Njengoba sazi, phakathi nenkathi Mesozoic Kunezikhathi ezi-3 ezibonisa umehluko ekwakhiweni kwezimbali nezilwane kanye nesimo sezulu kanye nokwakheka komhlaba. Lezo zinkathi ezi-3 yilezi: I-Triassic, I-Jurassic y Okuhle kakhulu. Namuhla sizogxila ekutadisheni i- Izilwane ze-Jurassic. Lesi yisikhathi lapho wonke ama-dinosaurs esakazeka ezindaweni eziningi ezishisayo zomhlaba.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwezilwane zeJurassic.
Izici eziyinhloko
Uma kwakukhona into eyodwa eyagqama ngesikhathi seJurassic, ukuthi yahlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu kwempilo ngendlela ebanzi, kokubili emazingeni ezitshalo nezilwane. Futhi eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-56 lesi sikhathi sathatha, zonke izitshalo zakwazi ukudala amahlathi namahlathi lapho inani elikhulu lezilwane zanda khona.
Kulezi zilwane ezakha izilwane sithola ama-dinosaurs. Izilwane ezazidlangile kuzo zonke izingqimba zomhlaba kwakuyizindawo zomhlaba nezasemanzini. Akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi ezingeni le-geological kwakukhona umsebenzi omkhulu wamapuleti we-tectonic.
Ama-Dinosaurs kwakuyizilwane ezaziwa kakhulu ngenxa yocwaningo olujulile alwenzile ngezinsalela ezitholakele. Impilo yezilwane phakathi nalenkathi yakwazi ukunqoba zonke izindawo zokuhlala, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indawo yasemhlabeni, yasolwandle, noma yasemoyeni. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nesikhathi ungabheka isihloko ku-.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezilwane zeJurassic
Ezingenamgogodla
Eqenjini lezilwane ezingenamgogodla singabona ukuthi ama-mollusk agcwele. Phakathi kwama-molluscs, ikakhulukazi ama-gastropods, ama-bivalves nama-cephalopod akhula futhi ahlukahluka kakhulu. Ngenxa yokushabalala okwenzeka ngesikhathi se-Triassic engasekho Amanye amakilasi ashabalala, njengama-Ammonoids namaNautiloids. (qhubeka kuze kube namuhla) namaBelemnoideos.
Elinye iqembu lama-invertebrates nawo athola ukuhlukahluka okukhulu ngesikhathi seJurassic kwakuyi-echinoderms. Phakathi kwama-echinoderm, lawo ayingxenye ye-asteroid yiwona asakazeke kakhulu. Kuleli klasi sine-starfish. Ama-Echinoid agcwala izindawo eziningi zasolwandle. Ama-sea urchins afakiwe kuleli qembu.
Kuwo wonke ama-arthropods ayeningi. Ngokuyinhloko bonke labo abasesigabeni sama-crustaceans athuthukiswe endaweni yasolwandle, lapho sinenkalankala khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bekukhona ezinye izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezifana nezimvemvane, iminyovu nezintethe.
Ama-Vertebrates
Njengokulindelekile, phakathi kwezilwane ezinomgogodla, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zazibusa ngokuphelele lesi sikhathi. Futhi ezilwaneni zeJurassic, iqembu lezilwane ezazidlangile kakhulu kwakuyizibankwakazi. Ama-amphibians nawo aqala ukugqama, kodwa ngokwezinga elincane. Nakuba babembalwa abameleli beqembu lezilwane ezincelisayo, nabo baqala ukukhula phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini sithola imvelo igcwele impilo. Iningi lempilo eyayikhona ngaleso sikhathi yathuthukiswa endaweni yasolwandle. Kwakunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi, yize izilwane ezihuquzelayo zasemanzini kwakungamakhosi amanzi. Abamele kakhulu yilaba abalandelayo:
- Ichthyosaurs: Lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo lwasakazwa kuzo zonke izilwandle zomhlaba. Ukudla kwayo bekuyinyama ngokuphelele futhi yahlasela inyamazane enkulu. Babekwazi ukulinganisa amamitha angu-18 ubude futhi babe namaphiko amaningana, i-caudal eyodwa kanye ne-dorsal eyodwa. Ku-morphology yayo sithola umzimba omude kanye nekhala elide elisebenzela ukubamba kangcono inyamazane. Yayinezindawo ezithuthuke kakhulu ukuze ikwazi ukwenza ama-rips amahle. Ngokwezinsalela ezitholakale kuma-ichthyosaurs, singaphetha ngokuthi kwakuyizilwane eziphila kahle. Okusho ukuthi, umbungu ukhula ngaphakathi komzimba kamama.
- Ama-Plesiosaurs: Lezi zilwane zasolwandle zazizikhudlwana kune-ichthyosaur. Ayekwazi ukulinganisa amamitha angama-23 ubude. Intamo yayo yayine-morphology ende kakhulu. Babenemilenze emi-4 eyayibavumela ukuba bahambe ngokushesha ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi babemise okwezimpiko. Umzimba wakhe wawubanzi impela.
Izilwane zeJurassic zohlobo lwasemoyeni nolomhlaba
Singakhohlwa ukuthi ngesikhathi seJurassic kwavela nezinyoni ezincane, nakuba kwakuyizilwane ezihuquzelayo ezindizayo ezazibusa emoyeni. Lawa kwakungamaPterosaur. Lezi zilwane zazinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kuye ngezinhlobo zezilwane futhi sasingathola kusukela kwezincane kuya kwezinye ezinkulu kakhulu. Umzimba wayo wawugcwele uboya namaphiko amade ayenziwe ulwelwesi olwaluxhunywe eminweni yesandla ngendlela efanayo namalulwane.
Ngenxa yezinsalela eziningi esizitholile amaPterosaurs singazi ukuthi ayevundlile. Kungenzeka ukuthi babenombono omuhle wokukwazi ukubamba inyamazane kusuka ezindaweni eziphakeme. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukudla kwabo bekudla kakhulu futhi bebengadla nezinhlanzi nezinye izinambuzane. Ukuze babambe izinhlanzi ezisemanzini badinga ukubuka okuhle.
Ngokuqondene nezilwane ezinomgogodla wendawo yokuhlala yasemhlabeni, sinazo ikakhulukazi izibankwakazi ezinkulu. Ama-Dinosaurs ayekhona ngezinhlobo ezimbili: izilwane ezidla inyama kanye nezilwane ezidla uhlaza. Phakathi kwezilwane ezidla uhlaza, i-Apatosaurus, i-Brachiosaurus, i-Gigantspinosaurus ne-Camarasaurus, phakathi kokunye, yayidlangile. Ake sizichaze kafushane:
- I-Apatosaurus: Ingaba nesisindo esifinyelela kumathani angama-30 futhi ibinkulu (amamitha angama-21).
- I-Brachiosaurus: Ihamba ngemilenze emi-4 futhi ibinobukhulu bayo obukhulu nentamo ende. Kwakungamamitha ayi-13 ukuphakama namamitha angama-23 ubude.
- I-Camarasaurus: ingafinyelela kumamitha angu-18 ubude. Umgogodla wakhe wawunohlobo lwegumbi lomoya elalisiza ukunciphisa isisindo somzimba wakhe.
- IGigantspinosaurus: Yayihlonywe ngokuphelele ngamapuleti amathambo. Nakuba yayingenkulu kangako, yayinesivikelo esikhulu. Ingafinyelela kumamitha angu-5 ubude.
Phakathi kwama-dinosaurs adlayo sinakho okulandelayo:
- I-Allosaurus: emaphethelweni abo babenezinzipho ezanele ngokwanele ukuze bakwazi ukubamba inyamazane yabo. Babekwazi ukukala okungafika kumamitha ayi-12 ubude.
- I-Compsognathus: Nakuba yayidla inyama, yayincane kakhulu ngosayizi. Yayifinyelela imitha elilodwa kuphela ubude.
- I-Cryolophosaurus: Yafinyelela kumamitha ayi-6 kuphela ubude namamitha ama-3 ukuphakama. Izitho zayo zangaphambili zazinezinzipho eziqinile ezikwazi ukudwengula inyamazane yayo ibe yizicucu.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezilwane zeJurassic.