Namuhla sizokhuluma ngolwandle olugeza ogwini lwamazwe aseRussia naseJapan. Imayelana ne- Ulwandle Okhotsk. Itholakala enyakatho-ntshonalanga yePacific Ocean emaphethelweni aseNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Kuluwulwandle olwakhiwe ngendlela enelukuluku futhi lubalulekile kwezomnotho namuhla.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngazo zonke izici, ukwakheka nokubaluleka koLwandle lwase-Okhotsk.
Izici eziyinhloko
Ulwandle olugeza ogwini lwamazwe aseRussia naseJapan. Indawo yayo yonke ingamakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi eziyi-1.6 futhi itholakala enyakatho-ntshonalanga yePacific Ocean. Inemikhawulo echazwe yingxenye esenyakatho yogu lwaseSiberia, entshonalanga ngesiqhingi saseSakhalin, empumalanga ngo iNhlonhlo YaseKamchatka neziQhingi ZaseKuril. Ugu olusenyakatho yesiqhingi saseJapan iHokkaido ngumkhawulo oseningizimu walolu lwandle.
Ukwakheka kuye kwaba nelukuluku impela selokhu kwakhiwa eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbili edlule ngenxa yeminyaka yeqhwa elandelanayo. Ukuqandisa okuqhubekayo nokuncibilika bekukhiqiza ukugeleza okwanele emifuleni yamazwekazi ukuze kugcine kugezwa le mingcele. Ulwandle lolwandle luphansi enyakatho nasentshonalanga kodwa luthola ukujula okuthe xaxa njengoba siya eningizimu. Engxenyeni engajulile sithola izilinganiso zamamitha angama-200 kuphela. Njengoba siya engxenyeni eseningizimu sithola iphuzu elijule kakhulu eliseKuril Trench. Le ndawo ejulile cishe ingamamitha angu-2.500 XNUMX.
Ulwandle Okhotsk Kugqame ngokuba nolwandlekazi olunezici eziphakeme futhi ezinamadwala. Ngokuvamile zifana namawa anamadwala amaningi nobude. Imifula emikhulu igelezela kulezi zingu, eziwondlayo: i-Amur, i-Tugur, i-Uda, i-Okhota, i-Gizhiga ne-Penzhina. Sizokhuluma ngeyokuqala kamuva, njengoba iwumthombo oyinhloko futhi iyona enesibopho sokwengeza amanzi amaningi olwandle. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinye izilwandle emhlabeni, ungabheka uhlu lwethu izilwandle zomhlaba, phakathi kwazo kukhona uLwandle lwase-Okhotsk.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, emaphethelweni eziqhingi zaseHokkaido naseSakhalin izici ziphansi ngandlela thile. Amawa mancane futhi anamadwala amancane ngokubukeka. Lokhu kunquma ukuthi usawoti uphansi emanzini asogwini asenyakatho nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga. Ukuhamba kwemisinga yoLwandle lwase-Okhotsk kuphikisana nokuhamba kwewashi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka njengoba itholakala enyakatho Nenkabazwe. Amanzi afudumele akhithika oLwandle lwaseJapan abheke engxenyeni esenyakatho edlula eStrait of Tartary. Le Strait iphethe ukwehlukanisa uSakhalin nezwekazi.
Lawa manzi futhi adlula eStrait of the Perouse esendaweni ephakathi kweSakhalin neHokkaido. Enye ingxenye engena oLwandle lwase-Okhotsk ngamanzi asolwandle apholile aqhamuka ePacific ngemigudu yamaKuriles.
Isimo sezulu soLwandle lwase-Okhotsk
Ake sibheke ukuthi sithini isimo sezulu salolu lwandle. Kubanda kakhulu kuyo yonke i-East Asia. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, isimo sezulu nesimo sombuso oshisayo kufana kakhulu nolwandle lwase-Arctic. Okungukuthi, kunjengokuthi ulwandle olutholakala esigxotsheni esisenyakatho. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi likhona unyaka wonke. Izifunda ezitholakala ENyakatho-mpumalanga, eNyakatho naseNtshonalanga kuba nesimo sezulu esibi ebusika. Lokhu kungenxa yethonya izwekazi lase-Asia elinalo esimweni sezulu. Kakade ezinyangeni zika-Okthoba kuya ku-April sithola amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu anesilinganiso esingaphansi kuka-0 degrees. Lawa mazinga okushisa, ngokuqhubekayo futhi okuqhubekayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, enza ulwandle lube yiqhwa.
Engxenyeni eseningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga inesimo sezulu sasolwandle esimnene njengoba iseduze nolwandle iPacific. Isilinganiso semvula yaminyaka yonke singama-400 mm enyakatho, ama-700 mm entshonalanga kanye nama-1.000 mm eningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga. Yize ingxenye esenyakatho inemvula encane, izinga layo lokushisa liphansi kakhulu nolwandle luba yiqhwa.
Isici sezomnotho soLwandle lwase-Okhotsk
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, lolu lwandle alubalulekile nje kuphela ngokombono wezinto eziphilayo kodwa futhi ngokombono wezomnotho. Ake siqale sihlaziye izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zalolu lwandle. Ingolunye lwezilwandle ezikhiqiza kakhulu emhlabeni. Futhi ine-drainage yomfula esiza ukukhipha amanzi amaningi. inani lamanzi alayishwe izakhamzimba ezithanda ukwanda kwempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inokushintshana okukhulu kwemisinga yasolwandle kanye nokukhuphuka kwamanzi asolwandle ajulile alayishwe izakhamzimba futhi ayizici ezinhle ekuthuthukiseni ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo.
Izimbali zimelelwa ikakhulukazi yizinhlobo eziningi ze-algae. Lawa ma-algae anesithakazelo esihle kwezentengiso ngemikhiqizo eminingi. Ezilwaneni zalo, izimbaza, izinkalankala, ama-urchins asolwandle, phakathi kokunye, avelele. Ngokuqondene nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezohwebo, sine-herring, pollock, cod, salmon, njll. Yize incane ngokulingana, uLwandle lwase-Okhotsk luphinde luhlale nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle, kufaka phakathi imikhomo, izingonyama zolwandle nezimvu zamanzi.
Ukubanjwa kokudoba kubalulekile emnothweni waseRussia. Ukuthutha okuvamile okuxhuma amachweba asempumalanga yeRussia kwenziwa ngoLwandle lwase-Okhotsk, oludlala indima ebalulekile emnothweni wesifunda. Iqhwa elimboze lolu lwandle oluyiqhwa ebusika liyisithiyo endleleni yokuhamba olwandle, kuyilapho inkungu iyisithiyo ehlobo. Nakuba kunesithakazelo esikhulu kwezohwebo, kuyingozi ukuzulazula kulezi zindawo. Enye ingozi esingase sibhekane nayo lapho sihamba ngalolu lwandle imisinga enamandla namadwala angaphansi kwamanzi. Zingabangela ukuphuka kwezikebhe kanye nezingozi ezingafuneki kakhulu.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngoLwandle lwase-Okhotsk nezimpawu zalo.