El ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kwamanje Kungenye yezinsongo ezinkulu isintu esiye sabhekana nazo ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka. Le nkinga iye yanda ngenxa yezenzo zethu zansuku zonke, njengokusebenzisa izimoto, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, nokungcoliswa komoya namanzi. Njengoba iplanethi ishisa, imiphumela yokufudumala kwembulunga iba sobala kakhulu futhi yethusa.
Okulandelayo, ngiphakamisa kuwe Izintshisekelo ezi-4 mayelana nokushisa komhlaba lokho kuzokusiza uqonde kangcono ubucayi besimo.
1. Thaw
Ukuncibilika kweqhwa kungenye yemiphumela eyingozi kakhulu yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke. Hhayi nje ngoba amanzi ancibilikile aphakamisa izinga lolwandle, kodwa futhi ngoba kwenza impilo yezilwane ezihlala kulezi zindawo zibe nzima, njengamabhere asezindaweni ezishisayo nezimvu zamanzi. Njengoba izinguzunga zeqhwa nezinguzunga zeqhwa ziyanyamalala, akugcini nje ngokulahleka izindawo zokuhlala; Imizimba engaphili nayo iyavela engakhulula amagciwane kanye izifo ezithathelwanayo okwakucatshangwa ukuthi azisekho Angase aphinde avele, abe usongo ezilwaneni zasendle nakubantu.
2. Uzamcolo
Amadolobha asengozini enkulu yezikhukhula ngokuvamile yilawo anabantu abaningi futhi aseduze nezinga lolwandle. Ishumi nantathu kwamadolobha amakhulu ayishumi nanhlanu emhlabeni atholakala kumamitha ambalwa nje (noma ngisho namasentimitha) ukusuka olwandle. Amadolobha afana ne-Alexandria, California kanye neNew York abhekene ne-a ingozi enkulu kakhulu yezikhukhula ezinkulu. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwe-NOAA lubikezela ukuthi ukuphakama kwezinga lolwandle kungafinyelela kumamitha amabili, kube nemiphumela elimazayo engqalasizinda kanye nokuphepha kwezigidi zabantu. INew York, ikakhulukazi, ingase ibhekane nezikhukhula ezimbi kakhulu emlandweni wayo uma ingathathi isinyathelo sokunqanda ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke, njengoba kuchazwe kulesi sihloko. isihloko ngendaba.
3. Ukunyamalala kwamachibi
Kuze kube manje, Amachibi ayi-125 ase-Arctic anyamalele ngenxa yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke. Ukuncibilika kwe-permafrost, okuwungqimba lwenhlabathi oluyiqhwa unomphela, kuye kwavumela la machibi ukuba amuncwe umhlabathi. Lokhu akuthinti nje kuphela izitshalo nezilwane ezincike kulezi zindawo zemvelo zasemanzini, kodwa futhi kusongela nezinhlobo ezihlala lapho, okuziletha onqenqemeni lokuqothulwa. Uma ufuna ukujula ngezimbangela zokufudumala komhlaba, ngincoma lena. isixhumanisi esichaza izimbangela eziyinhloko.
4. Amanzi ansundu
Njengoba amazinga okushisa emhlabeni eqhubeka nokukhuphuka, Amachibi aqala ukuzwa ukwanda kwezinto eziphilayo, njengolwelwe. Lokhu kukhula kwe-algal ngokweqile kungaholela eutrophication, inqubo lapho amanzi ecetshiswa ngemisoco, okuholela ekwehleni komoyampilo futhi kuthinte izinhlobo zasemanzini ezincike ezitshalweni ezijulile ukuze ziphile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izilwane ezidla lezi zitshalo kuyodingeka zizivumelanise nezimo noma zibe sengozini yokushabalala.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zifiso ezishiwo ngenhla, kubalulekile ukuqonda umongo wokufudumala komhlaba. Kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambi kwezimboni, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lomhlaba lenyuke cishe cishe 1,1 ° C. Ngokusho kwe-World Meteorological Organization (WMO), isikhathi sika-2015-2019 cishe besifudumele kunawo wonke emlandweni.
Izinga lokukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle likhuphukele 5 mm ngonyaka phakathi kuka-2014 no-2019, okuyinto ethusayo uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kulinganiselwa ukuthi amazinga okushisa emhlabeni wonke angakhuphuka aze afike phezulu. 4,8°C ekupheleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka. Ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa, okuyimbangela yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke, kuvela kakhulu ekushisweni kwezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi. Mayelana nalokhu, ungathola ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nekhabhoni kanye nomthelela wako kulokhu isixhumanisi esinolwazi.
Izimbangela zokufudumala komhlaba
Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kuyisenzakalo esiye sasheshisa imisebenzi yabantu. Izimbangela eziyinhloko ezibangela lesi simo yilezi:
- Ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide: Ukukhishwa okuyinhloko kuvela ekushisweni kwezinto ezimbiwa phansi.
- Ukuqedwa kwamahlathi: Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kunciphisa amandla oMhlaba okumunca ikhabhoni.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla: Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla amaningi kusathembele emithonjeni engavuseleleki.
- Umkhakha: Izinqubo zezimboni zikhipha amagesi amaningi abamba ukushisa.
Imiphumela yokushisa komhlaba
Imiphumela yokufudumala kwembulunga ayithinti nje indawo ezungezile kuphela kodwa nokuphila kwabantu kwansuku zonke. Ezinye zezinto ezikhathaza kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Ukushabalala kwezinhlobo zezilwane: Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungase kuholele ekushabalaleni okufika ku uhlobo olulodwa kweziyisithupha emhlabeni.
- Imicimbi yesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu: Ukwanda kokuvama nokuqina kweziphepho, isomiso nezikhukhula, kanye nomthelela wazo emanzini ahlanzekile, ongawahlola ngokuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko. isihloko ngesomiso.
- Ukuntuleka kwamanzi: Ukutholakala kwamanzi ahlanzekile kusengozini ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa kanye noshintsho lwamaphethini emvula.
- Imithelela empilweni yomuntu: Ukwanda kwezifo ezihlobene nokushisa nokufa kwezinhlobo ezibalulekile zokudla kuyizibonelo ezimbalwa.
Ukunciphisa ukufudumala komhlaba
Ukunciphisa ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kuhilela amasu amaningana. Phakathi kwezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu yilezi:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo: Kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukuthembela emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi ukhuthaze amandla ahlanzekile.
- Ukutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi: Ukubuyisela izindawo ezigawuliwe kusiza ukwandisa ukuchithwa kwe-carbon.
- Khulisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla: Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezakhiwo nezimoto kunganciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwegesi.
Isibopho esabiwe
Kubalulekile ukuthi bobabili ohulumeni nabantu ngabanye bathathe isinyathelo ngokumelene nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke. Ngamunye wethu angaba neqhaza esixazululweni ngezinqumo zansuku zonke, ezifana nalezi:
- Yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwemoto: Khetha izithuthi zomphakathi, ukuhamba ngezinyawo noma ukuhamba ngebhayisikili.
- Yonga amandla: Vala izinto zikagesi futhi usebenzise amalambu angenawo amandla amancane.
- Sekela izinqubomgomo zezemvelo: Funa isinyathelo kohulumeni nezinkampani ukuze kunqandwe ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Ukulwa nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke kudinga umzamo ohlanganyelwe futhi ozibophezele. Ngokunakekela iplanethi, asigcini nje ngokuvikela imvelo yethu, kodwa futhi siqinisekisa ikusasa elisimeme lezizukulwane ezizayo.
Ngubani obhale lokhu? Akayena isazi sezulu, akunjalo? Hhayi udokotela wesimo sezulu, akunjalo? Uzobe engayifundelanga i-physics empilweni yakhe futhi ngeke adlule kunoma yiliphi i-Faculty of Environmental Sciences. Akungimangazi ukuthi noma ngubani akudingeki azi lutho ngalokhu unombono wokuthi unawo. Abaphenyi kumele bakhulume ngokoqobo njengoba kunjalo, ngaphandle kokukuhlobisa ngezinto ezingakafakazelwa, futhi, ngokombono wami, akukaze kuboniswe. Iningi lenza izindaba ezethusayo, ezigcina inzalo futhi zivikele izibonelelo zabo, njengama-NGO amaningi, athatha izigidi eziyi-150 ngonyaka owedlule ngezifundo ezingenangqondo. Kepha eMeteorologiaenlared? Akufanele baye lapho bengazi khona, noma okungenani basho ukuthi ngubani osayina i-athikili, yini imithombo yabo noma bathole ukuthi kungumbono womuntu siqu, ngakho-ke singayisusa ezintandokazini zethu.
Sawubona Juanjo.
Uqinisile: imithombo ilahlekile. Ngivele ngiwagqoke.
Ngiyaxolisa ukuthi ibingenandaba nawe.
A ukubingelela.