Izintaba Ezimnyama, ezisakazwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni wonke, zigqama kakhulu ubunye be-geological, ukulungiswa kwezwe nangezakhi zemvelo eziwazungezile. Lezi zindawo azikhangi kuphela izazi ze-geologists nabacwaningi, kodwa futhi nabahamba ngezinyawo nabathandi bemvelo ngenxa yabo ukunotha kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nalo ubuhle bendawo.
Ukuthatha uhambo lwamaphoyinti abalulekile ahlukene lapho i-Black Mountains ingumlingiswa oyinhloko, sithola uchungechunge lwedatha ethakazelisayo mayelana nabo. ukuqeqeshwa, indaba y izici. Kusukela emakhoneni akude kakhulu e-Tenerife ukuya emaphethelweni aseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Massif Central, lezi zintaba zifihla izindaba nezimfihlo ezingapheli esizozidalula kuwe namuhla.
Ukwakheka kanye nezici ze-geological
Izintaba Ezimnyama zaziwa ngezazo intaba-mlilo, okubanikeza amathoni abo amnyama. Ngokwesibonelo, eTenerife, iNtaba Emnyama yakhiwa phakathi nomjikelezo wesithathu wokuqhuma, inqubo eyandulelwa isikhathi eside sokungasebenzi kwentaba-mlilo. Phakathi nalesi sigaba, ukuguguleka kwabumba ukukhululeka, kwamba imihosha ejulile futhi kwadala amawa amangalisayo ngenxa yesenzo solwandle.
Inqubo yokwakheka kwalezi zintaba zentaba-mlilo Kwaqala ngokuqhuma okwadala izigaxa zentaba-mlilo ezakhiwa ikakhulukazi i-basanite, uhlobo lwamatshe amnyama, aminyene entaba-mlilo. I-Black Mountain, ikakhulukazi, ine-lava flows obude bayo obukhulu bufinyelele kumamitha angu-105, iqiniso elibonisa ubukhulu besenzakalo sokwakheka komhlaba.
Endabeni yentaba-mlilo yaseMontaña Negra eTenerife, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Montaña del Estrecho noma i-Volcán Garachico, ukuqhuma kwayo okokugcina okurekhodiwe kwenzeka ngo-1706. Lokhu kwakungenye yezibhubhisa kakhulu, njengoba yalithinta kakhulu ichweba lasendulo laseGarachico. Ngesikhathi sokuqhuma, i-lava emibili emikhulu igeleza cishe ngamamitha angama-500 ububanzi yehlela edolobheni, yacekela phansi kakhulu indawo yayo. ingqalasizinda futhi ishintsha njalo umnotho. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinqubo zentaba-mlilo, ungabheka nokuthi intaba-mlilo ikhiqizwa kanjani. Ukuqhuma kwe-Strombolian futhi uqonde kangcono izinhlobo ezahlukene zomsebenzi wentaba-mlilo.
Indawo yendawo kanye nezwe
Esinye isifunda lapho sithola khona izintaba Ezimnyama yiMassif Central, eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeFrance. Izungezwe amathafa aseLauragais naseMinervois, lezi zintaba zinwebeka ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-70 futhi zeqa iminyango emithathu: iTarn, i-Aude neHérault. Isiqongo esiphakeme kunazo zonke salesi sikhulu, i-Pic de Nore, sifinyelela kumamitha angu-1.211 futhi sinikeza ukuphakama. i-panorama eyingqayizivele esukela ePyrenees iye oLwandle iMedithera. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinye izintaba, ungavakashela Izintaba ze-Atlas futhi uziqhathanise ngokokwakheka kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukuhluka kwezwe okunikezwa yilezi zintaba Ifanele ukubongwa. Emthambekeni we-Tarn, okuthonywa isimo sezulu solwandle, izihlahla ze-oki nezama-chestnut zigcwele, kuyilapho ezindaweni eziningi zaseMedithera kunezinkangala nezimfunda ezomile ezakha indawo evelele.
Imizila nemisebenzi e-Black Mountains
Enye yezinto ezikhangayo eziyinhloko ze-Black Mountains ukuthi kungenzeka ukwenza izindlela zokuhamba izintaba. E-Tenerife, isibonelo, ukuhamba okuyindilinga ezungeze i-Montaña Negra kuvezwa njenge- isipiliyoni esiyingqayizivele kwabahamba ngezinyawo. Uhambo luqala edolobheni elincane laseSan José de Los Llanos, lapho ungafinyelela khona indawo yokungcebeleka ifakwe indawo yokupaka eyanele nezindawo zepikiniki.
Ukuhamba ngezinyawo kulesi sifunda kukuvumela ukuthi uhlole kokubili ukugeleza kodaka kanye namahlathi aminyene azungeze intaba. Kuyindlela ekahle yawo wonke amazinga, njengoba izintaba zilinganiselwe futhi imizila ichazwa kahle. Nokho, kuyatuseka ukuphatha idivayisi ye-GPS ngoba ezinye izindawo zingaba nokudida lapho uthola indlela yakho.
Enye inketho ethokozisayo ukuvakashela i-Arenas Negras, indawo enkulu yepikiniki eseduze nentaba-mlilo yaseMontaña Negra, lapho kuhlangana khona izindlela eziningi zokuhamba izintaba. Le ndawo izokuvumela ukuthi uthathe ikhefu noma uhlele izinkambo ezintsha, njengoba kusuka lapha imizila ixhuma kwabanye. amaphuzu ayizifanekiselo njengentaba-mlilo yaseChinyero.
Amagugu emvelo namagugu
Izintaba Ezimnyama aziwona nje umbukwane wemvelo, kodwa futhi zinenani elibalulekile lesayensi. Ucwaningo lwabo lunikeze ukuqonda okungcono kwezinqubo ze-geological kanye nentaba-mlilo ezakha iziqhingi nezinye izindawo ezinemvelaphi yentaba-mlilo. Ukuze ujule ngokubaluleka kwalezi zinqubo, ungafunda ukuthi ungabikezela kanjani eyodwa kanye nomthelela wayo kuma-ecosystem.
Naphezu kokubaluleka kwazo ngokwesayensi, ezinye izindawo ezifana neMontaña Negra eTelde, Gran Canaria, azinalo uhlobo lwe isivikelo esisemthethweni, okubenza babe sengozini yokungenelela kwabantu. Lokhu kuphambene nezinye izindawo lapho, ngenxa yezizathu zokongiwa kwemvelo, ukukhuphuka kwezintaba-mlilo kwenqatshelwe, njengoba kwenzeka eMontaña Negra naseChinyero eTenerife.
E-Massif Central, lezi zintaba nazo zigqama ngezazo eziphilayo, njengoba zinikeza indawo yokukhosela ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ezivumelana nezimo zezulu ezihluke kakhulu. Kusukela emahlathini aluhlaza ezindaweni ezimanzi kuya ezindaweni ezomile emithambekeni yaseMedithera, Izintaba Ezimnyama ziyi-mosaic yemvelo okufanele igcinwe.
Ngokungangabazeki, iziNtaba Ezimnyama zingaphezu nje kweqoqo lamadwala entaba-mlilo. Indaba yakhe, eyakhe ubuhle bendawo kanye namathuba abawanikezayo ezokungcebeleka nokucwaninga awenza abe izindawo ezibalulekile kulabo abafuna ukuxhumana nemvelo futhi bathole izimfihlo ezifihliwe iplanethi yethu.
