Ezinkathini zamuva, iziphepho ezinkulu Iziphepho zibonisa inkambiso ekhathazayo: zivela ngaphambi kwesikhathi ekhalendeni futhi zivela ngokushesha okukhulu. Isimo sezishingishane ezifinyelela esigabeni sesi-3 noma ngaphezulu kubangela izinselele ezintsha kukho kokubili ukuvikelwa komphakathi kanye nokubikezela isimo sezulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasogwini e-Mexico, e-Caribbean, nasogwini oluseningizimu ye-United States.
Kulo nyaka akuzange kube ngaphandle futhi icala Isiphepho u-Eric iye yasebenza njengesibonelo esiwumfanekiso saleli qiniso elisha. Erick ikwazile ukuqinisa isuka esiphephweni esishisayo yaya esiphephweni seSigaba 4 emahoreni ayishumi nambili nje kuphela, ngaphambi kokuwela e-Oaxaca naseGuerrero njengesiphepho esikhulu ekuseni ngoLwesine. Lokhu kuziphatha, kuhlukaniswa ngokuthi ukuqina ngokushesha, ixwayisa umphakathi wesayensi futhi igqamise ubungozi balezi zenzakalo, ezingase zishiye indawo encane kuziphathimandla zendawo ukuba zisabele.
Ukwenzeka kokuqina ngokushesha kanye nesizini yamanje
La ukuqina ngokushesha Iziphepho ezinjengo-Erick azisesona isenzakalo esiyingqayizivele. Okwakuyivelakancane manje sekuvame kakhulu ngenkathi yeziphepho. Icala lika Otis ngo-2023-eyasuka esiphepho esishisayo yaya esiphepho esingu-5 phakathi nosuku-noma leso Milton ngo-2024, kokubili eMexico, kugcizelela ubukhulu boshintsho. Ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi amazinga okushisa olwandle Amazinga okushisa afudumele, ikakhulukazi abangelwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, anikeza amandla adingekayo ukuze lezi zinhlelo ziqine emahoreni ambalwa.
Erick Kwakheka phakathi no-June, ngaphezu kwenyanga ngaphambi kokwakheka kweziphepho ezivamile zalolu bukhulu eMpumalanga Pacific, lapho ngokuvamile zazizobonakala khona ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi. I-NHC (National Hurricane Centre of the USA) kanye neNational Meteorological Service of Mexico baye bagqamisa indima amanzi olwandle afudumele ngendlela engavamile y low wind shear ekuthuthukisweni kokuqhuma kwesiphepho.
Izibikezelo ezisemthethweni zabonisa lokho U-Erick wayezofinyelela esigabeni sesiphepho esikhulu ngaphambi nje kokutshala. Lesi simo ekugcineni senzeka, futhi imimoya ngesikhathi somthelela yadlula ku-220 km/h (XNUMX mph), yadala izimvula ezinamandla, iziphepho ezinamandla, kanye nobungozi bokubihlika kwenhlabathi ezindaweni ezinkulu zase-Oaxaca naseGuerrero.
Isibikezelo Sesizini sika-2025: I-Atlantic ne-Pacific ku-Alert
I-Las ama-ejensi afana ne-NOAA ne-CSU Balindele isizini esebenza kakhulu ka-2025, kokubili e-Atlantic nasePacific. Kulindeleke ukuthi e-Atlantic kube khona kuze kube 19 okuthiwa izivunguvungu naphakathi 6 no-10 iziphephoKulezi, phakathi 3 kanye no-5 angaba ngaphezulu (isigaba 3 noma ngaphezulu esikalini se-Saffir-Simpson). EPacific, inani elibalulekile nalo liyalinganiselwa, nge Iziphepho eziyi-16 kuye kwezingama-20 okungaba yiziphepho eziyingozi.
Ngokombiko wakamuva we-CSU, amathuba okuthi okungenani oyedwa isiphepho esikhulu sihlasela i-United States phakathi nesizini idlula ama-50%, idlula isilinganiso somlando. E-Caribbean, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhulu kakhulu, kufinyelela phezulu 56%.
Izici ezibalulekile: amazinga okushisa olwandle nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu
I-Las amazinga okushisa olwandle aphezulu kanye nezimo ezingathathi hlangothi ze-El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) ziwumsuka walo msebenzi owandisiwe. Ukwenyuka kwamazinga okushisa angaphezulu e-Atlantic nasePacific kuthanda ukuthuthukiswa nokuqiniswa okwengeziwe kwezinhlelo ezishisayo. Ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi, nakuba zingekho iziphepho ezengeziwe, amaphesenti alabo abafinyelela izigaba ezinkulu ayakhula.
Ongoti abanjengoBenjamín Martínez López kanye noChristian Domínguez, base-UNAM, bagcizelela ukubaluleka kokuqapha amandla agcinwe olwandle: Uma ukufudumala kukhudlwana, amandla amakhulu okondla futhi afinyelele amazinga omlando wamandla.
Amagama nezibalo zesizini
I-Las uhlu lwamagama Ngo-2025, izinhlu sezilungile kuzo zombili izitsha, futhi zizophinda zisetshenziswe njalo eminyakeni eyisithupha ngaphandle kwalapho igama liyekiswa khona. E-Atlantic, amagama anjengo-Andrea, uBarry, uChantal, noDexter azosetshenziswa, kuyilapho ePacific, e-Alvin, eBarbara, eCosme, eDalila, nase-Erick evelele. I-NOAA kanye ne-WMO baxwayisa ngokuthi uma isizini iqala ukusebenza ngendlela emangalisayo futhi amagama ephela, izinhlu ezengeziwe zizosetshenziswa.
El ukuqala kwesizini ingadukisa; eminye iminyaka iqala ngokuthula bese izala iziphepho eziningi ezinkulu, njengoba kwabonakala ngo-2004, lapho kwakheka isiphepho sokuqala ngoJulayi kodwa saphela ngeziphepho ezinamandla eziningana.
Imithelela yakamuva kanye nokuxhumana kwamazwe ngamazwe
Okuhlangenwe nakho ngeziphepho zakamuva, ezifana no-Otis, uJohn, u-Agatha noma uMilton, kuveza ukubaluleka kokuba izinhlelo zokuqapha, ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezinqubo zokuvikela. U-Erick, nakuba ekuqaleni kwaba nomthelela eMexico, wayeqashwe njalo ama-ejensi ase-US ngenxa yamandla ayo okuphazamisa amandla esifunda somkhathi.
Siyabonga ku Ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-ejensi afana ne-NHC, NOAA, kanye nezinsizakalo zezulu zaseMexico, ulwazi lugeleza ngesikhathi sangempela, okuvumela ukuba kukhishwe izexwayiso ezinembile kanye namasu ezimo eziphuthumayo okufanele ashintshwe, okuyisihluthulelo sokunciphisa izingozi kanye nomonakalo ongase ube khona.
Izifundo zivuliwe ukuqina ngokushesha kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu Bafuna ukuthuthukisa amandla okubikezela kanye nokuphendula kulezi zimo eziba yingozi nezivamile.
Ezimweni ezinjalo ezisebenzayo, iziphathimandla ziyeluleka labantu ukuze uhlale unolwazi futhi ulandele izincomo ezisemthethweni. Ukulungiselela nokuxhumana kubalulekile ukunciphisa umthelela kanye nokuvikela izimpilo kulezi zimo.