Impela wake wezwa noma wabona okuthile avalanche de nieve noma amatshe. Inqwaba yamafilimu namafilimu akhombisa ukuthi izinguzunga zamaqhwa zibangela ukucekelwa phansi okukhulu, kanye nokufa kwabantu ngenxa yokungcwatshwa nokubindeka. Kulesi sihloko, sizobhekisisa ukuthi ama-avalanche akheka kanjani nokuthi iyini imiphumela yawo. Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuqukatha noma ukuvimbela lezi zenzakalo? Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngayo, qhubeka ufunda lesi sihloko ngoba sizokutshela yonke into ngokuningiliziwe.
Incazelo nezimpawu
Ngaphambi kokwazi ukuthi ingaba namiphi imiphumela noma ukuthi ingamiswa kanjani, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi yini i-avalanche. Okuvame kakhulu ukuthi yi-avalanche yeqhwa. Ingabe mayelana inqwaba yeqhwa okuthi, ngenxa yokuqongelela kwalo, ligcine liwile ezintabeni. Kuwumthambeka kanye nokunqwabelana kweqhwa okwenza iqhwa lidlisele ngenxa yesisindo salo. Singakhohlwa ukuthi amandla adonsela phansi ahlala enza into yawo, edonsela lonke lelo qhwa emazingeni aphansi kakhulu. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nalesi simo semvelo, ungafunda mayelana izici kanye nokwakheka kwama-avalanche eqhwa.
Izici eziyinhloko zama-avalchi ukugeleza okusheshayo nejubane ezihamba ngalo. Kungaba amaqhwa eqhwa, amadwala, umhlaba, iqhwa, njll. Uma sikhuluma ngodaka lwamatshe kuyisethi yamatshe emthambekeni okuthi, ngoba isimo sezulu ngokomzimba noma amakhemikhali, igcina iqhekekile futhi ngenxa yomphumela wamandla adonsela phansi akhuphukayo. Kulabo abafuna ulwazi olwengeziwe ngomthelela weqhwa, lapha ungathola amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana ilukuluku mayelana neqhwa nendawo yayo.
Kubantu abaningi kungomunye wemicimbi yemvelo ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu ukubona, kepha ngasikhathi sinye iyingozi kakhulu. Abashushuluzi abaningi bayakwazi ukwehla ekwehleni ngejubane elikhulu nangobuciko. Noma kunjalo, ijubane lapho iwa leqhwa liwela khona lishesha kakhulu. Uma isisindo seqhwa singazinzile futhi sakhiwe emthambekeni, lapho siwa, isivinini saso siyanda njengoba sehla siphezulu. Umsindo owenzayo mkhulu futhi unanela kwezinye izintaba. Lapho igcina icwila phansi lapho ithambeka lehle khona, ibangela ifu elikhulu lezinhlayiya zeqhwa ezibangelwa umthelela. Lezi zinhlayiya zeqhwa zigcina zisakazeke emoyeni zincibilike.
Izimbangela ze-avalanches
Amaqhwa eqhwa angaba nesisindo esingamathani ayisigidi. Cabanga ukuthi ushibilika ngokushelela ujabulela ukubukwa futhi i-adrenaline eyehla ngesivinini esikhulu ibanga bese uthola ukuthi uxoshwa amathani ayisigidi eqhwa. Umphumela uba muncu. Abashwibi abaningi abagcina beshaywe yi-avalanche bafa begqitshwe yiqhwa. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ubukhulu balesi simo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ngaphezu kokungcwatshwa, amathani ayisigidi afriziwe futhi aphethwe yi-hypothermia. Kodwa yini ebangela ukuba i-avalanche yenzeke? Ukuze kwenzeke isenzakalo sobukhulu obunjalo, kudingeka inani elikhulu leqhwa. Iqhwa elinqwabelene emthambekeni liyisiqalo esihle sokudilika komhlaba.
Imvamisa zakha emithambekeni nge i-engeli yokuthambekela phakathi kwama-degree angama-25 kuye kwangama-60 emthambekeni. Kulesi simo lapho, lapho iqhwa ligcinwa khona, lingagudluza ngamandla adonsela phansi. Kepha esinye futhi isithako siyadingeka ekwakhekeni kwe-avalanche futhi lokho ukuthi kube nesiphepho seqhwa esikwazi ukugcina cishe amasentimitha angama-30 eqhwa kungqimba olungaphezulu ngesikhathi esifushane. Isithwathwa kufanele sigcinwe okungenani amahora angama-24 ukuze, ngokuminyanisa, ikwazi ukushona phansi njengoba inesisindo esiningi kakhulu. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nesimo sezulu kanye nemiphumela yaso, ungabheka isihloko mayelana negagasi elibandayo eJapane, kanye nokuhlola okwengeziwe mayelana Izinguquko e-Alps neqhwa lazo.
Izibopho eziphakathi kwezendlalelo zeqhwa kufanele zibe buthakathaka ukuze zikwazi ukungazinzi. Kuvamile ukuthi, lapho iqhwa liminyene, kunengqimba engazinzile ngokwengeziwe. Ukushintsha okungazelelwe kwesimo sezulu kule ndawo kuyimbangela yama-avalanches. Kungaba futhi ukuwa kwesihlahla, ukuzamazama komhlaba okuncane noma imisindo ephezulu kakhulu efana nesikhulumi esinobulungiswa noma esikhulu.
Izinhlobo nemiphumela yama-avalchi
Lapho amathani ayisigidi eqhwa ewela phansi ekugcineni ayaqina. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo ze-avalanche ezilawulwa ngamandla nezinye izici, kuye kwahlukaniswa ngezigaba ukwenza ukuqashelwa kwazo nokutadisha kube lula. Sizihlukanisa zibe:
- I-Plate avalanches. Lawa akhiwa ngenxa yezingqimba ezibuthakathaka zeqhwa ezitholakala engxenyeni engezansi yezintaba futhi, lapho kuqhekeka, indawo enkulu yeqhwa ishibilika emthambekeni.
- Izikhukhula zeqhwa ezimanzi. Lezi yilezo lapho iqhwa lihamba khona ngesivinini esiphansi, kepha iqhwa liminyene kakhulu.
- Ama-avalandi eqhwa le-powder. Lolu hlobo yilona olwakha ifu elikhulu lothuli lweqhwa olushibilika ngejubane elihamba amabanga amade.
Kunemithelela emibi eminingi ebangelwa ukudilika kweqhwa lapho kwenzeka endaweni. Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu ukungcwaba izindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba lapho kungakhiwa khona abantu, izilwane, izitshalo, izakhiwo, njll. Icekela phansi ingxenye enkulu yemvelo etholakala kuyo futhi, okumangazayo ukuthi, ingadala kuvunguza umoya onamandla lapho kuhlanganiswa umoya. Ukuze uqonde kangcono lesi simo, ungafunda ngomthelela weqhwa i-Alps yaseSwitzerland kanye nobudlelwano bayo nama-avalanche.
Imiphumela ebonakalayo ukubhebhetheka kwezimoto, ukuwa kwezihlahla nokucekelwa phansi kwezakhiwo. Yimicimbi eyingozi impela okufanele igwenywe ngazo zonke izindlela.
Curiosities
Ingozi yama-avalchi iyakhula lapho abashushuluzi beqhwa begcwele ngokugcwele futhi behlangabezana nenye yalezi zenzakalo. Lokhu kunzima kakhulu ukuvimbela nokubikezela, ngakho-ke uma umangele futhi iqhwa ligeleza ngokushesha, usuqedile. Kodwa-ke, nazi ezinye izifiso ezihlobene nale ndaba:
- Njalo ngonyaka kufa abantu abangaphezu kuka-150 ngenxa yeqhwa.
- Kungenzeka ukutakula labo abathintekile uma ususa ngaphakathi ku isikhathi semizuzu eyi-15 esinamathuba empumelelo angama-93%.
- Kwakunamasosha amaningi abulawa izikhukhula zeqhwa kunangegesi yoshevu eMpini Yezwe I.
- Isikhathi sonyaka lapho zivame kakhulu sisebusika nasentwasahlobo.
Ngiyethemba lolu lwazi lusiza ukuthi ufunde kabanzi ngale ndaba.
