UmNtaliyane u-Alessandro Volta wadala lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ibhethri ye-volta, intuthuko ebalulekile kwezesayensi, njengoba ngokokuqala ngqá emlandweni waguqula amandla amakhemikhali abe ugesi ngokusebenzisa inqubo emfushane yamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela ekhiqiza umsinga ozinzile. I Umlando ka-alessandro volta iqoqa isifinyezo sakho konke ukuphumelela kanye namagalelo akhe emhlabeni wesayensi kanye nobudlelwano bakhe bomuntu siqu nokuziphendukela kwemvelo kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe.
Kulesi sihloko sizogxila ekukutsheleni ngokuningiliziwe i-biography ka-Alessandro Volta namagalelo akhe amahle kakhulu kwisayensi.
Biography of Alessandro Volta
U-Alessandro Volta wayengusosayensi wase-Italy owaziwa kakhulu ngokwenza i-accumulator (eyaziwa nangokuthi iseli noma ibhethri) ngeminyaka yawo-1800s. Wazalwa ngo-February 18, 1745 emndenini ocebile yaseComo, enyakatho ye-Italy. Njengezingane zakubo ezinhlanu kweziyisishiyagalolunye, uyise ngaleso sikhathi, kanye nabanye bomalume bakhe, wayezolungiselela umsebenzi wesonto, ngakho abazali bakhe (uFilippo Volta noMaria Maddalena (abavela eConti Inzaghi)) bamthumela ekolishi lamaJesuit. ngo 1758..
Nokho, u-Alessandro Volta wayethanda kakhulu isayensi kunabefundisi, ikakhulukazi ugesi, owawungafundwa ngokuncane. Ngemva kokuphothula izifundo zakhe ngo-1760, waqhubeka nokufunda nokufunda imisebenzi yososayensi abadumile abafana noGiambatista Beccaria, uPieter van Musschenbroek, noJean-Antoine Nollet, futhi waxhumana nabo mathupha. Ikakhulukazi no-Beccaria, uprofesa eNyuvesi yaseTurin futhi omunye wezazi zefiziksi ezivelele zase-Italy. U-Beccaria uzokhuthaza uVolta ukuthi enze izivivinyo futhi ashicilele imiphumela yakhe. Ngo-1769 wayezonyathelisa incwadi yakhe yokuqala, enezela kwabacebile umlando wokuphila kososayensi abadumile.
Ngo-1774 waqokwa njengomqondisi wesikole somphakathi wedolobha lakubo, futhi ngo-1775 udumo lwakhe lwase lukhulile ngokusungulwa kwemishini ehlala njalo ye-electrophoresis - eyayizosetshenziswa maduze kulo lonke elaseYurophu, ikhiqiza futhi ikhiqize amacala e-electrostatic-, kangangokuthi waqokwa waba uprofesa wefiziksi yokuhlola eCuomo College.
Volta pistol, ukhokho we-lighter
Ngo-1776 wathola izinto ezimbalwa ngenxa yocwaningo lwakhe nge-methane evuthayo emaxhaphozini. Wakha i-"Volta pistol", lapho inhlansi kagesi ebhodleleni lengilazi idala umlilo, okungenzeka kube ngumanduleli we-lighter yethu ethandwayo. Lokhu kutholakala futhi kwamholela ekushintsheni uwoyela wesibani esikhundleni segesi ye-methane, edala lokho okubizwa ngokuthi isibani seVolta. Umsebenzi wakhe kugesi namandla uyisibonelo esihle sokuthi ucwaningo lungaholela kanjani emisha, njengaku I-biography kaMarie Curie.
Ngale miphumela, wathuthukisa isibhamu sakhe, wenza umshini wokuhlaziya umoya-mpilo osegesini, futhi wenza insimbi manje eyaziwa ngokuthi i-eudiometer. Phakathi kuka-1778 no-1819 wayenguprofesa wesayensi yokuhlola e-University of Pavia. Lapho, ngo-1783, wasungula i-electroscope ukuze alinganise amanani amancane kagesi futhi alinganise isilinganiso ngokudala iyunithi yakhe yokulinganisa, "i-voltage." Omunye angase futhi akhulume nge Umlando ka-Isaac Newton esimeni senqubekelaphambili esilinganisweni.
Izenzo Ezinhle Kakhulu ku-Alessandro Volta Biography
Ngo-1792, wafunda ngokuhlolwa kwamaxoxo yisazi se-anatomist uLuigi Galvani, owazama ukucacisa izakhiwo zikagesi ze-nerve impulses kanye. wayesefunde lolu hlelo iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10. Ngokusho kukaGalvani, izinsimbi ezimbili ezihlukene zihlangana nemisipha yexoxo noma esinye isilwane ukuze zikhiqize imisinga kagesi ngoba lezi zimpendulo zikhiqizwa imisinga kagesi ejikeleza ezithweni zesilwane. UGalvani uthe ixoxo "i-Leiden flask," i-capacitor yakudala noma idivayisi yokugcina amandla.
UVolta waqala ukwenza owakhe ukuhlola ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yozakwabo. Nokho, waphetha ngokuthi amandla kagesi awakhiwanga ngokuthintana nezilwane, kodwa kuphela ngokuthintana phakathi kwezinsimbi. Amaxoxo avele aphendule amashaji kagesi "ngokuzizwa". Ukusho kwakhe kwaholela ososayensi kulo lonke elaseYurophu ukuthi basekele iGalvani noma iVolta. UVolta wabhala okulandelayo:
Konke lokhu kuhlola akufakazeli ngokuphelele ukuthi ugesi wezilwane ukhona njengoba izitho zihlala zingasebenzi, kuyilapho izinsimbi zihlala zisebenza.
Ukuhlola kukaVolta okubonisa ukuphehlwa kukagesi phakathi kwezinsimbi kwamholela ekubeni akhe (phakathi kuka-1799 no-1800) ukusungula kwakhe okudume kakhulu nokuphumelela: "i-cylindrical Volta cell", ibhethri lokuqala elisebenzayo emlandweni. Iqukethe amapuleti ensimbi ahlanganiswe ngokwesisekelo. I-Copper ne-zinc zihlukaniswa komunye nomunye ngezindwangu ezifakwe ku-asidi (ekuqaleni amanzi noma i-brine).
Ukusungulwa kuchazwe encwadini edumile eya eRoyal Society nguSir Joseph Banks. Ngo-1791 wenziwa umlingani weRoyal Society of London kwathi ngo-1794 wathola indondo ye-Copley.
Ukubonga
Ngo-1801, uNapoleon Bonaparte wafika eParis ngemuva ebizelwa uNapoleon e-French Institute ukuze abonise intuthuko yakhe kwezesayensi kugesi. Lapho, wamangala wonke umuntu owayekhona, futhi ikomidi lososayensi abavela e-French Institute of Sciences labhala umbiko wokuhlola oncoma ukusungulwa kwenguquko "yenqwaba yeVolta." Igalelo lakhe liyanezela kwabanye ososayensi abakhulu, njengoba kuboniswe ku-.
Ngo-1802 wathola Indondo Yegolide Yokuhlonishwa e-French Academy. Ngo-1805 wakhethwa njengelungu langaphandle le-Göttingen Academy of Sciences, futhi ngo-1808 ilungu langaphandle le-Bavarian Academy of Sciences.
UNapoleon wayejabule kakhulu ngenqubekelaphambili yamaNtaliyane, ngemva nje kokusungulwa kweRiphabhulikhi yaseWestern Sardinia e-Italy, wamenza ukubala kanye nelungu lephalamende lombuso waseLombard futhi wamnika impesheni. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, ngemva kokunqotshwa kweFrance ngo-1815, uMbusi wase-Austria wammisa njengomqondisi womnyango wefilosofi eNyuvesi yasePadua. Umsebenzi wakhe wanyatheliswa emiqulwini emihlanu eFlorence ngo-1816.
Ngo-1861, uVolta wathola ukuhlonishwa okuphezulu kakhulu njengesazi sefiziksi: ngokusho kweBritish Association for the Advancement of Science, iyunithi yokulinganisa amandla kagesi yaziwa ngamazwe ngamazwe ngokuthi i-volt. Ngo-1964, i-lunar crater Volta yaqanjwa ngaye, futhi ngo-1999, i-asteroid 8208 yaqanjwa ngaye. Ngisho nasekhulwini lama-XNUMX, igama lakhe lisekhona, njengoba kushiwo encwadini. Ngokwesibonelo, emotweni kagesi "Toyota Alessandro Volta".
Umsebenzi wakhe wasinda ekushintsheni ubudlelwane bamandla: wasekela kokubili amaHabsburg aseAustria, izitha zikaNapoleon, kanye namaCorsicans ngokwawo. Wahlala emzini wakubo eCamnago, eduze kwaseComo, lapho achitha khona iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe. Washona ngo-March 5, 1827. I-mausoleum yakhe ihlotshiswe ngezithombe nemifanekiso ngesitayela sethempeli le-neoclassical, elakhiwe umakhi uMelchiorre Nosetti futhi laqedwa ngo-1831.
