Ngaphandle kwamagciwane namagciwane, asikho isilwane ebesiyophila. Nakuba ama-microorganisms amaningi engabangela izifo futhi ama-pathologies amaningi angabulala, iqiniso liwukuthi kunamagciwane amaningi asiza umninikhaya ukuba alondoloze impilo enhle. Empeleni, Ngisho nabantu bebengaphila ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezingu-2000 XNUMX zamagciwane ahlala ngaphakathi kwabo. La magciwane adlala indima ebalulekile ekugayeni ukudla nasekulawuleni amasosha omzimba, enze ingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza komzimba.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa lokho Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kuthinta wonke umuntu, okuhlanganisa nezitshalo zethu zamathumbu. Lesi simo sezulu asishintshi nje kuphela izimiso zemvelo ngokujwayelekile, kodwa futhi singaba nemiphumela elimazayo kuma-microbiota amathumbu ezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nabantu. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuthi lesi simo sizithinta kanjani izilwane ezihuquzelayo, ungabheka isihloko sokuthi kanjani Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuthinta amagciwane ezitshalo ezihuquzelayo.
I-microbiota yamathumbu: i-ecosystem ebalulekile
I-flora yamathumbu noma i-microbiota isethi yamagciwane kanye nezinye izilwanyana ezincane ezihlala emathunjini futhi ezigcina ubudlelwano be-symbiotic kokubili imvelo ye-commensal ne-mutualistic nomsingathi wabo. Ngaphakathi kwale ndawo, amagciwane angakhula futhi andise endaweni efudumele cishe ngo-2 degrees Celsius kunangaphandle. Lokhu kukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa, okubikezelwa amamodeli wesikhathi esizayo we ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, inomthelela omkhulu ekwahlukeni kwamagciwane.
I-human gut microbiota yakhiwe izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezifaka isandla ekugayeni ukudla, ukukhiqizwa kwamavithamini, nokuqinisa amasosha omzimba. Nokho, Kuyaziwa ukuthi ingashintshwa yizinto ezimbalwa zangaphakathi (njengokuphuma kwamathumbu) futhi okungaphandle, okuhlanganisa ukuguga, ukucindezeleka, uhlobo lokudla, nemithi esetshenziswa umsingathi. Muva nje, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kwengezwe ohlwini lwezici ezishintsha lesi sitshalo esibalulekile, okuhlanganisa ubuhlobo phakathi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nezitshalo zamathumbu.
Ucwaningo ngomphumela wokufudumala kwembulunga yonke
Ukuphetha ngokuthi ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kuthinta izitshalo zamathumbu, kwenziwa ucwaningo ngezibankwa esikhungweni esizinikezele esibizwa ngokuthi i-Metatron, lapho ososayensi bakwazi khona ukulawula izinga lokushisa futhi babheke ukuthi izilwane kanye nezitshalo zamathumbu azo zisabela kanjani. Lolu cwaningo luveze ukuthi njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka liphakathi kuka-2 no-3 degrees Celsius, okuyilokho okulindeleke ekupheleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka, Ukuhlukahluka kwempilo ye-gut microbial yehliswe ngama-34% ngonyaka owodwa nje.
Lokhu kuncipha kokuhlukahluka kwamagciwane kube nomthelela oqondile esikhathini sokuphila kwezibankwa ezingaphansi kokufudumala okufanisiwe. Labo ababechayeke emazingeni okushisa aphakeme baphila ngaphansi kozakwabo abangazange babhekane nalokhu kucindezela kwesimo sezulu, okuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokuthi lesi simo singazithinta kanjani ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Ukuze ujule kulesi sihloko, kuyathakazelisa ukubuyekeza ukuthi i-, egcizelela ukubaluleka kocwaningo olwengeziwe.
Imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ku-intestinal microbiota
Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke akuthinti nje kuphela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zezitshalo zamathumbu ezibankwa, kodwa futhi kucatshangwa ukuthi kunomthelela ofanayo kubantu. Uma ukuhlukahluka kwamagciwane emathunjini kuncishisiwe, lokhu kungathinta impilo nokuphila komzimba. Nge-microbiota ehlukahlukene kancane, abantu bangaba sengozini kakhulu izifo kanye nezifo. Lobu budlelwano buba nzima nakakhulu uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi izifo eziningi zingathonywa impilo ye-intestinal microbiota.
Impilo yamathumbu ihlobene eduze nezici eziningi zempilo yomuntu, njengokugaya ukudla, ukungatheleleki, nokuvimbela izifo. Ngakho-ke, izinguquko ku-microbiota ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu zingaba nemiphumela engaphezu kwempilo yomzimba, futhi zithinte inhlalakahle yengqondo ngenxa yobudlelwane phakathi kwamathumbu nobuchopho, ngaleyo ndlela kugqamisa ukuxhumana kwalezi zici. Kuzo zonke lezi zizathu, kuyacaca ukuthi kunesidingo sokufunda kabanzi mayelana ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama kanye nempilo yamathumbu.
Ukwengeza, amazinga okushisa akhuphukayo angaba nemiphumela emibi emilanjeni yamathumbu, okuchaza isidingo sokuqhubeka nokuphenya lokhu kusebenzisana. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngalo mthelela, ungabheka isihloko esiphathelene nokufudumala komhlaba.
Ubufakazi besayensi mayelana nokuxhumana phakathi kwesimo sezulu kanye nempilo yamathumbu
Ucwaningo oluningana lubonise ukuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungaba nomthelela empilweni yokugaya ukudla kanye ne-microbiota, okuxhumanisa amazinga okushisa akhuphukayo nokwanda kwemvamisa yezifo zohudo. Ngokwesibonelo, ucwaningo lusikisela lokho Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungandisa izigameko zokutheleleka kweCampylobacter emathunjini, ibhaktheriya elidala izimpawu ezifana nesifo sohudo nobuhlungu besisu.
Njengoba amazinga okushisa enyuka, ayanda amathuba okuba amagciwane e-pathogenic achume, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezifudumele nezinomswakama. Lezi zifo zivame kakhulu ezindaweni ezifudumele, okugqamisa ukuxhumana okucacile phakathi kwesimo sezulu nempilo yamathumbu. Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokucwaninga lesi sihloko, njengoba impilo ye-microbiota yethu isengozini futhi ingase ihlotshaniswe eduze .
Njengoba ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuqhubeka, kubalulekile ukunaka ukuthi lezi zinguquko zingabhubhisa kanjani amathumbu futhi, ngokwengeza, zibe nomthelela kuyo yonke impilo yemvelo kanye nenani labantu emhlabeni jikelele. Lesi sici asihlolisiswanga kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, okugcizelela isidingo socwaningo olwengeziwe kulo mkhakha.
Indlela yokunakekela i-microbiota yethu yamathumbu lapho sibhekene nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu
Ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ku-gut microbiota, kubalulekile ukwamukela izindlela zokuphila ezinempilo nezihambisana nemvelo. Nazi ezinye izincomo:
- Khulisa ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunothe nge-fiberUkudla okucebile ngezithelo, imifino, nokusanhlamvu kungaqinisa ukuhlukahluka kwe-gut microbiota.
- Faka nokudla okubilile: Imikhiqizo efana ne-yogurt, i-kefir, ne-sauerkraut ihle kakhulu ekugcineni ibhalansi enempilo emathunjini.
- Yehlisa ukudla okugayiwe kakhuluUkunciphisa ukudla okucutshungulwe kakhulu kungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yamathumbu, njengoba kuvame ukuqukatha izithasiselo eziyingozi ku-microbiota.
- Yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyamaUkudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni ikakhulukazi akugcini nje ngokusimama, kodwa futhi kukhuthaza ukuhlukahluka kwamagciwane emathunjini.
