Isimiso sonozungezilanga Inkulu ngobukhulu futhi asikwazanga ukuhamba ngayo ngokuphelele ekuphileni kwethu. Asikho isimiso sonozungezilanga esisodwa kuphela endaweni yonke, kodwa kunezigidi zemithala efana nowethu. Isimiso sonozungezilanga singesomthala owaziwa ngokuthi i-Milky Way. Yakhiwe yiLanga namaplanethi ayisishiyagalolunye anesathelayithi yawo. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule kwanqunywa ukuthi iPluto yayingeyona ingxenye yamaplanethi ngoba yayingahlangabezani nencazelo yeplanethi.
Ingabe uyafuna ukwazi isimiso sonozungezilanga ngokujula? Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizokhuluma ngezici, ukuthi yini eyakhayo nokuthi yiziphi izinto eziguquguqukayo zayo. Uma ufuna ukufunda ngakho, qhubeka ufunda
Ukwakhiwa kohlelo lwelanga
Como IPluto ayisathathwa njengeplanethi, isimiso sonozungezilanga sakhiwe iLanga, amaplanethi ayisishiyagalombili, i-planetoid namasathelayithi ayo. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi kukhona le mizimba, kodwa kukhona nama-asteroids, izinkanyezi ezinomsila, ama-meteorite, uthuli lwe-interplanetary kanye negesi. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ubudlelwano phakathi kwezingxenye zesimiso sonozungezilanga kanye nokwakheka kwayo, ungafunda mayelana Sakheka kanjani isimiso sonozungezilanga.
Kuze kube ngo-1980 bekucatshangwa ukuthi isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga yiso kuphela esikhona. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinkanyezi zazitholakala zisondelene kakhulu futhi zizungezwe imvilophi yezinto ezizungezayo. Lokhu okuqukethwe kunosayizi ongacaciswanga futhi kuhambisana nezinye izinto zesibhakabhaka ezifana nezinsundu ezinsundu noma ezinsundu. Ngalokhu, ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi kumele kube nezinhlelo eziningi zelanga elizungezile ezifana nezethu.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo nophenyo oluningi luye lwaholela ekutholakaleni kwamanye amaplanethi azungeza uhlobo lweLanga. Lamaplanethi atholakale ngokungaqondile. Okusho ukuthi, phakathi nophenyo, amaplanethi atholakele futhi axilongwa. Izibalo ezibanjwayo zisikisela ukuthi awekho amaplanethi atholakalayo angaba nezinto eziphilayo ezihlakaniphile. Lawa maplanethi akude nesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga abizwa ngokuthi ama-Exoplanets.
Isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga siseceleni kweMilky Way. Lo mthala wakhiwe ngezingalo eziningi futhi sikolunye lwazo. Ingalo lapho sikhona ibizwa nge- Arm of Orion. Isikhungo seMilky Way siqhele ngeminyaka engaba ngu-30.000 XNUMX yokukhanya. Ososayensi basola ukuthi maphakathi nomthala wakhiwa umgodi omkhulu omnyama onamandla amakhulu. Ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Sagittarius A.
Amaplanethi wesistimu yelanga
Ubukhulu bamaplanethi buhluka kakhulu. I-Jupiter iyodwa iqukethe ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili indaba yawo wonke amanye amaplanethi ehlangene. Isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga savela ekukhangweni kwezakhi ezisefwini eliqukethe zonke izakhi zamakhemikhali esizaziyo kuthebula le-periodic. Ukukhanga kwakunamandla kangangokuthi kwagcina kudilika futhi zonke izinto zokwakha zanda. Ama-athomu e-hydrogen ahlanganiswa abe ama-athomu e-helium ngokuhlangana kwe-nuclear. Lakheka kanje iLanga.
Njengamanje sinamaplanethi ayisishiyagalombili kanye neLanga: iMercury, iVenus, iMars, uMhlaba, iJupiter, iSaturn, i-Uranus neNeptune. Amaplanethi ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili: ingaphakathi noma umhlaba kanye nengaphandle noma iJovian. IMercury, iVenus, iMars noMhlaba yasemhlabeni. Basondele kakhulu kwiLanga futhi baqinile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amanye athathwa njengamaplanethi akude neLanga futhi athathwa njenge- "Gaseous Giants".
Mayelana nokuma kwamaplanethi, kungashiwo ukuthi azungeza endizeni efanayo. Nokho, amaplanethi amancane azungeza ema-engeli abalulekile okuthambekela. Indiza okuzungeza kuyo iplanethi yethu nawo wonke amanye amaplanethi ibizwa ngokuthi indiza ye-ecliptic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke amaplanethi azungeza ohlangothini olulodwa azungeze iLanga. Inkanyezi enomsila, njengeka-Halley, izungeza kolunye uhlangothi. Uma unentshisekelo olwazini olwengeziwe mayelana namaplanethi nezici zawo, ungavakashela imibala yamaplanethi esimiso sonozungezilanga.
Singazi ukuthi banjani ngenxa yesibonakude sasemkhathini, njengoHubble:
Iziphuphutheki zemvelo namaplanethi amancane
Amaplanethi esimiso sonozungezilanga anesathelayithi njengeplanethi yethu. Zibizwa ngokuthi "izinyanga" ukuze zimele kangcono. Amaplanethi anamasathelayithi emvelo yilawa: Umhlaba, iMars, iJupiter, iSaturn, i-Uranus neNeptune. IMercury neVenus abanazo iziphuphutheki zemvelo.
Kunamaplanethi amancane amancane amancane ngosayizi omncane. Ingabe UCeres, uPluto, u-Eris, uMakemake noHaumea. Lokhu kungase kube ngokokuqala ngqa uzwa ngawo, njengoba la maplanethi awafakiwe kusilabhasi esikoleni esiphakeme. Ezikoleni bagxile ekutadisheni uhlelo lwelanga elihamba phambili. Okusho ukuthi, zonke lezo zakhi ezimele kakhulu. Amaplanethi amancane ayedinga ubuchwepheshe obusha namakhamera edijithali ukuze kutholwe. Uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngokuthi zingaki izinyanga amaplanethi ohlelweni sonozungezilanga anazo kanye nokubaluleka kwazo, ungafunda amaplanethi anezinyanga ezingaki.
Izifunda eziyinhloko
Isimiso sonozungezilanga sehlukaniswe izifunda ezahlukahlukene lapho amaplanethi atholakala khona. Sithola isifunda seLanga, leso se-Asteroid Belt esiphakathi kweMars neJupiter (esiqukethe iningi lama-asteroid kuso sonke isimiso sonozungezilanga). Nathi sinawo i-Kuiper Belt ne-Disc esakazekile. Zonke izinto ngale kwe-Neptune ziqandiswe ngokuphelele ngenxa yamazinga azo okushisa aphansi. Ekugcineni, siyahlangana ifu oort, okuyingxenye eyisisekelo yocwaningo lwesimiso sonozungezilanga, ifu elicatshangelwayo eliyindilinga lezinkanyezi ezinomsila nama-asteroids atholakala emaphethelweni esimiso sonozungezilanga.
Kusukela ekuqaleni, izazi zezinkanyezi ziye zahlukanisa isimiso sonozungezilanga sibe izingxenye ezintathu:
- Esokuqala siyindawo engaphakathi lapho kutholakala khona amaplanethi anamadwala.
- Ngemuva kwalokho sinendawo engaphandle ehlala zonke izigebenga zegesi.
- Ekugcineni, izinto ezingale kweNeptune futhi eziqandisiwe.
Umoya welanga
Ezikhathini eziningi uzwile ngamaphutha we-elektroniki angabangelwa umoya welanga. Kungumfula wezinhlayiya oshiya iLanga ngokuqhubekayo nangejubane elikhulu. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kungama-electron nama-proton futhi kuhlanganisa lonke uhlelo lwelanga. Njengomphumela walo msebenzi, ifu elenziwe njengebubble lenza konke okusendleleni yalo. Ibizwe ngokuthi yi-heliosphere. Ngalé kwendawo lapho ifinyelela khona kuyi-heliosphere ibizwa ngokuthi i-heliopause, njengoba kungekho moya welanga. Le ndawo itholakala ku-100 Astronomical Units. Ukukunikeza umbono, iyunithi yezinkanyezi yibanga ukusuka eMhlabeni ukuya eLangeni. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe mayelana nokuthi umoya welanga ungasithinta kanjani isimo sezulu nezinye izici, ungabonisana Kuzokwenzekani uma isiphepho selanga sifika eMhlabeni?.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, isimiso sethu sonozungezilanga siyikhaya lamaplanethi amaningi nezinto eziyingxenye yendawo yonke. Simane nje siyichashaza elincane lesihlabathi phakathi kogwadule olukhulu.
