Okwamanje IHarvey ifana nokudangala kwezindawo ezishisayo emanzini eGulf of Mexico ngemuva kokuvuselelwa. Usongo olukhulu ukuthi lungashaya i-United States njengesiphepho. Njengamanje uthuthela ku- isiqondiso esenyakatho-ntshonalanga ngejubane le-15km / h. Itholakala ku-800 km eningizimu-mpumalanga yePort O'Connor, eTexas.
Ingxenye yogu lwaseMexico kanye neSifundazwe saseTexas igadiwe ngenxa yesiphepho esinamandla, enye Ingxenye esenyakatho ye-Texas manje isingaphansi kwewashi lesiphepho.. Ngokusekelwe emaphethini ethrekhi, uHarvey kulindeleke ukuthi alibhekise ogwini lwaseTexas ngoLwesihlanu ntambama. Imvula evela eHarvey ingase ibangele izikhukhula futhi ibe yingozi kubantu, kusho ochwepheshe.
Umkhondo kaHarvey wesikhathi esizayo
Ngokuya ngokulinganisela okungenziwa, okubonakalayo esithombeni, Kulindeleke izimvula ezinamandla ezindaweni ezivame ukomile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uHarvey uzodala amagagasi amakhulu neziphepho ezithinta ugu lwaseTexas, Louisiana, nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeMexico. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imvelaphi kaHarvey ilele ezinsalela zesiphepho esishisayo esakhe ngesonto eledlule eCaribbean.
Lesi sikhathi sesishiyagalolunye sesiphepho eCaribbean saqala ngo-Ephreli, neTropical Storm Arlene, okwenzeka inyanga ngaphambi kokujwayelekile. Lokhu kulandelwe ezinye izivunguvungu, ezifana noBret, Cindy, isiphepho esingaqanjwanga ngokuthi, Don, Emily kanye Franklin, ebesikhuluma ngayo futhi.
Isikhathi seziphepho, esiqala ngokusemthethweni ngoJuni 1 siphele ngoNovemba 30, sibe neziphepho eziyisishiyagalombili, iziphepho eziyisishiyagalombili, neziphepho ezimbili, ezintathu zazo ezihlasele. Ibuyekeza lolu lwazi, ISiphepho i-Harvey, esihlasele ngo-2017, sishiye umthelela omkhulu e-Houston nasezindaweni ezizungezile., njengoba ikhukhule ezindlini ezingaphezu kuka-150,000 125,000 futhi yabangela umonakalo olinganiselwa ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-XNUMX zamaRandi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungafunda kabanzi mayelana imiphumela yeSiphepho uHarvey kanye nendlela ezinye iziphepho ezisithinte ngayo isifunda. Ukuze uqonde ubukhulu balezi zishingishane, kuyasiza ukubuyekeza iziphepho ezibhubhisa kakhulu yeminyaka embalwa edlule.
Umthelela kaHarvey eHouston
Izakhamuzi eziningi zaseHouston zisathuthumela ngemva kweSiphepho iHarvey, esashiya ukufa kwabantu abangu-103 okuhlobene nesiphepho futhi saphazamisa ukuphila kwamashumi ezinkulungwane. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi U-75% wezindlu ezikhukhulayo bezingaphandle kwezindawo eziqokwe yi-FEMA, okwamangaza abanikazi bezindlu abaningi ababelulekwe ngokuthi abawudingi umshuwalense wezikhukhula. Lokhu sekuholele ekutheni iningi labo liqhubeke nokulinda usizo, ngisho sekudlule iminyaka isiphepho. Usizo lwe-FEMA belubucayi, kodwa alwanele kuwo wonke umuntu.
Ngo-August 26, 2017, ukuhlasela kwezinsuku ezine kwemimoya engu-130 mph nezimvula ezinamandla kwaqala, kwafinyelela umvuthwandaba ngamasentimitha angu-30 wamanzi akhukhula ezindaweni ezibalulekile zase-Houston. Ngenxa yomonakalo, izinhlangano ezifana ne-SBP zisebenze ngokuzikhandla ukusiza ukwakha kabusha idolobha elithinteke kakhulu, umzamo ofana nalowo owenziwe ngemva Isiphepho uKatrina futhi lokho kuyafana nomthelela ewudalile Isiphepho uDorian kwezinye izifunda.
Indima ye-SBP ekululameni kwe-Houston
I-SBP, ebisebenza kusukela kuSiphepho uKatrina, ingenelele e-Houston ukusiza ukubuyisela abantu ezindlini eziphephile nezivikelekile. Kusukela ngo-2017, i-SBP yenze izinhlelo ezisize ukwakhiwa kabusha kwezindlu zabasinde esiphepho. Ezinye zezenzo eziphawuleka kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Ukwakhiwa kabusha kwezindlu ezingama-426 kwabasinde ku-Hurricane Harvey kanye ne-Tropical Storm Imelda emiphakathini yabantu abahola kancane.
- Ukunikezwa okungaphezu kwalokho Ama-dollar ayi-6.2 kuya kwabalingani abangu-16 bokwakha kabusha e-Texas yonkana ngohlelo lwe-SHARE, olusekela ama-NGO endawo ngezimali nangezinsiza.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwe Ukuxhumana, ithuluzi lokuphatha icala elisiza izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo zixhumanise imizamo yokutakula.
- Ukugcwaliseka kwe 294 ukulungiswa kwamapayipi okuphuthumayo yemindeni ethintekile yi-Winter Storm Uri ngo-2021.
- Imikhankaso yokulungiselela ukuvikela izinkulungwane zabantu base-Houstonia ezenzakalweni zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu esizayo.
Izifundo ezifundiwe kanye nentuthuko ekulungiseleleni
Eminyakeni emithathu ngemva kweSiphepho uHarvey, imiphakathi ethintekile iye yafunda izifundo ezibalulekile. Ucwaningo lwakamuva luveze ukuthi imiphakathi eminingi yase-Texas manje isilungele kangcono izehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, ngenxa yokutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda nokuhlela izimo eziphuthumayo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi Ama-Texans athole ama- $ 14.5 billion ezimali zikahulumeni kuze kube manje., okuhlanganisa izibonelelo nemali ebolekiwe, ukusiza ukulungisa nokushintsha amakhaya nempahla yabo.
Nokho, naphezu kwenqubekelaphambili, abaningi basabhekana nezinselele ekululameni kwabo. Sekugqame kakhulu ukubaluleka kokuba nomshwalense wezikhukhula. Cishe I-92,000 Texans ithole izinkokhelo zomshwalense wezikhukhula ezilinganiselwa ku-$9 billion., kodwa abaningi ababengenawo umshuwalense baphoqeleka ukuba bakhe kabusha ukuphila kwabo ngemali yabo siqu kanye nosizo lukahulumeni. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuvama kwale micimbi, kuyasiza ukubuyekeza ulwazi mayelana isizini yeziphepho zika-2017 kanye nezifundo esingazifunda kuyo.
Kungani iSiphepho uHarvey sahlala eTexas?
Indlela kaHarvey yayingajwayelekile futhi yayingenxa yezici ezimbalwa zesimo sezulu. Lapho efika, u-Harvey waxhumana nesistimu yomfutho womoya ophezulu. Lokhu kuma eduze nogu kwakuyisici esibalulekile ekucekeleni phansi okudalwe, njengoba esikhundleni sokuhamba ngokushesha, isiphepho saqhubeka nokulahla izimvula ezinkulu endaweni efanayo izinsuku eziningi. Lokhu kuziphatha okuguquguqukayo kwesiphepho kwakungavamile futhi kwaba nomthelela omubi kakhulu.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva luphakamise ukuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungase kube nomthelela ekushubeni kwezehlakalo ezifana ne-Hurricane Harvey. Amanzi eGulf of Mexico ayefudumele cishe ngama-degree angu-1.5 kunamashumi eminyaka adlule, okuhumushela ekubeni amandla amakhulu eziphepho ezinamandla. Lezi zenzakalo ezimbi kakhulu yilokho esilindele ukukubona kaningi esimweni sezulu esishisayo. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngalokhu, indatshana ku-Meteorology igqamisa ukuthi kanjani Isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu sihlobene nokufudumala komhlaba nokuthi kuthinta kanjani ukulungela kwendawo.
Ukulungiselela iziphepho ezizayo
Njengoba isizini yesiphepho isondela, kubalulekile ukuthi i-Texans ilungiselele kahle. Lokhu kuhlanganisa vikela izakhiwo zakho ngomshwalense owanele, dala izinhlelo zokuphuma futhi uhlale unolwazi mayelana nezixwayiso zesimo sezulu. Izifundo ezitholwe kuSiphepho i-Harvey zibalulekile ekusizeni imiphakathi ukuthi ibhekane nekusasa ngokuqina okukhulu nokusabela.
Njengoba iminyaka iqhubeka, umthelela weSiphepho uHarvey usaqhubeka ubalulekile. Izinhlangano ezilulamayo ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ukusiza labo abasadonsa kanzima ukuze balulame. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula izifundo ezitholwe kule nhlekelele nokuthi ubumbano phakathi kwemiphakathi lungenza umehluko kanjani. Izithombe nobufakazi balabo abasindile busebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokubaluleka kokuzilungiselela nokusabela ngokushesha ezinhlekeleleni zemvelo.
