I-Northern Lights ingenye yezibuko ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu imvelo esinika yona. Lezi zenzakalo ezikhanyayo, ezibhekwa ezindaweni ezipholile, ziye zathakazelisa isintu amakhulu eminyaka. Ukuvela kwabo esibhakabhakeni ebusuku kube yindaba yezinganekwane nezinganekwane, kodwa namuhla siyazi ukuthi banencazelo yesayensi esekelwe ekusebenzelaneni komoya welanga nensimu kazibuthe yomhlaba.
Amandla kazibuthe oMhlaba adlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni ama-auroras. Isebenza njenge-a isivikelo ephambukisa izinhlayiya ezigcwele amandla ezivela emoyeni welanga, okuvumela ezinye zazo ukuba zifinyelele emkhathini futhi zikhiqize imibukiso yokukhanya emangalisayo. Kuso sonke lesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi izibani zasenyakatho zakha kanjani, indima kazibuthe edlalayo kule nqubo, nokuthi yiziphi izici ezingathonya amandla nombala wazo. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nendlela yokuhlela uhambo oluya kulezi zimangaliso zemvelo, ungabonisana Ungaluhlela kanjani uhambo oluya eNyakatho Lights.
Iyini inkambu kazibuthe yomhlaba?
El Amandla kazibuthe omhlaba Kungamandla angabonakali azungeza iplanethi yethu, akhiqizwa ukunyakaza kwezinsimbi ezincibilikisiwe enkabeni yoMhlaba. Le nsimu isuka enkabeni iye emkhathini, yakha isifunda esaziwa ngokuthi yi- i-magnetosphere. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukusivikela emoyeni welanga kanye nemisebe ye-cosmic.
Lo mkhakha ufana neka-a uzibuthe omkhulu, enozibuthe enyakatho naseningizimu, nakuba lezi zingahambelani ncamashi nezigxobo zokuma kwezwe. Kuwo wonke umlando womhlaba, izigxobo kazibuthe ziye zashintsha indawo futhi zabuyela emuva izikhathi eziningana. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezimo ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene nomoya welanga, ungafunda mayelana umoya welanga.
Umoya welanga kanye nomthelela wawo kumagnetosphere
El umoya welanga Ukugeleza okuqhubekayo kwezinhlayiya zikagesi eziphuma eLangeni. Lezi zinhlayiya, ezakhiwe ikakhulukazi ama-electron nama-proton, zihamba ngesivinini esikhulu emkhathini futhi, lapho zifika eMhlabeni, zixhumana ne-magnetosphere.
Lapho umoya welanga ufinyelela kumagnetosphere, izinhlayiya zawo eziningi ziyaphambuka, kodwa ezinye ziyakwazi ukungena ezifundeni eziseduze nezigxobo kazibuthe. Lapho, ayashesha futhi aqondiswe emkhathini, lapho ashayisana khona nama-molecule e-oksijini ne-nitrogen, adedele. amandla ngendlela yokukhanya. Lokhu kusebenzisana kunesibopho sokubonakala kwezibani ezisenyakatho enyakatho nenkabazwe kanye nezibani eziseningizimu eningizimu nenkabazwe. Ukwengeza, ungahlola ukuthi i-Northern Lights yakheka kanjani ngokuningiliziwe kokuthi Lesi sihloko.
Indlela I-Northern Lights Form
Ama-Aurora akhiqizwa lapho izinhlayiya zomoya welanga zishayisana namagesi akhona umkhathi, ungqimba lomkhathi woMhlaba ophakathi kwamakhilomitha angama-80 no-600 ukuphakama. Kule nqubo, umoya-mpilo nama-athomu e-nitrogen amunca amandla futhi uyikhulule ngendlela yama-photon, okungukuthi, ukukhanya okubonakalayo.
Ubude lapho lokhu kushayisana kwenzeka khona kunquma umbala we-aurora:
- Luhlaza: Kwenzeka lapho ama-athomu e-oksijini ekhipha ukukhanya ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingaba ngu-100-300 km.
- Bomvu: Ibonakala ezindaweni eziphakeme (ngaphezu kuka-240 km) futhi akuvamile ukuyibuka.
- Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokunsomi: Zibangelwa i-nitrogen futhi ngokuvamile zivela ezingxenyeni ezingezansi ze-aurora.
Izinto ezithonya ukushuba kwe-auroras
Umsebenzi we-Auroral uhlobene ngqo ne- amandla omoya welanga kanye nokuxhumana nensimu kazibuthe Yomhlaba. Ezinye izici ezingaba nomthelela ekubonakaleni kwakho zihlanganisa:
- Iziphepho zelanga: Lapho iLanga likhipha ama-coronal mass ejections, inani lezinhlayiya ezifika eMhlabeni liyakhula, liqinise ama-aurora. Muva nje, kube khona a isiphepho selanga esidliwa ngabantu okwakunomthelela ophawulekayo kumagnetosphere.
- Indawo yensimu kazibuthe: Ukutsheka nokuguquguquka kwendawo kazibuthe kungabangela ukuthi ama-aurora abonakale ezindaweni eziphansi kunokuvamile.
- Ukungcoliswa kokukhanya: Ukuze ubuke ama-aurora ngendlela emangalisa kakhulu, kuyancomeka ukuthi uqhelelane namadolobha futhi ufune isibhakabhaka esimnyama.
Kuphi futhi nini ukubona izibani Northern?
Izibani ezisenyakatho zivame kakhulu ezifundeni eziseduze ne-Arctic Circle. Ezinye zezindawo ezinhle kakhulu ongazibheka zihlanganisa:
- I-Iceland: Indawo yayo kanye nokungcoliswa kokukhanya okuphansi kuyenza ibe indawo ekahle yokubona i-aurora.
- I-Norway: Ikakhulukazi eTromsø naseLofoten Islands, lapho ungajabulela khona ukubukwa okumangalisayo. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne- izibani ezisenyakatho e-norway.
- I-Canada ne-Alaska: Ezindaweni ezifana ne-Yukon ne-Fairbanks, lapho zivame khona.
- I-Finland ne-Sweden: I-Lapland ingesinye sezifunda ezingcono kakhulu zaseYurophu ukujabulela lesi simo.
Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuzibona kusebusika, phakathi kukaSepthemba no-April, lapho ubusuku bude futhi bumnyama.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana ne-Northern Lights
Ngaphezu kobuhle bayo obumangalisayo, i-Northern Lights ibe yisihloko sophenyo lwesayensi oluningi kanye nezinganekwane zamasiko:
- Ngezinganekwane zamaNorse, I-Auroras yayihlotshaniswa nokukhanya okuvezwe ezimpahleni zempi ze-Valkyries.
- Osomkhathi babone ama-aurora kusukela ku-International Space Station, ekhombisa ukufinyelela kwayo emkhathini.
- I-Auroras itholiwe kwamanye amaplanethi esimiso sonozungezilanga, njengeJupiter neSaturn, okusikisela ukuthi lezi zenzakalo azikho eMhlabeni kuphela. Ukuze uthole amaqiniso athakazelisayo, bheka Lesi sihloko mayelana nelukuluku.
Amandla kazibuthe oMhlaba kanye nomoya welanga zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zenze umbukwane ohlaba umxhwele kakhulu wemvelo: Izibani ZaseNyakatho. Ukuqonda ukwakheka kwabo kusivumela ukuthi singagcini nje ngokubonga ubuhle babo, kodwa futhi siqonde kangcono izenzakalo ezenzeka emhlabeni wethu nasemkhathini. Uma unethuba lokuvakashela i-latitude eseduze ne-polar ngesikhathi esifanele, ukufakaza i-aurora ephilayo kuyoba okuhlangenwe nakho engingasoze ngakukhohlwa.
