Iqembu lamazwe ngamazwe lezazi zezinkanyezi likwazile qinisekisa ngokubonakalayo okokuqala ukuthi inkanyezi ingaqhuma ngokuqhunyiswa okuphindwe kabili, into kuze kube manje ebikade icatshangwa kodwa engakaze ibonwe ngokuqondile. Insalela ehlaziyiwe, eyaziwa ngokuthi I-SNR 0509-67.5, yathwetshulwa kusetshenziswa i-European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, ihlinzeka ngezithombe ezibalulekile eziye zasetshenziselwa ukuhlonza amaphethini ahlukile abangelwa lokhu kuqhuma okukabili.
Sekuyiminyaka, ukufa kwezinye izinkanyezi bekuqondwa njengesigameko esisodwa esinodlame, kodwa idatha esanda kushicilelwa kujenali. Nature Astronomy shintsha kakhulu umbono ebesinawo kuma-supernovae athile. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-SNR 0509-67.5, a Inkinjana emhlophe eyayivele iwuqedile uphethiloli wayo, ivumele ososayensi thola okokuqala iminonjana eqondile yokuqhuma okubili okulandelanayo ezinsalela ze-supernova efanayo.
Ngokusho kwabacwaningi, lokhu kuthola kubeka ezinye zezehlakalo ezinamandla kakhulu endaweni yonke futhi ivula umnyango wokuqonda kakhudlwana ukwakheka kwezakhi ezibalulekile ekuphileni, njengensimbi. Thayipha i-Ia supernovae, njengalena ehlolwe lapha, inendima ebalulekile ekulinganiseni amabanga endaweni yonke futhi iye yasebenza njengesisekelo sokuthola isenzakalo sokusheshisa ekwandeni kwendawo yonke.
U-Priyam Das, umfundi we-PhD eNyuvesi yaseNew South Wales, ugcizelela ukuthi "Ukuqhuma okumhlophe kube yizicucu ezibalulekile zesayensi yezinkanyezi yesimanje", nakuba isizathu esiqondile sokuthi kungani ezinye zazo ziqalwa sihlala singaxazululiwe. Lokhu kuphumelela kunikeza ukukhanya kumshini oseyindida futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi, ngezinye izikhathi, ukuqhunyiswa akwenzeki lapho inkanyezi ifinyelela umkhawulo wesisindo esibucayi, kodwa kunalokho ngaphambi nangezigaba ezimbili ezihlukene.
Yile ndlela i-double stellar detonation eyenzekayo
Ngokwesiko, ochwepheshe bakuchaza lokho Thayipha i-Ia supernovae kwenzeka lapho i-dwarf emhlophe, ingxenye ye uhlelo kanambambili, imunce into evela kunkanyezi engumngane wayo yaze yadlula umkhawulo obalulekile, okubangela ukuqhuma. Kodwa-ke, ngedatha yakamuva eqoqiwe, enye i-hypothesis ithola amandla: Ungqimba lwe-helium olukhishwe enkanyezini yesibili lungase lungazinzi futhi lubangele ukuqhuma kokuqalaLeli gagasi lokuqala lokushaqeka lidluliselwa phakathi kwe-white dwarf futhi, ngesikhashana nje, libangele ukuqhuma kwesibili, okukhulu.
Isithombe esisanda kutholwa sivumele ukukhonjwa ukuba khona kwezingqimba ezihlukene ze-calcium kwinsali ye-SNR 0509-67.5, into eyayivele ibikezelwe amamodeli aphathekayo alesi simo kodwa engakaze ibonwe ngokuqondile. Lezi zingqimba, zibonwa njenge-halo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekhanyayo, Ziwumkhondo ongenakuphikiswa wendlela yokuqhunyiswa kabiliUkusetshenziswa kwethuluzi le-MUSE (Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer) ku-VLT kube nesandla ekufinyeleleni leli zinga lemininingwane ekuqapheliseni.
Lokhu kuthola kusho ukuthi Amanye ama-white dwarfs angase aqhume ngaphambi kokufinyelela umkhawulo omkhulu we-Chandrasekhar, okusiphoqa ukuba sibuyekeze izinkolelo-mbono zokuziphendukela kwezinkanyezi nokuphila kwalezi zinto ezihlangene.
Kungani lokhu kuqhuma kubaluleke kangaka
Izenzakalo zokuqhunyiswa okuphindwe kabili ku-Type Ia supernovae azisizi nje kuphela ukucacisa umjikelezo wokuphila wezinkanyezi, kodwa futhi ziyisisekelo isilinganiso samabanga ezinkanyeziUkujwayela okukhanya ngakho lokhu kuqhuma, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzeka kuphi, kukwenza kube uhlobo oluthile iphethini yereferensi ukubala isikali somkhathi. Ngenxa yabo, kwaba nokwenzeka ukunquma ukuthi ukwanda kwe-cosmic kuyashesha kunalokho okwakucatshangwa ngaphambili, futhi le mpumelelo yaqashelwa Umklomelo weNobel kuPhysics ngo-2011.
Ucwaningo luphinde lugqamise ukubaluleka okukhulu kokubonwayo nesayensi kwesakhiwo semfucumfucu ebhekiwe. Ukuhlelwa kwezingqimba eziphelele zezinto ezidalwe ukuqhuma kuwukubonakaliswa okuqondile kwenkimbinkimbi yalezi zenzakalo ze-cosmic, okunikeza izazi zezinkanyezi ithuba eliyingqayizivele lokuhlaziya inqubo yokuqhuma kusukela ezinyathelweni zayo zakuqala kuya ekuhlakazweni kokugcina kwezinto.
Ukuqonda ukuthi ama-dwarfs amhlophe aqhuma kanjani futhi nini ekugcineni kusivumela ukuthi sicwengisise amathuluzi esiwasebenzisela ukuphenya ukwakheka komthala kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwezinto ezisindayo kuyo yonke i-cosmos.
Ukuthola ubufakazi obubonakalayo obuqondile ku-SNR 0509-67.5 esele imele ukuqinisekiswa okuqinile kokuthi ukuqhunyiswa okuphindwe kabili akunakwenzeka kuphela, kodwa empeleni kwenzeka emvelweni. Lokhu kusiza ukuxazulula enye yezindida eqhubekayo ku-astrophysics yesimanje futhi kugqamisa umthelela wentuthuko yobuchwepheshe—njengokusetshenziswa kwe-VLT kanye ne-MUSE spectrograph—ekuqondeni kwethu indawo yonke.
Lokhu kutholwa kuphawula inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ekuqondeni kwethu lezi zenzakalo futhi, ngokuzayo, kuzothuthukisa ukulingisa namamodeli achaza i-stellar evolution kanye nokuqhuma okukhulu kakhulu.
