Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinambuzane ezikwazi ukuziphindaphinda ngejubane elikhulu. Eziningi zazo zinamandla okuba izinambuzane ezingadala umonakalo omkhulu emvelweni futhi zidale izinkinga kubantu. Enye yazo yi- isifo senkumbi. Ngenye yezingozi ezilimaza kakhulu nezesabisayo kwezolimo emhlabeni. Futhi ukuthi bangakwazi ukumboza amakhilomitha ayikhulu ngosuku bese besula zonke izitshalo abadlula kuzo.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nenhlupho yesikhonyane kanye nokulawulwa kwazo okungenzeka kube khona.
Izici eziyinhloko
Uhlupho lwesikhonyane seluphenduke ingozi ekuvikelekeni kokudla emazweni amaningi aseNingizimu. Kuwo wonke umlando, izinhlupho zesikhonyane ziye zabangela indlala enkulu, futhi ukuqothulwa kwazo ngokuphelele kusekude ukuba ngokoqobo. Ngenxa ye ijubane abahamba ngalo nenani labantu abakhona, ingasaphathwa eyokukhiqiza kabusha, benze ukuphathwa kwabo nokulawula kube nzima.
Kube nomthelela omkhulu emsebenzini wezolimo ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka futhi kungalawuleka ngokuphumelelayo ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo ezithile zezombangazwe nezesayensi kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho aqala khona ukunciphisa umonakalo odalwe yilo bhadane lwezinambuzane. Isiphenduke esinye sezinambuzane ezilimaza kakhulu imisebenzi yezolimo. Bangathutha amabanga amade futhi babhubhise izindawo ezikhulayo befuna ukudla.. Bahamba ngejubane elikhulu ngezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha abahambe ngokunethezeka okukhulu.
Isimo esikhona manje sohlupho lwesikhonyane ezindaweni ezahlukene emhlabeni sicwaningwa ngabacwaningi bamanyuvesi ahlukene. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuziphatha kwabo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze ubikezele ukufuduka kwabo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zesikhonyane, kodwa esibhubhisa kakhulu yilesi ISchistocerca gregaria. Lolu hlobo kuthinta amazwe angaphezu kwama-50, ezinye zazo zisathuthukiswa. Amanye amazwe ahlaselwe ukuhlaselwa yisikhonyane yilawo angenakho ukuthola izinsiza ezanele zokubhekana nomonakalo odalekile.
Ukuziphatha kanye ne-biology yokutheleka kwesikhonyane
Ama-lobster izinambuzane ezingaphansi kwe-Orthoptera oda emndenini we-Acrididae. Lo mndeni ufakiwe izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezinhlanu ezaziwayo zazo ezingamakhulu ambalwa zazo yilezo ezidala umonakalo futhi ezingaba amashumi amabili kuphela zazo ezidala umonakalo omkhulu. Iningi lazo zonke lezi zinhlobo ziyizifuduko futhi zingahambisa amabanga amade zidala izinambuzane.
Uhlupho lwesikhonyane luwukugqashuka okukhulu kwezinambuzane ezithile ezenzeka lapho indawo ezihlala kuyo ishintsha, futhi zisuka esigabeni sodwa ziye esigabeni sokubuthana. Isigaba sodwa sama-lobster sihambisana nendawo azalela kuyo. Zivame ukwenzeka ngenkathi yemvula nalapho ukudla kungahlinzekwa. Ubhadane lwesikhonyane lwadalulwa lapho kuqala inkathi yokoma futhi ukudla kuyindlala. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho izinambuzane ziba nengcindezi bese ziqala ukuguqula ngokomzimba, ziguqule usayizi wazo, umbala nokuma kwazo bese ziqala ukuthuthela kwezinye izingosi zifuna ukudla.
Kulapho ziba izilwane ezikhuthele futhi ziqala ukudala umonakalo noma kuphi lapho ziya khona. Ukunyakaza kwabo kalula kwenza kube nzima ukulawula ukuhlasela kwemvelo ehlukahlukene yezolimo. Akuzona zonke izinambuzane ezifanayo, kodwa lapho zibekela amaqanda ekwindla, ahlala elele ubusika bonke futhi achanyuselwa entwasahlobo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esiphakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-40 kuya kwezingu-90, ukuvundiswa kanye nokubekela amaqanda kwenzeka. Yilapho abantu abadala beluma futhi umjikelezo wezinto eziphilayo uqala futhi.
Ukuzalelwa kweqanda ngalinye kuphenduka ama-lobster ayi-100. Kubaliwe ukuthi kwezinye izikhathi bangafinyelela kumakhophi ayizigidi ezingama-30.000.
Ukuhlasela kwesikhonyane
Sikhulume ukuthi kuyisifo esikwazi ukumboza amakhilomitha-skwele angaba yizigidi ezingama-30. I- ISchistocerca gregaria Yisilokazane esilimaza kakhulu emhlabeni wonke futhi sinezizukulwane ezimbalwa ngonyaka. Iziswebezane zingahlasela izindawo lokho ikhava amakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi ezingama-30. Njengamanje, zithinta kakhulu i-Afrika kanye nayo yonke i-Southeast Asia. Bangakwazi futhi ukundiza e-Canary Islands, lapho bahlala khona izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokunyamalala.
Isihluthulelo sokuhambisa lolu hlobo lwesikhonyane ukuthola indawo efanele yokuhlala. Uma bengayitholi, bacekela phansi yonke into abayitholayo bese bedlulela kwenye indawo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-lobster akhona kuwo wonke amazwekazi futhi izinambuzane ziqubuka cishe njalo eminyakeni engama-3-4. Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu enocwaningo olubhalwe kahle nolwazi, kuyaziwa ukuthi kuze kube manje akukaze kube khona ama-insecticide njengendlela yokubhubhisa ngokuphelele.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ukuhlaselwa yisikhonyane kwenzeka nini. Uma izindawo lapho lezi zilwane ziqala ukusabalala ziqala ukulawulwa khona, lesi sifo singaxolisa futhi silawulwe. Isibonelo, eSpain izinhlobo ezimbili zaziwa ngokuhlasela amasimu ezitshalo futhi zihlala zivela ngezikhathi ezilandelanayo. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho izinambuzane ezigunyaziwe ze-phytosanitary ziqala ukusetshenziselwa ukulawula kwazo.
Izinambuzane eSpain
Kufanele futhi kushiwo ukuthi izinhlupho zesikhonyane ezweni lethu akuyona inkinga enkulu kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izinsizakalo zezolimo eSpain ziphethe ukulawula izinambuzane kahle futhi zazi ukuthi lezi zinambuzane zizoguquka kuphi lapho zisuka esigabeni sodwa zaya esigabeni sobudlelwano. Yilapho kulula khona ukubabulala emthonjeni wabo.
Abacwaningi abaningana bathi ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kungashintsha imikhuba yokuphila futhi kuyishintshe iye ezindaweni lapho ngaphambili bezingadalanga izinkinga ezinkulu. Ngisho, lokhu kusengaba kubi nakakhulu.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngesifo senkumbi nezici zaso.