenzeka ngendlela echazwe ngokwengeziwe.
Kungenzeka ukuthi imininingwane evela ezifundweni iyiqiniso futhi ibhale lezi zintaba ze iminyaka ephakathi kweminyaka engama-55 no-88 wezigidi zeminyaka. Ngakho-ke, singabona phambi kwamehlo ethu indawo yemvelo ngokuphelele lapho ukungenelela komuntu kungazange kuzwakale futhi kwasungulwa eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-88 edlule. Ukuze uqonde kangcono lesi simo, kuyathakazelisa ukubukeza izinqubo ze-orogenesis okwadala lezi zakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu.
Eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-60 edlule, lapho ukwakheka kwazo sekuphelile, izintaba zingaphansi kwemithelela yangaphandle ye-geological and meteorological. Phakathi kwabo sithola ukuguqulwa kwamatshe. I-metamorphism engokoqobo (ngenxa yoshintsho oluqhubekayo lokushisa kanye nokushintsha kwezinkathi zonyaka) kanye namakhemikhali (ngenxa yokuhlakazeka kwezinto ngokusebenza kwamanzi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, umoya nemvula kuhlale kuholela ekugugulekeni kwezwe.
Izimbali nezilwane
Njengoba sishilo kaningi kulokhu okuthunyelwe, kunezinhlobo eziningi zombili izitshalo nezilwane ezihlala kulezi zindawo. Ezindaweni ezinhle ezinhle zamathafa, amathafa, amahlathi, amahlathi, amaxhaphozi nokunye ama-biomes ezahlukene zingahlala ezinhlotsheni eziningi ngesilinganiso semvelo esiphelele.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlala ndawonye esizitholayo izinyamazane, izinyamazane ezinomsila omhlophe, icilongo swan, i-coyote, ibhere elinsundu, i-lynx yaseCanada nembuzi emhlophe Sithola nokuhlukahluka okuningi kwezimila nezitshalo lapho sithola khona i-ponderosa pine, i-oki, i-alpine fir, phakathi kwabanye. Njengakwezinye izindawo emazweni aseMelika, izimila nezilwane zaseCanada zithintwa izimo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise umthelela wokusha kwehlathi.
Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi lukusiza ukuthi uthole ukuqonda okujulile kwezici nezindawo ze-Rocky Mountains.