Izinhlobo zamafu

Ukubheka isibhakabhaka nokubona amafu kuyinto evame kakhulu. Amafu awakhombisi nje kuphela imvula neziphepho, kepha angasinika ulwazi ngesimo sezulu. Kukhona okuhlukile izinhlobo zamafu esibhakabhakeni futhi ngayinye inezici ezihlukene kanye nezimo zokwakheka. Kulesi sihloko sizofunda ezahlukene izinhlobo zamafu, zisho ukuthini nokuthi zakhiwe ngani.

Ngabe ufuna ukufunda kabanzi ngezinhlobo zamafu? Qhubeka ufunde futhi uzothola konke.

Lenzeka kanjani ifu

Ngaphambi kokuba siqale ukuchaza izinhlobo zamafu kufanele sichaze ukuthi akheka kanjani. Ukuze kube khona amafu esibhakabhakeni, kufanele kube nokupholisa umoya. "I-loop" iqala ngeLanga. Lapho imisebe yelanga ishisa ubuso bomhlaba, ibuye ishise nomoya ozungezile. Umoya onamazinga okushisa aphakeme uba mncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke uvama ukukhuphuka futhi indawo yawo ithathelwe umoya obanda kakhudlwana nonesisindo. Njengoba ukhuphukela phezulu, i-gradient eshisayo yemvelo ibangela ukuthi amazinga okushisa abe phansi. Ngalesi sizathu, umoya uyaphola.

Lapho ifinyelela ungqimba olupholile lomoya, ihlangana ibe umhwamuko wamanzi. Lo muhwamanzi awubonakali ngamehlo, ngoba yakhiwe ngamaconsi amanzi nezinhlayiya zeqhwa. Izinhlayiya zincane ngosayizi ukuthi ziyakwazi ukubanjwa emoyeni ngamagagasi amile mpo.

Umehluko phakathi kokwakheka kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamafu kungenxa yamazinga okushisa efudumele. Kunamanye amafu akha emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanti amanye aphansi. Okuphansi kokushisa kokwakheka, ifu "likhulu". Kunezinhlobo ezithile zamafu ezinikezayo imvula nezinye ezingakwenzi lokho.

Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, ifu elenzayo lizokwakhiwa amakristalu eqhwa. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi amafu ahlakazeka kanjani, njengoba le nqubo inomthelela esimweni sezulu nesimo sezulu.

Enye into ethinta ukwakheka kwamafu ukunyakaza komoya. Amafu enziwa lapho umoya uphumule athambekele ekubonakaleni kwezingqimba noma imicu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lezo ezakhiwa phakathi komoya noma umoya onemisinga eqondile eqondile ziveza intuthuko enkulu eme mpo. Imvamisa izimvula zakamuva ziyimbangela yemvula futhi izivunguvungu.

Amafu aphezulu

Sizohlukanisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamafu ngokususelwa ebangeni eliphakeme lapho akha khona.

Cirrus

Bangamafu amhlophe, asobala futhi angenazithunzi zangaphakathi. Zivela njengeyaziwayo «imisila yamahhashi». Azilutho ngaphandle kwamafu akhiwe ngu amakristalu eqhwa ngenxa yokuphakama lapho zikhona. Zifana nemicu emide, emincane enokusatshalaliswa okungaphezulu noma okuncane ngendlela yolayini abafanayo.

Ungalibona ngeso lenyama ngokubuka isibhakabhaka ubone ukuthi kungathi isibhakabhaka sipendwe ngamabhulashi. Uma sonke isibhakabhaka simbozwe amafu e-cirrus, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu okungazelelwe kungenzeka kakhulu emahoreni angama-24 alandelayo. Ngokuvamile, lezi izinguquko ekuncipheni kwezinga lokushisa. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngalezi zenzakalo, ungathintana amafu e-cirrus.

I-Cirrocumulus

Lawa mafu akha ungqimba cishe oluqhubekayo olunokubukeka kwangaphandle okushwabene futhi olunobubuso obuyindilinga njengokungathi ama-flakes amancane kakotini. Amafu amhlophe qwa ngaphandle kokwethula isithunzi. Lapho isibhakabhaka sibonakala simbozwe ngalolu hlobo lwamafu, kuthiwa siyabhoreka. Kufana nokwelukwa kwezimvu.

Zivame ukuvela eceleni kwamafu e-cirrus futhi khombisa ukuthi isimo sezulu siyashintsha cishe amahora ayishumi nambili. Lapho zivela, ngokuvamile zandulelwa isiphepho. Ngokusobala azikhombisi into efanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukube bekunjalo, i- meteorology kanye nokubikezela isimo sezulu bekungaba lula kakhulu. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne-altocumulus, ungafunda amafu altocumulus.

I-Cirrostratus

Babonakala ekuboneni kokuqala njengeveyili lapho kunzima khona ukuhlukanisa imininingwane. Kwesinye isikhathi imiphetho ingabonwa njengoba inde futhi ibanzi. Zibonakala kalula ngoba zakha i-halo esibhakabhakeni zizungeze ilanga nenyanga. Imvamisa zenzeka kumafu we-cirrus futhi zikhombise ukuthi isimo sezulu esibi noma ezinye ibunzi elifudumele.

Amafu aphakathi nendawo

Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamafu aphakathi sithola:

I-Altocumulus

Bangamafu amise okwe-flake amaphakathi ngobukhulu anesakhiwo esingajwayelekile. Lawa mafu ahlinzeka ama-flakes kanye nama-ripples engxenyeni yawo engezansi. I-Altocumulus khombisa ukuthi isimo sezulu esibi siyaqala kungaba ngenxa yemvula noma iziphepho. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalolu hlobo lwamafu, ungavakashela iwebhusayithi yethu.

IStratus ephakeme

Lawa amafu anezendlalelo ezincanyana nezinye izindawo ezijiyile. Ezimweni eziningi ilanga liyabonakala ngesembozo sefu. Ukubukeka kufana namabala angajwayelekile. Zibonisa imvula enhle ngenxa yokwehla kwezinga lokushisa. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nalawa mafu ngendatshana yethu ethi.

Amafu aphansi

Basondele kakhulu ngaphezulu. Phakathi kwabo sine:

I-Nimbostratus

Zibonakala njengolwelwesi olujwayelekile olumnyama olumnyama olunamazinga ahlukahlukene wokukhanya. Kungenxa yokuthi ukuminyana kuyahlukahluka kulo lonke ifu. Zijwayelekile ezimvula zasentwasahlobo nasehlobo. Zitholakala futhi emvuleni ngendlela ye- nieve.

I-Stratocumulus

Yilabo abanama-undulations afana namasilinda amade. Futhi banama-undulations athile emithunzi ehlukahlukene empunga. Akuvamile ukuthi balethe imvula. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana namafu we-stratus, ungavakashela isihloko sethu ku isigaba.

I-Strata

Ukubukeka kungokwesikhumba esimpunga ngaphandle kokubona izakhiwo ezichazwe kahle. Inezinqa ezithile zamazinga ahlukene wokukhanya. Phakathi nezinyanga ezibandayo bayakwazi ukubekezelela usuku lonke, okwenza indawo ibukeke imnyama ngokwengeziwe. Uma kufika intwasahlobo bavela ekuseni kakhulu futhi bahlakazeke emini. Ikhombisa isimo sezulu esihle. Kubalulekile ukwazi lezi zinhlobo zamafu ukuze uchaze kahle isimo sezulu.

Ukuthuthukiswa okuqondile kwamafu

Lawa amafu aletha amadigri amakhulu osayizi nemvula.

Amafu weCumulus

Banokubukeka okushisayo nezithunzi ezimakwe kakhulu, kuze kufike ezingeni lokuvimba ilanga. Bangamafu ampunga. Isisekelo saso sivundlile, kepha ingxenye yaso engenhla inezingqimba ezinkulu. Amafu we-Cumulus ahambelana nesimo sezulu esihle lapho kunomswakama omncane omncane nokunyakaza komoya okuqondile mpo. Bayakwazi ukudala imvula neziphepho. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngesihloko, sikumema ukuthi uthole indatshana yethu amafu e-cumulus.

Cumulonimbus

Bangamafu amakhulu futhi abukeka kakhulu ngobuningi ngokuthuthuka okukhulu mpo. Zimpunga ngombala futhi zimboza ilanga ngokuphelele. Lezi yizona ezijwayelekile ezenzeka lapho kunezivunguvungu zize zikhiqize nesichotho.