Kokubili ku-meteorology naku-biology kuyafundwa i-phenology zezinto eziphilayo. Lokhu akuyona enye into ngaphandle kokubheka ukuvela kwezinto eziphilayo emjikelezweni wazo wokuphila. Lokho, ukwahluka kwezici zayo nomjikelezo wempilo ngokuya ngezimpawu zemvelo ezikhona ngaleso sikhathi. Kokubili isimo sezulu nomhlabathi kanye nezici ze-biotic zihlobene ne-phenology yezinto eziphilayo. Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuguqula ngokujulile i-phenology yezinto eziningi eziphilayo, kukwenza kungaphumeleli kangako ekusindeni.
Kulesi sihloko sizohlaziya ngokujulile izici ze-phenology yezidalwa eziphilayo nokuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuwuthinta kanjani umjikelezo wempilo yazo. Uyafuna ukwazi ukuthi izilwane nezitshalo ziphila kanjani? Kufanele nje uqhubeke ufunda
Inhloso ye-phenology
I-Phenology funda izinsuku lapho kuqala khona izigaba ezahlukahlukene zokukhula kwezitshalo. Ngale ndlela, zirekhodwe ngokulandelana kwezikhathi futhi ukubonwa kwenziwa ukuhlaziya ukuxhumana nezinye izidalwa eziphilayo. Isibonelo, endabeni yemibungu yovemvane, isikhathi lapho ziba izibungu siseduze nesikhathi lapho amaphuphu ezinhlobo ezithile zezinyoni adinga ukudla kwawo ukuze akhule. Yebo, leso sikhathi sibalulekile ukuthi senzeke ngasikhathi sinye ukuze amachwane akhule. Uma i-phenology yezibungu iguqulwa, amaphuphu ngeke abe nokudla.
Ukubhekwa kwenziwa unyaka wonke futhi kuqoshwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe irekhodi elithembekile lomjikelezo wempilo yezinto eziphilayo ezifundwayo. Idatha yobuningi ehlobene nokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo nayo iyacwaningwa. Lokhu kubhekisela ekuqhathaniseni ukwanda kosayizi isitshalo okukhulunywa ngaso esiye sabhekana nakho, isisindo saso, umthamo, ukusebenza kwe-photosynthetic kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali.
Uma yonke idatha isitholakele, usungakwazi bazi ukuziphatha kwezinto eziningi eziphilayo kuye ngesikhathi sonyaka esikuso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kunomthelela kulokho kuziphatha.
Izinkinga zezinyoni
Kubalulekile ukuqonda i-phenology ukuze udale, isibonelo, izindawo zokuzalela izinyoni futhi uqinisekise impumelelo yazo yokuzala. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni ezisengozini yokushabalala ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu emadolobheni.
Izinyoni ezifudukayo babe nenkinga enkulu yokwenza uhambo lwabo lwesizini kwezinye izindawo ezinamazinga okushisa amnandi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imithelela yabantu isho ukuthi izinyoni azinazo izindawo eziphephile zokuphumula nezidleke ngemva kohambo lwazo olude. Intsha idinga ukunakekelwa okudingekayo nokudla okufanele abazali bakunikeze. Nokho, kukhona ukulingana kwemvelo okonakaliswa abantu. Lo monakalo uyabonakala, njengoba eminyakeni yamuva kuye kwaphawulwa lokho 30% izinyoni ezifudukayo ezimbalwa ezifika eSpain ngenxa yezinguquko ku-phenology yayo.
Ngokuthinta uhlobo oluthile, zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezazincike kuzo ngandlela thile ziyathinteka. Uma uhlobo lwesitshalo unogwaja odla ngalo lufela endaweni, inani lonogwaja lizokwehla, yingakho izinhlobo ezidliwayo ezondla onogwaja. Lokhu kwaziwa njengeketanga lokudla.
Ngakho-ke, i-phenology yezinyoni ifundwa ngokucophelela. Lokho kusho ukuthi, imijikelezo yabo yokuzala kabusha, yokwakha izidleke, yokuqomisana, yokufuduka, njll., ehlobene nezihloko ezifana . Njengoba sizobona kamuva, ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kuthinta kakhulu ukulingana kwalezi zilwane nokuphila kwazo.
I-phenology yesitshalo nokubhekwa kwe-phenological
Ekulimeni, i-phenology nayo ihlaziywa. Kusebenza ekuthuthukiseni isivuno sesivuno, njengoba kwaziwa isikhathi esihle sokufaka umanyolo, ukunisela kakhulu noma kancane, noma ukuthena ukuze ikhule futhi ikhule kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo. Kunezikhathi zonyaka lapho izinambuzane eziyizinambuzane zisebenza kakhulu futhi zizala ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukwazi lokhu, amasu okuvimbela angaqalwa lapho kufika isikhathi somsebenzi omkhulu wezinambuzane.
Kwenzeka okufanayo nangezifo. Ebusika, uma kubhekwa izimo ezimbi kakhulu kanye nemvula, kunomswakama owengeziwe. Umswakama owedlulele ngokuvamile udala izifo ezitshalweni. Ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, kungabonwa lokho Umoya ohlanzekile ungenza imiphumela yokufudumala kwembulunga ibe mibi kakhulu kwezolimo.
Ukwenza ngcono isivuno sezitshalo, ukuqonda okuyisisekelo kwemeteorology kubalulekile. Yazi mayelana imimoya ekhona, izinhlobo zamafu y amazinga okushisa, njll. Kungasiza kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwezitshalo.
Hhayi kwezolimo kuphela, kodwa nasezimbonini ezitholakalayo kubalulekile ukuba nemininingwane ethembekile ye-phenological. Ngokwesibonelo, isilinganiso sosuku lapho izitshalo eziningi ezitshalwe ngalo imbali, izithelo, nokuvuthwa kufanele zaziwe. Le datha ibalulekile ekuhleleni okufanele kwezolimo nezimboni.
Uma umthelela wezimo zemvelo esigabeni ngasinye sokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo waziwa, ukuthuthuka noma ukubambezeleka kokuvela kwazo kungabikezelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi imboni yewayini iqonde izigaba ezahlukene zezitshalo kanye ne-phenology yazo ukuze ikhiqize kahle.
Ukubheka kwe-phenological okwenziwa isikhathi eside, kuvumela ukufinyelela eziphethweni emkhakheni wocwaningo lwesayensi. Futhi, ilusizo olukhulu kwezolimo nakwezimboni. Ithanda kakhulu ulwazi lwezinsuku ezingaba khona zezigaba ezahlukahlukene zentuthuko, ubude bezinkathi ezingefani, izikhathi zokugcina kanye nobuningi bokwenzeka kwezimo zebhayoloji.
I-phenology yomvini
Sizobiza izigaba ze-phenology yomvini ukunikeza isibonelo sokuthi ilusizo kangakanani.
- Ubusika ihlumela
- Umvini okhalayo
- I-yolk evuvukile
- Amathiphu aluhlaza
- Kuvela amaqabunga okuqala (amaqabunga angenayo)
- Isandiso seLeaf
- Amaqoqo okuqala
- Ama-racemes aqhubeka ngokuhlukana (angama-inflorescence)
- Izimbali eziqhakazile (amaqoqo akhule ngokuphelele
- Ukuwa kwama-stamens abunile (kubizwa ngokuthi yi-curdling)
- Ukuvalwa kweqoqo (ukwanda ngosayizi wezithelo)
- Ukuqala kwe-veraison (ukulahleka kwe-chlorophyll)
- Ukuvuthwa
- Ukuwa kweLeaf
Esigabeni ngasinye somvini unga yazi ukusebenza nokuthuthuka kwezingxenye zayo. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ukuze ugweme izinambuzane nezifo ezithile futhi ukwandise ukuvundiswa kwakho nokunisela. Isizini ngayinye idinga ukunakekelwa okuhlukile, ngakho-ke, kufanele zigcinwe zinakekelwe kahle, kusukela ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu ingashintsha ukukhula kwayo.
Ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge-phenology yezinto eziphilayo.
