Iziphuphutheki ezizungeza iplanethi yethu ziwushintshe ngokuphelele umbono wethu ngomhlaba. Ngenxa yabo sithola ulwazi oluningi mayelana neplanethi yethu, kanye ne-meteorology, izinga lokushisa nokunye okuningi. Abantu abaningi bayazibuza mangaki amasathelayithi aku-orbit ngasikhathi sinye
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi mangaki amasathelayithi aku-orbit njengamanje, ukuthi abaluleke kangakanani nokunye okuningi.
Mangaki amasathelayithi aku-orbit
I-Union of Conscious Scientists ilinganisela lokho Njengamanje kunamasathelayithi angaphezu kuka-5.465 ku-orbit yomhlaba. Uma ukhuluma ngezibikezelo, akunakwenzeka ukungakhulumi nge-SpaceX. Le nkampani yasemkhathini, eholwa ngu-Elon Musk, ihlezi yethula isilinganiso sesathelayithi eyodwa ngenyanga njengengxenye yohlelo lwayo olulangazelele lwe-Starlink, oluhlose ukuhlinzeka nge-inthanethi emhlabeni wonke. Njengamanje, i-SpaceX ithumele ngempumelelo amasathelayithi angama-600 ku-Earth orbit futhi singalindela ukuthi le nombolo iqhubeke nokukhula kakhulu esikhathini esizayo.
Ilandela ezinyathelweni ze-SpaceX, i-Amazon isimemezele ukungena kwayo emjahweni we-inthanethi wesathelayithi ngephrojekthi yayo yeKuiper. Le phrojekthi yabelana ngezinjongo ezifanayo njengephrojekthi ye-Starlink. Ukufeza lo mgomo, uJeff Bezos uhlela ukutshala amasathelayithi angu-3.000 ngendlela emangalisayo ku-orbit. Umgomo uwukunikeza ukusabalala komhlaba wonke, ngokunaka okukhethekile ezindaweni ezingenakho ukuxhumana kwe-inthanethi okwamanje.
I-Euroconsult, inkampani ehamba phambili yokubonisana, ishicilele umbiko oqokomisa ukwanda okukhulu kokwethulwa kwesathelayithi. Bakubikezela lokho Cishe amasathelayithi ayi-1.700 azokwethulwa minyaka yonke kuze kube ngu-2030. Lokhu kwanda kokusatshalaliswa kwesathelayithi kungase kubangelwe ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, okuvumele amasathelayithi amancane kodwa anamandla futhi ahlukahlukene. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kuyintuthuko enhle, ochwepheshe abaningi bazwakalisa ukukhathazeka ngezingozi ezingaba khona ezihlobene nenani elikhulayo lamasathelayithi azungeza uMhlaba.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe kumasathelayithi
Njengoba amasathelayithi ehla ngosayizi, ukwakhiwa nokwethulwa kwawo kuya ngokuya kuba nokwenzeka. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kukuhle, kuyimbangela yokukhathazeka phakathi kochwepheshe abathile. Izikhulu eziphezulu ezivela embuthweni womoya amaningana ziphakamise i-alamu mayelana nezingozi eziseduze zokushayisana kwesathelayithi ku-Earth orbit. Nakuba umkhathi ungase ubonakale ungenamingcele, umjikelezo weplanethi yethu awunjalo. Ingozi yokushayisana kwesathelayithi ibeka engcupheni izingxenye ezibalulekile zempucuko yabantu, okuhlanganisa nokulawula ukuzulazula, ukuphathwa kwe-airspace, ukubikezela inhlekelele yemvelo, nokuphepha kosomkhathi ku-International Space Station. Imiphumela engaba khona idlulela ngalé kwezindawo zokuxoxisana, ezombangazwe kanye nezezimali futhi ingaholela esimweni esiyinhlekelele.
Ukuphathwa okuphumelelayo kwamasathelayithi ku-orbit kuyisici esibalulekile esingenakushalazelwa. Ukukhathazeka okucindezelayo mayelana nokushayisana kwesathelayithi okungase kube khona kanye nensada ekhulayo yemfucumfucu yasemkhathini idinga ukuhlola inkulumo yamanje mayelana nokuphathwa kwethrafikhi yasemkhathini. Lolu daba selubaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke ohulumeni, ikakhulukazi abase-United States kanye noMnyango wayo Wezokuvikela. Kodwa-ke, ukwanda kwenani lamasathelayithi azungeza uMhlaba kuguqule ukuhamba komkhathi kwaba udaba oludlulela ngalé kukahulumeni nezinhlangano zezokuvikela, futhi manje seluhlanganisa nezithakazelo zezohwebo. Ngakho-ke, indlela esungulwe phambilini kulolu daba kufanele ihlolwe kabusha futhi ishintshwe ngendlela efanele.
Izingcezu zamasathelayithi ku-orbit
Njengamanje, uma sikhuluma ngokuba khona kwamasathelayithi emhlabeni jikelele, sicabangela kuphela inani lamasathelayithi asebenzayo ku-orbit. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba khona kwamasathelayithi amaningi angasebenzi noma alahlekile anqamula ngokuyimfihlo umjikelezo woMhlaba. Ngaphandle kwalokho, Akumele singakunaki ubungozi obungaba khona be-International Space Station kanye ne-Hubble Space Telescope ehlonishwayo. Emkhathini omkhulu womkhathi, izinsalela zamarokhethi asetshenziswa ngesikhathi kwethulwa, kanye nemishini ehlukahlukene eshiywe osomkhathi, iyaqhubeka nokuntanta ngokukhululeka.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela izigidi zezinto ezincane, njengama-chips opende nezingcezu zepulasitiki, ezibeka inselele enkulu mayelana nokulandelela. Ucwaningo oluhlukahlukene olwenziwe yi-European Space Agency (ESA) lulinganise lokho Kukhona cishe izinto zesikhala eziyi-170.699.000 ezinkulu kuno-10 cm.. Lezi zinto zinamandla okudala umonakalo omkhulu kumkhumbi-mkhathi, i-International Space Station, noma zibangele ukungqubuzana nokuhlukana kwamasathelayithi amakhulu.
Nakuba umthelela wemfucumfucu yasemkhathini ungase ungabi mubi njengalowo we-asteroid, inkanyezi enomsila noma i-meteorite, imiphumela isengaba yinhlekelele. Isibonelo esiphawulekayo sokushayisana kwesathelayithi senzeka ngo-2009, okubandakanya isathelayithi yaseRussia engasebenzi i-Cosmos 2251 kanye nesathelayithi esebenzayo i-Iridium 33, eyayisebenza esifundeni saseSiberia. Lokhu kungqubuzana kubangele ukukhululwa okuphawulekayo kwemfucumfucu emigudwini yomibili engaphezulu nephansi.
Izindleko ngenxa yokushayisana phakathi kwamasathelayithi
Izincwadi eziningana ze-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) zikhiphe izexwayiso ezicacile mayelana nezingozi ezingokomzimba, zezezimali nezenhlalo ezihlobene nezingozi zasemkhathini, ikakhulukazi inkinga ekhulayo yemfucumfucu yasemkhathini. Ngokwemibiko ye-OECD, ukushayisana kwamasathelayithi amakhulu kungabangela umonakalo obiza amakhulu ezigidi zamaRandi, ngaphandle kokukhohlwa ubungozi obukhona bemishini yasemkhathini ebiza izigidi.
Le mibiko iphinde igqamise izindleko ezimba eqolo zokubhekana nendaba yemfucumfucu yasemkhathini, kodwa igcizelela ukuthi imiphumela yokudebeselela ukungcoliswa kwendawo yomoya ingaba mkhulu nakakhulu. Njenganoma yiluphi ushintsho, kufanele manje siqale ukwamukela izindleko ezihilelekile. Kubonakala sengathi inkathi Ukuthunyelwa kwemfucumfucu ngokungakhethi emkhathini sekuzophela futhi sesiqhubekela ohlotsheni lwemvelo yasemkhathini.
Kubalulekile ukubhekana namazwe aseke ahlola i-anti-satellite eminyakeni yamuva nje. Olunye uvivinyo olunjalo olwenziwa yiRussia lwathola ukugxekwa okuqinile kubo bobabili ohulumeni base-US nase-UK. Nakuba kubalulekile ukusula umjikelezo woMhlaba wemfucumfucu yesathelayithi, akufanele kwenziwe ngokuhlangene. Ukuphepha kwayo yonke imisebenzi yasemkhathini manje kuncike ekukhishweni kwemfucumfucu yasemkhathini nasekuvimbeleni ukushayisana. Ngokukhula kwenani lamasathelayithi namadivayisi ahlanganisa indawo yomoya Yomhlaba, sekuvele kunjalo Isikhathi sokusungula inhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe ezimele ekwazi ukuhlinzeka ngezixazululo ezingokoqobo futhi kunengqondo ngokwesayensi ukunciphisa ubungozi obubangelwa uquqaba lwamasathelayithi azungeza iplanethi yethu.
Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi lukusiza ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuthi mangaki amasathelayithi aku-orbit kanye nokubaluleka kwawo.
