Imbobo kusendlalelo lwe-ozone yaziwa cishe emhlabeni wonke. Amagesi abamba ukushisa abizwa ngokuthi ama-chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) anciphise ukugxila kwe-ozone endaweni yase-Antarctic. Ngo-1992 yasungulwa Isivumelwano saseMontreal lapho ukukhishwa kwalezi gesi kungavunyelwe.
Kuze kube manje, umgodi osendleleni ye-ozone umisiwe okokuqala emhlabeni wonke futhi ukhombisa nezimpawu zokululama, ngenxa yalokhu kuqedwa kokukhishwa kwala magesi okuyiqothulayo. Unjani umbono we-ozone ku-stratosphere yethu?
Ukwehliswa komgodi we-ozone
Le datha imele impumelelo ephelele uma kukhulunywa ngokubheka isimo songqimba lwe-ozone emhlabeni jikelele. Siyabonga eduze 99% wezinto eziqeda i-ozone ziyekile ukukhishwa emkhathini, imbobo yongqimba lwe-ozone iyasimama. Ukube lokhu akuzange kwenzeke, waqhubeka, ukwanda kwamazinga emisebe ye-ultraviolet, okubangelwa ukubhujiswa kongqimba lwe-ozone, bekungeke kuhambisane nokuphila. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe mayelana nokuvela kongqimba lwe-ozone, ungabheka lesi sihloko ukululama kwakhe ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu.
Noma lokhu kuyizindaba ezinhle, kusengaphephile ukudedela unogada wakho futhi uqhubeke nokusebenza kumamodeli womoya osiza ngokuzinza kongqimba lwe-ozone. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukucabangela imiphumela ehlobene ne- ukubhujiswa kongqimba lwe-ozone kanye nezinselelo esibhekana nazo ku isimo samanje songqimba lwe-ozone ukuqhubeka nokwenza inqubekelaphambili ekuvikelweni kwemvelo.
Imiphumela yokufudumala komhlaba
Ukushisa kakhulu komhlaba kukhiqize ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa ebusweni beplanethi (troposphere), kepha futhi kuholele ekupholiseni ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zomkhathi (stratosphere), okuhumushela ekusheshiseni okunamandla kakhulu komoya oshisayo wamanje osuka enkabazwe uya ezigxotsheni.
Ngenxa yokwanda kwalokhu kugeleza komoya, kufakwa i-oxygen eningi ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zomkhathi, ekugcineni eziguqulwa zibe yi-ozone. Ngakho-ke ukukhiqizwa kwe-ozone kuphakeme. Ngakho-ke, ukuvela kongqimba lwe-ozone kuzoya ngamandla wesimo sezulu lapho sinciphisa ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke ngeSivumelwano saseParis. Uma unentshisekelo yokufunda kabanzi mayelana nobudlelwano phakathi kokufudumala komhlaba nomkhathi, ungafunda ngakho izinhlayiya zasemkhathini ezinciphisa izinga lokufudumala kwembulunga yonke.
Isimo sezulu sesimo sezulu maphakathi naleli khulu leminyaka "ukuncipha" kwesendlalelo ezindaweni ezisenkabazwe kanye nokuqina kunangaphambili ezindaweni ezimaphakathi neziphezulu, ezingathinta ngokugcwele izwekazi laseYurophu, kube nomthelela okhethekile emazweni aseNordic. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi amagesi abamba ukushisa abangela kanjani izinguquko kukhemikhali ye-ozone kanye nokubaluleka kokulawula ukukhishwa kwama-hydrofluorocarbon (HFCs) asetshenziswa eziqandisini nasezipholile emoyeni.
