Ukuhlukahluka kwamaphaneli elanga kanye nokuphehlwa kwawo kukagesi unyaka wonke kuthonywa amazinga ahlukene okukhishwa kwemisebe yelanga atholwa phakathi nesizini ngayinye. Ukwengeza, ubukhulu nokuma kwephaneli yelanga kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza kwayo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela Ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi we-solar kuhluka kanjani unyaka wonke nokuthi yiziphi izici okufanele uzicabangele.
Ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi we-solar kuhluka kanjani unyaka wonke
Kuwo wonke unyaka, izici ezihlukahlukene ziqala ukusebenza ezingaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni nokukhiqizwa kagesi kwama-solar panel. Uma kuziwa ekukhiqizweni kukagesi ngamaphaneli elanga, Izici eziningi zingathonya inani lamandla eziwakhiqizayo. Nokho, lezi yizigaba zezinto:
- Inani lemisebe yelanga endaweni ethile
- Ukuma kophahla noma indawo lapho amaphaneli efakwe khona
- Ukuba khona kwethunzi ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka
- Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile elitholakala endaweni.
Yiziphi izici ezithile zephaneli yelanga ezithinta ikhono layo lokukhiqiza ugesi?
Lapho kunqunywa amandla okukhipha amandla ephaneli yelanga, into eyinhloko okufanele icatshangelwe ama-watts ayo aphezulu kakhulu (i-Wp), emele inani elikhulu lamandla elingawakhiqiza.
Isilinganiso esiphezulu somkhiqizi sisho ukugeleza okungaphazamiseki kwamanje (DC) ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Inqubo yokwenza lokhu kuhlola imi kanje:
- Kukhona ukungena kwamamegajoule angu-1000 emisebe yelanga ngemitha yesikwele,
- Kukhona izinga lokushisa lomoya elingu-25ºC.
La aparición de estas condiciones precisas no es un fenómeno cotidiano durante todo el año, por lo que es necesario considerar la presencia de un elemento climático fuera de nuestro control. No obstante, el formato estandarizado proporcionado por el PVGIS de la Comisión Europea sigue siendo aplicable en todos los casos.
Ukwakhiwa kwamapaneli elanga kuhilela ukuhlanganiswa kwamaseli amaningi e-photovoltaic. Ngokuqondene namaphaneli elanga okuhlala kuwo njengamanje asemakethe ngo-2021, anesilinganiso samandla esiphakathi kuka-350 no-455 Wp (i-watts peak) kanye Akhiwe cishe amaseli e-photovoltaic angama-66 kuya kwangu-96. Ukwengeza, inketho enkulu iyatholakala engakhipha ukuphakama kwama-watts angama-500.
Ngokwemvelo, izinga likagesi elikhiqizwa iphaneli yelanga lilingana ngokuqondile ne-voltage eshiwo umenzi. Ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngamaphaneli elanga kungaphansi kokuhlukahluka kwesizini unyaka wonke.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izifundazwe Awawatholi amanani alinganayo emisebe yelanga, futhi okufanayo kuya ngokuhlukahluka kwezinkathi zonyaka ngaphakathi kwalezi zifundazwe.. Ngakho-ke, kufanele sicabange ukuthi ukukhiqiza kwayo kuyahluka phakathi kwehlobo nobusika.
Kunini lapho amaphaneli elanga aqala khona inqubo yokukhiqiza amandla?
Kusukela lapho kuvela imisebe yelanga yokuqala, amaphaneli elanga aqala ukukhiqiza amandla. Kodwa-ke, inani lamandla akhiqizwayo liyashintshashintsha usuku lonke futhi lifinyelele umvuthwandaba emini, lapho ilanga lifinyelela emvuthwandaba walo. Nakuba kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amandla nawo akhiqizwa ekuseni nantambama, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuqina Imisebe yelanga iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuma kwelanga esibhakabhakeni, okuthinta ukukhiqizwa kwesistimu yethu ye-photovoltaic.
Uma ucubungula ukufakwa kwama-solar panels e-photovoltaic, okunye kokungabaza kokuqala okuvela inani lelanga elitholwa yiSpain. Ngenhlanhla, iSpain inokukhanya kwelanga okuningana unyaka ngamunye, okuyenza ibe indawo ekahle yokusebenzisa amandla elanga. Ngokwesilinganiso, izwe lethu lihlangabezana nebanga lamahora angu-2200 kuya kwangu-3000 okukhanya kwelanga ngonyaka, kuye ngokuzimela okukhethekile komphakathi ngamunye. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukutholakala okwanele kwemisebe yelanga, ukuqinisa amandla elanga njengotshalomali olunenzuzo nokwethembeka.
ESpain, amahora aphakeme kakhulu emisebe yelanga ngokuvamile aqondana nemini nantambama. Lapho ehlola izifunda zase-Andalusia naseMurcia, ezisengxenyeni eseningizimu yezwe, umuntu angabona izimo ezikahle zokusebenzisa amandla elanga. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zimo zingahluka kuye ngokuthi isikhathi sonyaka.
Ukusatshalaliswa kokukhiqizwa kwelanga ngenyanga eSpain imi kanje:
- Ukukhiqizwa kwe-solar kwehla kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-March, okulandelwa ukwanda okwalandela kusukela ngo-April kuya kuJuni.
- Phakathi nezinyanga zikaJulayi no-August, ukukhiqizwa kwelanga kufinyelela phezulu, inikeza ukusebenza kwamandla okuphezulu. Njengoba ikhalenda lisondela kuSepthemba futhi liqhubeka ngoDisemba, kuba nokuncipha kancane kancane kokukhiqizwa kwelanga, okuholela ekwehleni kwenani lamandla akhiqizwayo.
Ngaphandle kokuguquguquka, amaphaneli elanga e-photovoltaic anganikeza ukusebenza okuhle unyaka wonke ezweni lethu. Nokho, ubude bamahora emini budlala indima ebalulekile ekwandiseni inzuzo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kusuka kumaphaneli elanga kuye ngokuthi umi kuphi
I-Orientation iphinde ithinte ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga. Izikhombisi-ndlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ziseningizimu nasempumalanga-ntshonalanga. Lapha sichaza zombili izimo ngokuningiliziwe.
- Vuliwe: En general,, orientar los paneles hacia el sur maximiza la captación solar, ya que recibe la mayor radiación durante todo el día, en especial en España donde la posición geográfica favorece esta orientación. Para un estudio más preciso, puedes consultar el calendario solar y determinar la mejor inclinación y orientación para tu ubicación.
- I-East-west orientation: si no puede colocar los paneles orientados al sur, una orientación este-oeste puede ser una buena opción. Los paneles orientados al este capturan la luz de la mañana, mientras que los orientados al oeste aprovechan la luz de la tarde.
Naphezu kwalezi ziqondiso, ukuqondiswa okungcono kakhulu kwamapaneli elanga kuncike ezintweni eziningana. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwenza ucwaningo lomuntu siqu ukuze uthole indlela engcono kakhulu yokufaka yendlu yakho, uqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukusebenza okuphezulu kusuka ekufakweni kwakho kwe-photovoltaic.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi we-solar kuhluka kanjani unyaka wonke.
