Uma sikhuluma ngokujula kwesihogo kwiplanethi yethu sikhuluma ngephuzu elisondele kakhulu enkabeni yomhlaba. Kulokhu, noma kungelona iphuzu elisondele kakhulu, liyindawo ejulile erekhodwe cishe ngamamitha ayi-11.000 ukujula. Sikhuluma nge UMariana Trench. Umuntu ukwazile ukufinyelela cishe ekugcineni kwalawa mathuna, kepha akukaze kufike ngokuphelele.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana neMariana Trench kanye nezifiso zayo.
Indawo esihogweni
Kubo bonke ubude nobubanzi bomhlaba wethu kunezinto eziningi ezisabalele emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa-ke, i-Mariana Trench isiphenduke indawo ejulile emhlabeni. Lapha sinengcindezi ye-atmosphere engaphezu kuka-1000, izinga lokushisa elingu-4 degrees nje, nobumnyama obuphelele. Njengoba ijule kangaka, ukukhanya kwelanga akufiki lapha. Kubukeka njengesihogo saseDantesque kakhulu esingasicabanga futhi sibizwa ngokuthi isikhungo seplanethi noma isihogo. Nakuba ingaphakathi ekujuleni kweplanethi, singathola ukuphila. Inesimo secrescent futhi itholakala empumalanga yeziQhingi zaseMariana ePhilippines.
Indawo ejulile emhlabeni itholakala kulo mgodi, yize kungesona esiseduze kakhulu nesikhungo sayo ngenxa yokungajwayelekile kwe-geoid yethu. Inokujula okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-11.000 ngaphansi kobuso bomhlaba. Uma sifaka i-Mount Everest phakathi kwayo, isazoba amamitha ambalwa ukusuka lapho ifinyelela phezulu. Kulo mbhede, abantu benze uphenyo oluningi mayelana imisele yolwandle. Eyokuqala yazo yayingo-1960. Lapha i-Aguste Piccard edumile, kanye noDon Walsh, yafinyelela ekujuleni okungamamitha ayi-10.911. Kamuva ngo-2012, umenzi wefilimu uJames Cameron wakwazi ukwehla wafinyelela kumamitha ayi-10.908. Irekhodi labekwa uVictor Vescovo, owafinyelela ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-10.928. Umbono wale ndoda wawudumaza kakhulu. Futhi wayekwazi ukubona izinsalela zokungcola komuntu ngisho nasekujuleni kolwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki kuyindaba ethinta izilwandle eziningi emhlabeni.
Kulo mgodi kunenqwaba yokungcola kwepulasitiki, futhi yize kuyindawo ejulile emhlabeni, eyisimo esinyumba futhi esicishe sibe ngohlangothi, ukungcola kukhona lapha.
Okuhlala eMfuleni waseMariana
Uhambo oluya ezansi koMsele WaseMariana lufana nohambo lokuya endaweni yokuba wedwa kakhulu. Yize sikhululekile ekubeni khona komuntu kulawa mazulu, asisodwa. Yize zimbalwa izidalwa ezikwaziyo ukusinda kulezi zimo ezimbi kakhulu, kukhona ezinye ezikwenzayo. Ngo-2011 kwatholakala ukuthi ezansi kwalasha kwakukhona izidalwa ezithile ezingavumelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi yizinto eziphilayo ezifana nezipanji zasolwandle nezinye izilwane lapho uthi nhlá.
Ukuze usinde kulezi zindawo, okunye ukuguquguquka okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kokuziphendukela kwemvelo kuyadingeka. Ziyizilwanyana ezincane ezihlelwe ngezakhiwo mbumbulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi banamaqembu athile ahleliwe abonakala eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho ayikho ngempela. Zikhethekile kakhulu ukuze zikwazi ukuhlala kulezi zimo cishe ezingenakwenzeka empilweni. Ngokuba nalolu hlobo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo, badlulela ngokweqile, sekuyizinto ezintekenteke kakhulu futhi alikho iqoqo elilodwa lokulifunda empilweni. Okwamanje, kubonakala njengomsebenzi ongenakwenzeka ukukwazi ukutadisha lezi zilwane ziphila ngendlela ephumelelayo.
Okuningi esikwaziyo ngalezi zinambuzane kuhlobene nezihlobo ezaziwa ngeXenophyophorea. Kuyikilasi lama-protists, okuyizinto eziphilayo ezi-unicellular ezihlanganisa ama-amoeba. Lawa ma-xenophyophores yizilwane ezisakazeke kakhulu olwandle ekujuleni okungaphezulu kwamamitha ayi-6.000. Kuleli klasi lama-protists, sithola izilwane okunzima kakhulu ukuzibamba futhi eziseyimpicabadala ezicini eziningi. Ngokocwaningo oluthile, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle ziqagela ngendima eziyidlalayo emjikelezweni wenhlabathi, ulwazi ongaluthola
Ngenxa yobuningi balezi zilwane, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle zizama ukuqagela umsebenzi owenziwa yilezi zilwane. Kucatshangwa ukuthi bangase babe nakho indima ebalulekile emjikelezweni wezidalwa ezihlala phansi. Ngaphezu kwama-xenophyophores, sithola ama-microorganisms athile ahlala olwandle. Kunzima ukuthola amasampula alezi zinambuzane ngoba azikwazi ukumelana noshintsho olunjalo lwesimo semvelo. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zindawo ezizungezile zinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kangaka zasolwandle, kunzima ngazo ukuzivumelanisa nezinye.
Izinhlobo zeMariana Trench
Uma sijula kancane sathola izinhlanzi ezijulile phakathi kwazo sathola ezinye zinezicubu ze-gelatinous. Lesi sicubu sixega kakhulu futhi siyacaba lapho ingcindezi nezinga lokushisa lingesilo lelo laseMariana Trench lapho behlala khona. Ezinye zezilwane ezihlala kulezi zindawo ezijulile zenza le ndawo ibonakale inesizungu ngendlela emangalisayo naphezu kokuba khona kwazo.
Ngokungafani namanye ama-inversions ajulile ku-Mariana Trench, awekho ama-bioturbations abonwayo. I-bioturbation ayilutho ngaphandle kokulungiswa okuthile endaweni okwenziwe isenzo sezilwane. Isibonelo, sithola ama-bioturbations okubangelwa izikelemu noma amakhukhamba olwandle angalolonga indawo ngomsebenzi wawo webhayoloji. Izilwane ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezihlala ekujuleni okungamamitha angaba ngu-8.000 XNUMX ama-amphipod, okuyizilwane ezibukeka njenge-llamas futhi ziyingxenye yeqembu lama-crustaceans. Uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngempilo ekujuleni kolwandle, ungabonisana Lesi sihloko.
Ezinye izinhlobo zama-cephalopods afana nama-squid okuthiwa ama-squid amakhulu angafinyelela kulokhu kujula. Akukaziwa ngokuqinisekile, kepha yizilwane eziguqulelwe ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Lapho sesingene sajula kakhulu, sathola ama-cnidarians, afaka i-jellyfish nama-hydra. Sithole nezinye izinhlanzi ezinamazinyo, izinhlanzi ezingaboni, amanye ama-crustaceans anemilenze emide, namakhukhamba asolwandle abukeka angajwayelekile.
Phakathi kwendawo yehadal kanye nexwayiso etholakala ekujuleni phakathi kwamamitha ayi-4.000 kuya kwizi-6.000 sinezilwane ezithile ezinokubonakala kwabafokazi. Nazi izimpawu ezesabisa kakhulu zemvelo yethu.