Esinye sezifiso esizitholayo maqondana nokuziphendukela kwemvelo komuntu nokongiwa kwaso ukuthi U-Tzi indoda yeqhwa. Imayelana nendoda ebigcinwe kumama futhi owashona ngo-3255 BC. C uneminyaka engama-46 ubudala. Umama utholwe ngenxa yomkhankaso wabagibeli bezintaba baseJalimane ngaphambili e-Ötzal. Kubhekwa njengomama womuntu wemvelo omdala kunabo bonke kulo lonke elaseYurophu futhi sekudume ngoba kunikeza ukubukeka okuningiliziwe ngabantu ababekhona ngeNkathi Yethusi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, okutholakele kanye nesifiso sika-zitzi the Iceman.
Okutholakele ngo-Ötzi the Iceman
Ososayensi bakwazile ukuthola imbangela yokucwiliswa kwesidumbu. Lesi yisimo lapho kubanda kakhulu okwenzeka kulezi Alps ukwazile ukuqhubekisa ukubola kwesidumbu futhi wasigwinya. Ngesikhathi abagibeli bezintaba bethola lesi sidumbu bakholelwa ukuthi yisidumbu sanamuhla. Kujwayelekile kakhulu ukuthola ezinye izidumbu zabanye abagibeli bezintaba ababhajwe ezintabeni ngamakhaza amakhulu. Kodwa-ke, yatholwa yiziphathimandla zase-Austria futhi kwenziwa isifundo ngokuthandana kwayo kweqiniso.
Isidumbu sika-Ötzi wase-Iceman sahlolwa kabanzi, sahlolwa nge-X-ray, salinganiswa futhi sabhalwa usuku. Kunconywa ukwenza ukuhlaziywa kwezicubu ezinhle kakhulu ezingagcinwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Okuqukethwe kwezitho kungabuye kuhlaziywe futhi kuhlolwe ngesibonakhulu. Kutholwe imikhondo yempova emzimbeni kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Ngenxa yocwaningo lwesayensi lokulandelana kwe-genome kwavezwa ukuthi lokhu Le ndoda ibinamehlo ansundu, iqembu le-O +, ukungabekezelelani kwe-lactose, nezinkinga zenhliziyo. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuphila ezikhathini zasendulo, ezinye izimo zingahlolwa, njengalezo ze impucuko yasendulo namasiko azo.
Izilinganiso zokuma komzimba ka-Ötzi the Iceman zisikisela ukuthi wayecishe abe amasentimitha angu-159 ubude, enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-50, futhi eneminyaka engu-46 ubudala. Ngenxa yalo lonke ucwaningo nobuchwepheshe besimanje, kwatholakala ukuthi le ndoda inesifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga, imigodi, izilokazane zamathumbu nesifo iLyme. Njengoba ungase ubone, ngenxa yentuthuko yesayensi, kungase kutholakale ukwaziswa okuningi esidumbuni, ngisho noma sisidala njengalesi.
Ukwaziswa okwakungatholakala empovani eyayitholakala ezingutsheni zakhe kwakuvela ku-hornbeam emnyama. I-hornbeam emnyama isihlahla esiqhakaza e-Alps kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuJuni futhi kubonisa lokho UÖtzi u-Iceman washona entwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Ukuhlaziywa kwesayensi
Ososayensi balungiselela ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe okuhlukahlukene ukuze bathole ukwaziswa okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngo-Ötzi i-Iceman. Ukuhlaziywa kwezinhlamvu ze-pollen, uthuli nokwakheka kwe-isotopic koqweqwe lwamazinyo kukhombise ukuthi uchithe bonke ubuntwana bakhe edolobhaneni lamanje laseVelturno.
Ukuhlaziywa kwamathumbu kubonise ukuthi kukhona ukudla okubili kwakamuva. Okunye kwalokhu kudla kwakungamahora angu-8 ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe. Okunye kwalokhu kudla kwakuhlanganisa inyama ye-chamois, inyamazane ebomvu, futhi evame ukudliwa nokusanhlamvu. Lokhu okusanhlamvu kungenzeka i-bran esetshenzisiwe evela einkorn etshaliwe nokuthi impela sasidliwe sisimo sesinkwa. Emathunjini bekubuye kutholakale imbewu ethile ye-blackthorn okungama-plums amancane esihlahla se-blackthorn nezinye izimpande.
Ngempova okutholwe isidlo sokuqala, bekukhonjiswa ukuthi idliwe ehlathini eliphakathi nendawo le-coniferous. Eminye impova ikhombisa ubukhona bukakolweni nemidumba ebingavunwa emasimini asekhaya. Ngokuqhubeka nokuhlaziya inani lempova etholakele, bekungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale izinhlamvu zempova ze-hornbeam. Ibitholakala isesimweni esihle futhi inamaseli angaqinile ngaphakathi. Lokhu kwabonisa ukuthi kwakuyimpova entsha nokuthi yayisanda kukhuleliswa ngesikhathi sokushona kuka-zitzi kuno-Iceman.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuvuna ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kanye neziqephu zasekwindla kumele kube zigcinwe kusukela ngonyaka odlule. Izicubu eziningi zikamama zonakaliswe amazinga okushisa nezinguquko ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokuthutha umzimba. Lezi zinkinga zenze ukuhlaziya okwengeziwe kwaba nzima futhi kwenze kwaba nzima ukuqonda lezi zicubu. Ulwazi oluningi lungakhishwa ezimngcwabeni inqobo nje uma isimo sazo sokulondolozwa sisihle kakhulu. Ukushintsha kancane kwezinga lokushisa noma izimo zemvelo kungonakalisa izicubu zibe emazingeni aphezulu kangangokuthi azikwazi ukubonakala.
U-Tzi indoda yeqhwa nezenzo zakhe zakamuva
Ngenxa yokutholakala kwezinto ezazisesidunjini, kwaba lula ukwazi izenzo zokugcina zika-zitzi iceman ngaphambi kokuba afe. Ngokwalokho okubonwayo, le ndoda izamile ukuphilisa okuthile okunjengokusikwa ebinakho esandleni isebenzisa ubulembu. Lokhu kungaqinisekiswa ngezinsalela ezitholakala emzimbeni. Lo muntu kungenzeka ukuthi wayazi ngezinto ezijiyisayo zobulembu obuthize bexhaphozi futhi wakufaka enxebeni. Mhlawumbe, ngemuva kokufaka ukudla esikushilo ngaphambili, ingxenye yalowo moss yafinyelela ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Konke lokhu kungaba yizinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele ngoba bekubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi le ndoda ibe nolwazi olungejwayelekile lwezakhiwo zezitshalo ezizungezile.
Babuye batholakala Ama-tattoos angama-68 esihlakaleni sesobunxele, ama-2 emuva engezansi, ama-5 emlenzeni wesokudla namabili emlenzeni wesobunxele. Amaqembu amancane emithende ehambisanayo engakhi iphethini ebonakalayo. Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi u-Ötzi wase-Iceman wayenaso yini isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga kulezi zindawo, kwadingeka kusetshenziswe ama-X ray. Kube nokuqagela okuningi kokuthi ama-tattoos ayengaba nomsebenzi wokuphulukisa ngemilingo ngaleso sikhathi. Lolu uhlobo lwe-acupuncture namuhla.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngo-zitzi the ice man.