I-NASA Esengcupheni: Ukuguquka Kwesimo Sezulu kanye Nemiphumela Yayo Elimazayo, njengoba kushiwo kuwebhusayithi Yesikhungo. Imiphumela yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu ithinta ngqo ingqalasizinda ehlukahlukene ebalulekile, kuqala ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle, okubeka engcupheni ulwandle. John F. Kennedy Space Centre kusuka eCape Canaveral eFlorida. Lesi sikhungo asibalulekile nje kuphela emishinini yasemkhathini, kodwa futhi sinezindawo eziningi zokuqalisa kanye nezakhiwo lapho osomkhathi beziqeqesha khona.
Ukuba seduze kwalesi sikhungo ogwini lwe-Atlantic Ocean kudinga ukuthi i-ejensi iqinisekise ukuphepha kwezindawo zokuhlala ezisemadolobheni. Ukubhekana nalolu songo, kuye kwahlongozwa izixazululo, njengokwakhiwa kwedamu kanye nokuthuthwa kwezindawo zokugcina izimpahla kanye namalabhorethri endaweni ephakeme futhi kude nolwandle.
Imiphumela yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke iya ngokuya iba sobala, futhi inkomba ecacile yalokhu yi ukukhuphuka okusheshayo kwezinga lolwandle eminyakeni yakamuva. Kusukela ngo-1880, kuye kwaba nokwanda Amasentimitha angama-20, futhi izilinganiso zibonisa ukuthi lokhu kuthambekela kuzoqhubeka ngenxa yokwenyuka kwamazinga okushisa embulungeni yonke, okubangela ukuba izinguzunga zeqhwa namaqhwa eziqongweni zincibilike, ngaleyo ndlela kube nengxenye ekukhuphukeni kwamanzi olwandle.
Lokhu akuyona nje inkinga yendawo; kuthinta umhlaba wonke, kuhlanganise ne-NASA. Iziphepho ezishisayo neziphepho zidale umonakalo omkhulu ezikhungweni ze-ejensi. Ukuze kuncishiswe le miphumela, onjiniyela e-John F. Kennedy Space Centre basebenzise uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokuvikela, ezifana nokudala izindunduma zesihlabathi nezindawo ezimilayo ezisebenza njengezithiyo ngokumelene namagagasi aphezulu. Nokho, lesi akusona isixazululo sesikhathi eside; Ukwanda kwenani labantu abangasogwini kunomthelela ekwenzeni buthaka kwezwe, okudinga izinhlelo ezisimeme zokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Eqinisweni, i- ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwemiphakathi yasogwini Kuyindaba edinga ukunakwa kulo mongo.
Ngaphakathi kwalo mongo, i-NASA yenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ngokwale nhlangano, ngenxa yokubhekwa kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu, ososayensi bakwazile ukuqoqa ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezinhlelo ezixhumene zoMhlaba. Kusukela ekuhlolweni kwesathelayithi nokuhamba emoyeni kuya ocwaningweni lwesiteshi sasemkhathini, le datha i okuyisisekelo ukuqonda ukuvela kwesimo sezulu seplanethi yethu.
I-NASA, ngenhloso yokunika amandla ososayensi nabathatha izinqumo, igcizelele ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa idatha ethembekile ukubhekana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Umqondisi weNASA uBill Nelson uthe, "I-NASA izibophezele ekunikezeni amandla ososayensi, abathatha izinqumo kanye nomhlaba wonke ukuthi benze izinqumo eziqhutshwa idatha uma kukhulunywa ngesimo sezulu." Ukuxazulula le nkinga, umuntu kufanele acabangele nokuthi kanjani ukujwayela kwezinhlobo zezitshalo kungaba nomthelela ekuqineni kwezinhlelo zemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokufudumala komhlaba ukubhekana nalezi zinselele ngempumelelo.
Ngalolu phenyo, kuye kwaboniswa ngokungananazi ukuthi uMhlaba unjalo ukufudumala ngezinga elingakaze libonwe, nokuthi imisebenzi yabantu iyimbangela eyinhloko yalokhu kuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ukushiswa kwezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi kukhulise kakhulu ukugcwala kwamagesi abamba ukushisa, njenge-carbon dioxide (CO2), okuyizona ezibhekene nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke esinakho njengamanje.
Ukushiswa kwezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi iye yandisa ukugcwala kwe-carbon dioxide emkhathini, ngaleyo ndlela ibe nomthelela ekushiseni komhlaba, okubamba ukushisa koMhlaba. Lesi simo siholele ekulahlekeni kweqhwa olwandle, ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa, ukukhuphuka kwamazinga olwandle kanye amagagasi okushisa aqine kakhulu. Ososayensi balindele ukuthi uma lo mkhuba uqhubeka, umonakalo omkhulu wesimo sezulu uzokwanda futhi ushube ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngalo mqondo, izifundo ziqhubeka amadolobha asengozini yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke ziyethusa futhi kufanele zibhekwe ekuhleleni okuzayo.
I-Los amadola ocwaningo lwesimo sezulu baye basiza i-NASA ukuba yenze impendulo efanele kulesi simo. Ubuchwepheshe obusha senziwe futhi izindlela zocwaningo, ezihlomisa ososayensi ngamathuluzi abalulekile okubhekana nale nselele yomhlaba wonke. Ngokubheka isithombe esikhulu, abacwaningi baye bakwazi ukuhlonza amaphethini esimo sezulu esishintshayo futhi basebenzise lolu lwazi ekuthuthukiseni amasu okunciphisa nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Lokhu kubandakanya amasu amasha kwingqalasizinda, njengoba kufakazelwe lokho ukutshala imali engqalasizinda eluhlaza kuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka.
Ukwandiswa komuntu komphumela we-greenhouse akuthinti nje imvelo, kodwa futhi kumelela inselele ezomnotho nezenhlalo. Mayelana nalokhu, i-NASA igcizelele ukubaluleka kokubambisana komhlaba wonke ukulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Imizamo kumele ididiyelwe emazweni ngamazwe ukuze kwabelwane ngobuchwepheshe, ulwazi, nezinsiza ezivumela impendulo ehambisanayo nenempumelelo. Isici esibalulekile ukuthi izizwe kufanele zibhekane kanjani nezinkinga ezifana nalezi imiphumela yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu ezinsizeni zemvelo. Ngokufanayo, izifundo ziyaqhubeka izikhukhula emhlabeni jikelele zibalulekile ekuhleleni amasu okuqina.
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungenye yezinselelo ezinkulu ezibhekene nesintu ekhulwini lama-21, futhi ukuzibophezela kweNASA kubalulekile ekubhekaneni nalesi simo. Ucwaningo nobuchwepheshe obuthuthukiswe yile nhlangano kubalulekile ekuqondeni nasekulweni nokufudumala komhlaba, okuvumela izinqumo ezinolwazi ezizozuzisa izizukulwane ezizayo.
- I-NASA ibhekene nezingozi zokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, ikakhulukazi nengqalasizinda yayo.
- Ukukhuphuka kwamazinga olwandle kanye nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu kunomthelela ezikhungweni ze-NASA.
- Ucwaningo lwe-NASA lubalulekile ekubhekaneni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ngokusekelwe kudatha eqinile. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngakho, vakashela Izithombe ze-NASA zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
- Kudingeka imizamo yomhlaba wonke ukulwa nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu ngokusebenzisana kwamazwe ngamazwe. Ungakwazi ukujula kulesi sici Iqhaza lehlathi le-boreal ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu.
