I-Hemispheres Yomhlaba

Igama elithi hemisphere igama lesiGreki elisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomhlaba. Kunomehluko omningi obonakalayo phakathi kwalokhu okubili, okuhlanganisa umehluko wendawo, wezinkanyezi, kanye ne-meteorological phakathi kwama-hemispheres. I ama-hemispheres omhlaba Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: i-northern hemisphere kanye ne-southern hemisphere. Ngayinye yazo inezici ezihlukile kodwa zifana ngokuthi amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu nezandiso ezinkulu zeqhwa zibusa.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nama-hemispheres oMhlaba kanye nezici zawo.

Ama-hemispheres omhlaba: umehluko

Ukuma komhlaba

Ingxenye esenyakatho yenkabazwe ibhekisela engxenyeni esenyakatho yenkabazwe, kanti ingxenye eseningizimu iyingxenye eseningizimu yenkabazwe. I-Northern Hemisphere itholakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, futhi cishe yonke i-Asia, kanye neningi lase-Afrika. Le nkabazwe iqukethe yonke i-Antarctica, eningizimu ye-Asia, cishe ingxenye yesithathu ye-Afrika, yonke i-Australia kanye namaphesenti angaba ngu-90 aseNingizimu Melika. Yiqiniso, i-North Pole iseNyakatho Nenkabazwe kanti i-South Pole iseningizimu. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuma kwe-hemispheres, ungabheka isihloko esithi izindawo ezishisayo zomhlaba futhi mayelana eMagdeburg hemispheres.

Isimo sezulu

Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu umehluko phakathi kwama-hemispheres amabili isimo sezulu.. Kunobudlelwano, ikakhulukazi ekwabiweni komhlaba oseduze nolwandle; indawo yezwe enyakatho nenkabazwe inkulu futhi indawo yolwandle eningizimu nenkabazwe inkulu. Lolu ulwazi olubalulekile ngenxa yezizathu ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.

Okokuqala, okwenzeka eNyakatho Nenkabazwe ukuthi ukushisa komhlaba nolwandle kuphola ngezinga elihlukile: izwe liyafudumala futhi liphole ngokushesha okukhulu. Okwesibili, kunezintaba ezisebenza njengezihlangu ezivunguvungwini nasemoyeni onamandla. Khonamanjalo, eNingizimu Nenkabazwe, i-Antarctic Circumpolar Current igeleza ngaphandle kwezihibe ezungeze izwekazi. Isimo sezulu esizungeze i-Antarctica sibi kakhulu uma siqhathaniswa, njengoba ungekho umhlaba ongawuvikela emoyeni. Lokhu kuphambene nesimo sezulu esingabonakala esihlokweni mayelana izinkathi zonyaka futhi ihlobene ngqo ne iqhwa nemiphumela yako.

Isibhakabhaka

Omunye umehluko phakathi kwenkabazwe esenyakatho neseningizimu ukuthi eningizimu nenkabazwe inyanga ayiqambi amanga: enyakatho nenkabazwe, lapho inyanga imise okwe-C, i-waxing, futhi uma i-D-shaped, i-wax. Engxenyeni eseningizimu nenkabazwe, okuphambene nalokho kuyiqiniso: C usho ukuthi inyanga iyakhula futhi u-D usho ukuthi iyancipha. Kunesizathu esiqondakala kalula salokhu, njengoba kunomunye umbono wesibhakabhaka sasebusuku eningizimu nenkabazwe kanye nezindawo eziningi zezinkanyezi.

Izinkathi zonyaka

Ama-hemispheres amabili anezikhathi ezahlukene zasehlobo nasebusika, okuholela emazingeni okushisa amaningi ahlukene ezindaweni eziseningizimu kanye nasenyakatho kakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa sonyaka. ENyakatho Nenkabazwe, ihlobo liqala ehlobo lika-solstice (June 21) liya ekwindla equinox (Septhemba 21). Ubusika ngokuvamile buba khona kusukela ngoDisemba 21 kuya ku-March 20. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ihlobo eningizimu yezwe liqala ngoDisemba 22 futhi ubusika busuka ngoJuni 21 kuya kuSeptemba 21. Ukuze uqonde kangcono isenzakalo sonyaka, ungafunda kabanzi mayelana solstice ebusika kanye nokubaluleka kwayo ngaphakathi imijikelezo yonyaka yomhlaba.

Izici ze-hemispheres of the Earth

Izici ze-northern hemisphere

INyakatho Nenkabazwe ibonakala njengequkethe ingxenye enkulu yezwe eyenzeka eMhlabeni futhi iyikhaya leMelika Ephakathi, iYurophu, iNyakatho Melika, kanye neningi le-Asia ne-Afrika, kuhlanganise neziqhingi ezithile ezincane e-Oceania. Ezinye izici ezimele kakhulu yilezi:

Le ndawo ilinganiselwa ku-100 million square kilometers.
Cishe u-88% wabantu bomhlaba uhlala lapho.
ENyakatho Nenkabazwe kukhona iPacific Ocean kanye nengxenye esenyakatho yoLwandlekazi i-Atlantic. Ihlanganisa nezingxenye ezincane ze-Arctic kanye ne-Indian Oceans.
Ingxenye yasolwandle yeNyakatho nenkabazwe imelela u-60% wengqikithi yayo yonke, kuyilapho ingxenye yasemhlabeni imelela u-40% wendawo yonke.
Enyakatho nenkabazwe, izinkathi zonyaka zonyaka ziphambene nalezo eziseningizimu nenkabazwe.
Lena indawo lapho ungathola khona ugwadule olushisa kakhulu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo nogwadule olubanda kakhulu.
Iqiniso elimangalisayo ukuthi kule hemisphere izinto zivame ukuzungeza kwesokudla, okubangelwa umphumela we-Coriolis.
Iphethini yayo yokugeleza komoya yethulwa ngendlela yewashi.

Iziteshi ziwumphumela oqondile wokutsheka kwe-eksisi yoMhlaba yokuzungeza, okwenza i-engeli engaba ngu-23,5 degrees. ukusuka kumugqa oqondile ukuya endizeni ye-ecliptic. Unyaka wonke, izindawo eziningi Emhlabeni ziba nezinkathi zonyaka ezine ezihlukene: ihlobo, ikwindla, ubusika, nentwasahlobo, ngayinye ethatha cishe izinyanga ezintathu.

Kodwa izinkathi zonyaka eNyakatho neNkabazwe eseNingizimu zihlale zihlukile, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi lezi ezimbili zihlukene ngezinyanga eziyisithupha, ngakho lapho ujabulela ihlobo eNyakatho Nenkabazwe, ubusika eNingizimu Nenkabazwe, ngakho iphethini ihlala injalo. Ngezansi igrafu yomehluko wezinsuku zonyaka e-Southern and Northern Hemispheres. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe mayelana nobudlelwano phakathi kokujikeleza komhlaba nezinkathi zonyaka, bheka isihloko esithi ukuzungeza koMhlaba kanye nethonya layo esimweni sezulu.

Izici ze-southern hemisphere

Izici eziyinhloko ze-southern hemisphere yilezi ezilandelayo:

Lo mhlaba wenkabazwe wakhiwe ikakhulukazi izilwandle, njengoba ihlanganisa iningi lolwandlekazi lwePacific nelaseNdiya, zonke izinguzunga zeqhwa ze-Antarctic kanye nengxenye yoLwandlekazi i-Atlantic.
Umhlaba omkhulu kunawo wonke useNingizimu Melika.
Kuhlanganisa ezinye iziqhingi zase-Asia kanye neningi le-Oceania ne-Australia ngaphakathi kwendawo yakhona.
Izinkathi zonyaka ziphambene nalezo ezisenyakatho nenkabazwe.
Cishe i-10% labantu emhlabeni lihlala enkabeni yezwe.
I-hemisphere ibhekwa "njengempofu" ngenxa yezinga layo eliphansi lezezimboni kanye nenani elincane labantu abahlala endaweni.
Eningizimu nenkabazwe, ilanga lihamba esibhakabhakeni lisuka empumalanga liye entshonalanga enyakatho.
Isithunzi sale hemisphere sizungeza ngokuphambene newashi.
Lapho kuvela izivunguvungu neziphepho zasezindaweni ezishisayo, zizungeza ngendlela yewashi.

Mayelana nezinkathi zonyaka, kuhle ukubalula ukuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu okubangelwa i-eksisi Yomhlaba kusho ukuthi azenzeki kanyekanye kuma-hemispheres amabili, kodwa kunalokho. Ngakho lapho i-hemisphere eyodwa isebusika, enye iyihlobo, njalonjalo. Izinkathi zonyaka lapha nazo zinqunywa i-spring equinox ne-solstice. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe ngalesi simo, ungacwaninga izindatshana ezifana nalezi imimoya yokuhweba kanye nobudlelwano bayo nezinkathi zonyaka.

Eqinisweni, womabili ama-hemispheres asebenzisa amagama ehlobo nobusika, umehluko kuba isikhathi sonyaka ezenzeka ngaso. Ihlobo nobusika zihlukaniswa ngezinyanga eziyisithupha. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi umehluko wenkathi yonyaka eningizimu nenkabazwe kungenxa yokutsheka komhlaba, ngakho i-hemisphere eseningizimu ithola amandla amancane avela elangeni.