Iplanethi yethu iyisimiso semvelo esakhiwe izinto eziphilayo nendawo ebonakalayo lapho zisebenzelana khona futhi ziphile. Umqondo we imvelo Ihlanganisa yonke isethi yezinto njengokungathi iphelele ngaphakathi kwe-ecosystem. Siyazi ukuthi i-ecosystem ifana nekhaya lezinto eziphilayo ezihlala emvelweni futhi inikeza zonke izinsiza ezizidingayo ukuze ziphile, zondle, futhi zizalane.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nemvelo nezici zayo.
Uyini umkhathi
Umqondo we-ecosphere uphelele, uhlanganisa iqoqo lezinto sezizonke. Yigama elisho i-ecosystem ngendlela evame ukubhekwa ngayo ngokombono weplanethi. Isibonelo, i-ecosystem yakhiwe umkhathi, i-geosphere, i-hydrosphere kanye ne-biosphere. Ake sihlukanise ingxenye ngayinye nokuthi yiziphi izici ezinazo:
- Umkhathi: Lena indawo ehlanganisa zonke izingxenye zezinto eziphilayo ezifana namadwala nomhlabathi. Yonke le ngxenye ye-ecosystem ayinakho ukuphila okungokwayo futhi izinto eziphilayo ziyisebenzisela ukuziphilisa. Ukuze uqonde kangcono lesi sici kuyasiza ukuhlola okwengeziwe mayelana i-geosphere nokubaluleka kwayo ku-ecosystem.
- I-Hydrosphere: Ihlanganisa wonke amanzi akhona ku-ecosystem. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamanzi, kungaba amanzi ahlanzekile noma anosawoti. Ku-hydrosphere sithola imifula, amachibi, imifudlana, izifufula, izilwandle nezilwandle. Uma sithatha isibonelo se-ecosystem yehlathi, sibona ukuthi i-hydrosphere iyingxenye yomfula owela ihlathi. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, ungabheka isihloko esithi i-hydrosphere nezici zayo.
- Umkhathi: Wonke ama-ecosystem emhlabeni anomkhathi wawo. Okusho ukuthi, umoya ozungezile lapho amagesi akhiqizwa imisebenzi yezinto eziphilayo eshintshaniswa khona. Izitshalo zenza i-photosynthesis futhi zikhiphe umoya-mpilo ngokumunca isikhutha. Lokhu kushintshisana kwamagesi kwenzeka emkhathini.
- Okuphilayo: kungashiwo ukuthi kuyisikhala esinqunyelwe ubukhona bezinto eziphilayo. Ngamanye amagama, uma sibuyela emuva esibonelweni semvelo yehlathi, singasho ukuthi i-biosphere yindawo yendawo yezinto eziphilayo lapho kuhlala khona izinto eziphilayo. Ingafinyelela kusuka ngaphansi komhlaba kuya esibhakabhakeni lapho kundiza khona izinyoni.
Ama-ecosystems kanye nama-biomes
I-ecosystem enkulu ehlanganisa i-ecosphere ingahlukaniswa ibe ama-ecosystem ambalwa okulula ukuwafunda futhi engaveza uchungechunge lwezimpawu ezihlukile. Nakuba zonke ziyingxenye yamayunithi aphezulu abizwa ngokuthi ama-biomes, i-ecosystem ingahlukaniswa ibe iyunithi ephelele. Okusho ukuthi, i-ecosystem ngokwayo inazo zonke izidingo zokusekela ukuphila kanye nokusebenzelana phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo nendawo ezungezile kube khona. I-biome yiyona iqoqo lezinto eziphilayo ezinkulu ezihlanganisa izici ezifanayo futhi ezingaba emanzini nasemhlabeni.
Ake sithathe isibonelo sama-biomes amaningana: isibonelo, singathola amaxhaphozi, ama-estuary, amahlathi, ama-savanna, izindawo zolwandle ezivulekile, njll. Uma singakhuluma nge-ecosystems singakhuluma ngohlangothi olulodwa, ihlathi, njll. Nokho, i-biome iyisethi yalezi zinhlobo zemvelo lapho izinhlobo ezifanayo zingaphila khona.
Manje yilapho kufanele sethule umuntu ku-equation. Abantu bahlukanisa futhi bahlukanise izimiso zemvelo ukuze baziqonde kangcono. Ungakwazi futhi ukuzisebenzisa futhi uzigcine ngokuthanda kwakho. Into eyodwa icacile: imvelo iphelele, futhi kunobudlelwane obungenakugwemeka, obungaguquki, nobuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo nendawo ezungezile eyakha i-ecosphere.
Incazelo yemvelo yezingane
Ngendlela elula, sizochaza ngemvelo. Kungathathwa njengokungahle kube semvelo yomhlaba lapho zonke izidalwa eziphilayo zihlobene ngqo noma ngokungaqondile. Ake sithathe isibonelo sezinto eziphilayo ze-photosynthetic. Lezi zidalwa zinesibopho sokukhiphela umoya-mpilo emkhathini futhi isebenzela ezinye izinto eziphilayo ukuzondla. Umjikelezo we-hydrological ubuye uyingxenye yemvelo ebaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke iplanethi. Zonke izidalwa eziphilayo zisebenzisa amanzi ngoba siyawadinga ukuze sikwazi ukuphila.
Inqubo ehambisa amanzi olwandle nasemhlabeni iyisisekelo ekuphileni futhi yenzeka ngesilinganiso samaplanethi. Lona umjikelezo we-hydrological. Ukuze sinakekele iplanethi, kumelwe sinakekele i-ecosphere futhi sizinakekele.
Imvelo nokuhlolwa
I-ecosphere yaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa okudumile okwenziwa yi-NASA ngombono wokudala i-ecosystems eyayiwuhlobo oluthile lweplanethi. Inhloso kwakuwukulingisa konke ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo nezingaphili ukuze kulingise iplanethi encane enguMhlaba.
Ngaphakathi kwethulwa iqanda eli-crystal i-substrate yamanzi olwandle, enezimfanzi, ulwelwe, igorgonia, amatshe kanye namagciwane. Umsebenzi webhayoloji wenziwa wodwa ngokuphelele njengoba isiqukathi sivalwe nge-hermetically. Okuwukuphela kwento eliyitholayo ngaphandle ukukhanya kwangaphandle ukuze kugcinwe umjikelezo wezinto eziphilayo, okufihla ukuba khona kwelanga eplanethini yethu.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-ecosphere kubonwe njengomhlaba ophelele lapho imfanzi ingahlala khona iminyaka eminingana ngenxa yokweneliseka kwemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, alukho uhlobo lokungcola kwemvelo ngakho-ke aludingi noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlanza futhi ukugcinwa kwalo kuncane. Lolu uhlobo lokulingwa oluthandekayo lokukwazi ukukuqonda lokho, inqobo nje uma ibhalansi yemvelo iyahlonishwa, konke kungaphila ngokuzwana.
Singakwazi ukuqhathanisa okuthile nalokho okwenzekayo namuhla ukuze siqonde futhi siqwashise ngesidingo sokuqalisa izimo ezithile ukuze siphinde sizuze futhi silondoloze ibhalansi yemvelo. Ngobuchwepheshe bamanje singakwazi ukukhiqiza inani elikhulu lamandla angcolisayo kubangela ukuthi ibhalansi yemvelo ilahleke ezingeni lomhlaba. Siphinde sicekele phansi ama-ecosystem kanye nezindawo zokuhlala zezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, ngokuvamile ezizibangela ukuba zishabalala.
Yize isimo semvelo seplanethi yethu siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunaleso sokuzama, imijikelezo yokuphila nayo ikhula ngendlela efanayo. Kunezinto ezithile eziyisisekelo ezingenelela njenge zingumoya, umhlaba, ukukhanya, amanzi nokuphila futhi konke kuhlobene. Abanye bathi i-ecosphere idalwe kusuka kumandla aholela kuzo zombili izimo ze-harmonic nezesiphithiphithi.