Lapho sikhuluma ngayo imisinga yolwandle Asikhulumi ngokuhamba okuvundlile kwamanzi okungolwandle noma izilwandle ezinkulu. Imvamisa zikalwa ngokuya ngejubane ezizohamba ngalo bese kusetshenziswa im / s noma amafindo. Ukutadisha imisinga yolwandle kubalulekile ukuze kuqondwe isimo sezulu seplanethi nokuthuthwa kwamandla kusuka endaweni eya kwenye. Kufanele wazi ukuthi lokhu kuhamba kwamanzi kuqhutshwa yizinto ezifana nomoya, ukuhluka kobuningi bamanzi kanye namagagasi.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngamagagasi olwandle, amandla awo nezici zawo eziyinhloko.
Izici zemisinga yolwandle
Ukuze imisinga yolwandle ibe khona, kunezici eziningana okufanele zisebenze, okuyizona ezenza zihambe ngejubane elithile. Lokhu kuthuthwa kwamanzi kusiza ukufuduka kwezilwane, ukuthuthwa kwamandla kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye kanye nokulawulwa kwesimo sezulu seplanethi. Phakathi kwezinto esizitholayo okuyizinto ezinquma umsuka wemisinga yolwandle yilezi ezilandelayo: umoya, ukuhluka kobuningi bamanzi namagagasi.
Umoya yiwo owenza le misinga yolwandle isuke kwenye indawo iye kwenye. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, umoya kufanele ube seduze nolwandle futhi ube namandla anele okushayela imisinga ezungeza amanzi olwandle. Ukwehluka kokuminyana kwamanzi kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ubusawoti bezifunda. Ukuhamba kwemisinga yamanzi ngenxa yezinguquko zokuminyana kwamanzi kwaziwa ngokuthi ukusakazwa kwe-thermohaline. Leli bhande laziwa ngokuthi ibhande lokuthutha olwandle. Futhi lapha sibona ukuthi imisinga iqhutshwa ukuhluka kokuminyana kwamanzi ngenxa yakho kokubili ukuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa nokuhlukahluka kosawoti ezindaweni. Ukuze uthole ucwaningo olunzulu ngalesi simo, ungabheka isihloko esithi imibukiso ye-convection.
Siyazi ukuthi ukuqhathanisa amanzi olwandle ngokwesifunda akufani. Usawoti udala ushintsho ekuhambeni kwamanzi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-currents aqhutshwa ukuhlukahluka kokuqina kwenzeka emazingeni ajulile naphansi. Zenza amanzi ahambe kancane kakhulu kunamaza olwandle namagagasi omoya. Okusho ukuthi, ngeke sibone amagagasi anamandla ngenxa nje yokuthi amanzi anobunzima obuhlukahlukene.
Ekugcineni sinamagagasi. La magagasi ukukhuphuka nokuwa kwezinga lamanzi kuye ngokuhamba kwenyanga. Lokhu kususwa kwamanzi ikhiqiza imisinga enamandla ikakhulukazi eduze nogu. Imvamisa, le minyakazo yamanzi iyathinteka nesimo sezulu somhlaba jikelele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imijikelezo yamanzi enamazinga okushisa afudumele ayabonakala ezindaweni zase-equator kuya kwezinye izindawo ezibandayo eduze nezigxobo.
Umphumela weCoriolis
Omunye wemiphumela eyaziwa njengomunye wabashayeli abakhulu bemisinga yolwandle ngumphumela weCoriolis. Yize kungeyona into yokuhamba njengalezi esizibize ngamagama, ukusebenza kwaso kufanele kubhekwe. Ingabe mayelana isici sokunyakaza esenzeka njengomphumela wokujikeleza komhlaba. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amanzi olwandle azungeze futhi agelezele ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene nezikhombisi-ndlela ngokuya ngendawo.
Ukunyakaza okukhiqizwa isango le-Coriolis ngeke kufane kuzo zonke izifunda zeplanethi. Ezindaweni ezikude nenkabazwe, ukuhamba kwemisinga yolwandle ngenxa yalo mphumela kuhamba kancane kakhulu. Nokho, ezindaweni eziseduze amanzi aphenduka ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, singaphetha ngokuthi umphumela we-Coriolis unesibopho sokuchezukisa imisinga yolwandle iye kwesokudla enyakatho nenkabazwe nakwesobunxele eningizimu nenkabazwe. Ukuchezuka kuyanda njengoba besondela ezigxotsheni futhi kuba ziro enkabazwe.
Izinhlobo zemisinga yolwandle
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemisinga yolwandle ngokusho kwezinye izici eziyinhloko. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:
Imisinga yasogwini
Yilawo ageleza ahambisana nogu. Ngokuvamile awadluli isivinini sefindo elilodwa, nakuba kungenzeka ukweqa lesi sivinini inqobo nje uma sibheka ngaphakathi kwendawo yamagagasi. Ngokujwayelekile amandla ala magagasi asogwini aye ancipha njengoba esuka ogwini. Bangase bethule ingozi kwababhukudi nabatshuzi abangena ezindaweni ezinezindawo ezinamadwala.
Rip imisinga
Ziyaziwa nangokuthi imisinga yokubuyisa. Le misinga yaziwa kusukela ulwandle luzama ukuthola izinga lalo. Le misinga ingaba rGijimisa amabanga ukusuka kumamitha angama-25 ukuya ekhilomitha kuye ngamandla amagagasi. Uma amagagasi emakhulu eduze nogu, amagagasi anamandla azoqina. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amandla alo msinga anamandla phakathi namagagasi azolile.
I-rip current yenziwa ukuphuka okungajwayelekile kwamagagasi eduze nendawo yawo. Kufanele sazi ukuthi amagagasi anamandla amaningi okunyakaza ngaphambi kokuphuka. Ngakho-ke, la mandla abuyela olwandle ngomzila owenziwe ukuhamba okuqhubekayo kwamagagasi.
Imisinga yomoya
Lezi zaziwa nangokuthi ama-surface currents. Kulokhu, umoya ovunguza phezu kwezingqimba zamanzi ukuze uwahambise endaweni ethile. Imvamisa, isivinini semisinga yomoya siyehla ngomfutho lapho ibanga liqhubeka lihamba. Futhi balahlekelwa ngamandla njengoba ukujula kwanda. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umoya awusebenzisi amandla amaningi ezindaweni ezijulile. Umoya unamandla ngokwanele ukuba ube nomthelela ekunyakazeni kolwandle emhlabeni jikelele.
Ukushesha kwemisinga yomoya kuncike ekuqineni, isikhathi somoya namandla.
Imisinga ye-Convection
Lezi ziqhutshwa ngokwengxenye yimimoya, nakuba isici sazo esiyinhloko siwukuhlukahluka kokushisa kwamanzi. Lokhu kuyinto efanayo eyenzekayo ngemisinga ye-convection yengubo yoMhlaba. Uma kunomehluko wokushisa, kuba khona ukunyakaza kokulinganisa izinga lokushisa futhi asatshalaliswa ngokuhlukile.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngemisinga yolwandle.