Isikali 1 Emhlabeni sisho ukuthi i-1 Astronomical Unit (AU), okuyibanga elisuka eMhlabeni liye eLangeni. Isibonelo seSaturn, 10 AU = izikhathi ezili-10 ibanga eliphakathi koMhlaba neLanga.
I-Oort Cloud, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi- «ikpik-Oort cloud», iyifu lokucabanga eliyindilinga lezinto ze-trans-Neptunian. Kwakungenakubonwa ngqo. Itholakala emikhawulweni yesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga. Futhi ngosayizi wonyaka omncane wokukhanya, kuyikota yebanga ukusuka enkanyezini yethu esondele kakhulu kuye kusistimu yethu yelanga, iProxima Centauri. Ukuthola umbono ngosayizi walo maqondana neLanga, sizocacisa imininingwane ethile.
SineMercury, Venus, Earth, neMars, ngalolo hlelo, oluhlobene neLanga. Umsebe welanga uthatha imizuzu engu-8 nemizuzwana engu-19 ukufika emhlabeni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, phakathi kweMars neJupiter, sithola ibhande le-asteroid. Ngemuva kwaleli bhande kuza iziqhwaga zegesi ezi-4, iJupiter, iSaturn, i-Uranus neNeptune. INeptune iqhele ngokuphindwe ka-30 eLangeni njengoMhlaba. Ukukhanya kwelanga kuthatha cishe amahora ama-4 nemizuzu eyi-15 ukufika. Uma sicabangela iplanethi yethu ekude kakhulu neLanga, Imikhawulo ye-Oort Cloud ingaba izikhathi ezingu-2.060 ibanga ukusuka eLangeni ukuya eNeptune. Lokhu kugqamisa ukubaluleka kwe-Oort Cloud kanye nemiphumela yayo Kuhlelo Lwelanga.
Ngabe ubukhona bayo bunqunywe kuphi?
Ngo-1932, isazi sezinkanyezi u-Erns Öpik, ubhale ukuthi izinkanyezi ezinomsila ezihamba isikhathi eside zivela efwini elikhulu ngaphesheya kwesimiso sonozungezilanga. Ngo-1950 isazi sezinkanyezi uJan Oort, Wabeka inkolelo-mbono ngokuzimela, okwaholela ekudidekeni. U-Jan Oort wathi ama-meteorite ayengeke akheke emzileni wawo wamanje ngenxa yezenzakalo zezinkanyezi eziwabusayo, ngakho wathi imijikelezo yawo nakho konke kufanele kugcinwe efwini elikhulu. Leli fu elikhulu liqanjwe ngalezi zazi zezinkanyezi ezimbili ezinkulu.
U-Oort waphenya phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zezinkanyezi ezinomsila. Lezo ezinomjikelezo ongaphansi kuka-10AU kanye nalezo ezinemizila yesikhathi eside (cishe i-isotropic), engaphezu kuka-1.000AU, zize zifinyelele ku-20.000. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wabona indlela zonke ezivela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Lokhu kwamvumela ukuba anqume ukuthi, uma ziqhamuka nhlangothi zonke, ifu lokucatshangelwa kufanele libe nesimo esiyindilinga. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi zakhiwe kanjani, ungathintana nolwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana izinkanyezi ezinomsila wesimiso sonozungezilanga.
Yini ekhona futhi ingabe i-Oort Cloud ihlanganisa?
Ngokuya ngemibono ye Umsuka we-Oort Cloud, usekwakheni uhlelo lwethu lwelanga, kanye nokushayisana okukhulu okwenzeka nezinto ezilahlwayo. Izinto ezakhayo zakha eduze kakhulu neLanga ekuqaleni kwazo. Nokho, amandla adonsela phansi amaplanethi amakhulukazi nawo ahlanekezela indlela yawo yokujikeleza, ewathumela ezindaweni ezikude lapho ekhona.
Ama-comet orbits, ukufaniswa kwe-NASA
Ngaphakathi kwefu le-Oort, singahlukanisa izingxenye ezimbili:
- Ifu Langaphakathi Langaphakathi / Langaphakathi: Ihlobene namandla adonsela phansi neLanga. Ebizwa nangokuthi i-Hills Cloud, yakheke njengediski. Ilinganisa phakathi kuka-2.000 20.000 no-XNUMX XNUMX AU.
- Ingaphandle Lamafu Oort: Ukuzungeza okuyindilinga, kuhlobene kakhulu nezinye izinkanyezi kanye ne-galactic tide, eguqula ukuzungeza kwamaplanethi okwenza kube yindilinga eyengeziwe. Izinyathelo eziphakathi kuka-20.000 50.000 no-XNUMX AU. Kufanele kungezwe ukuthi empeleni kungumkhawulo wamandla adonsela phansi weLanga.
Ifu le-Oort seliphelele lihlanganisa wonke amaplanethi ohlelweni lwethu sonozungezilanga, amaplanethi amancane, ama-meteorite, izinkanyezi ezinomsila, kanye nezigidigidi zezidalwa zasezulwini ezinkulu kuno-1,3 km ububanzi. Naphezu kwenani elibalulekile lezindikimba zasezulwini, ibanga eliphakathi kwazo lilinganiselwa emashumini ezigidi zamakhilomitha. Isisindo esiphelele ebesizoba naso asaziwa, kepha enza ukulinganisa, enombono kaHalley's Comet, Kulinganiselwa cishe ku-3 × 10 ^ 25kg, okungukuthi, cishe izikhathi eziphindwe ka-5 kunaleyo yoMhlaba. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngale nkanyezi enomsila edumile, ungabona I-Halley's Comet nokubaluleka kwayo.
Umphumela weTidal ku-Oort Cloud nasemhlabeni
Ngendlela efanayo iNyanga efaka ngayo amandla olwandle, iphakamisa igagasi, kunqunywe lokho Ngokwegalactically lesi simo senzeka. Ibanga phakathi komzimba nomunye linciphisa amandla adonsela phansi athonya omunye komunye. Ukuze siqonde lesi senzakalo esichazwayo, singabheka amandla adonsela phansi eNyanga kanye neLanga awasebenzisayo emhlabeni. Kuye ngokuthi iNyanga ikuphi uma iqhathaniswa neLanga neplanethi yethu, amagagasi angahluka ngobukhulu. Ukuqondanisa neLanga kunethonya elinamandla lamandla adonsela phansi emhlabeni wethu kangangokuthi kuchaza ukuthi kungani amagagasi enyuka kangaka.
Endabeni yefu Oort, ake sithi limele izilwandle zeplanethi yethu. FUTHI iMilky Way izomela iNyanga. Yilokho umphumela wolwandle. Lokho elikukhiqizayo, njengencazelo eyisithombe, kuwukuwohloka okuqonde maphakathi nomthala wethu. Uma sibheka ukuthi amandla adonsela phansi eLanga aba buthakathaka uma siqhubeka sisuka kuwo, la mandla amancane nawo anele ukuphazamisa ukunyakaza kwezinye izindikimba zasemkhathini, zibangele ukuthi zibuyiselwe ngaseLangeni. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nomphumela we-tide emizimbeni yasezulwini, ungabonisana umphumela wolwandle.
Imijikelezo yokuqothulwa kwezinhlobo emhlabeni wethu
Okuthile ososayensi abakwazile ukukuqinisekisa yilokho cishe njalo eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-26, kunephethini eliziphindaphindayo. Lokhu ukushabalala kwenani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezilwane kulezi zikhathi. Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqiniseka isizathu salesi simo. Umphumela wamanzi weMilky Way efwini le-Oort kungaba umbono wokucatshangelwa.
Uma sicabangela ukuthi iLanga lizungeza umthala, futhi emzileni walo livame ukudlula "emkhathini wendiza" ngokujwayelekile okuthile, le mijikelezo yokuqothulwa ingachazwa. Kubalwe ukuthi njalo eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-25, iLanga lidlula endizeni yomthala. Uma lokho kwenzeka, amandla adonsela phansi asetshenziswa indiza ye-galactic azokwanela ukuphazamisa lonke i-Oort Cloud. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi izonyakazisa futhi iphazamise izinhlaka ezingamalungu ngaphakathi kwe-Cloud. Eziningi zazo zingahlehliselwa emuva ngaseLangeni, okungaba nemiphumela elimazayo emhlabeni wethu, okufana nalokho okuxoxwa ngakho emcabangweni wokuthi i-panspermia.
Umbono Ohlukile
Ezinye izazi zezinkanyezi zibheka ukuthi iLanga selisondele ngokwanele kule ndiza yendiza. Futhi ukucatshangelwa abakulethayo yilokho ukuphazamiseka kungavela ezingalweni ezijikelezayo zomthala. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kukhona amafu amaningi wamangqamuzana, kodwa futhi zigcwele imidondoshiya eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Bayizinkanyezi ezinkulu kakhulu futhi banesikhathi esifushane kakhulu sokuphila, njengoba besebenzisa uphethiloli wabo wenuzi ngokushesha. Njalo eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbalwa ezinye iziqhwaga eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ziyaqhuma, zibangele i-supernovae. Lokho kungachaza ukuzamazama okunamandla okuzothinta i-Oort Cloud.
Kunoma ikuphi, kungenzeka singakwazi ukuyibona ngamehlo. Kepha iplanethi yethu iseyinhlamvu yesihlabathi engapheli. Ukusuka eNyangeni kuya emthaleni wethu, bathinte kusuka kwimvelaphi yabo, impilo kanye nokuba khona kweplanethi yethu. Inani elikhulu lezinto ziyenzeka njengamanje, ngaphezu kwalokho esikubonayo.
