Uma sikhuluma ngokuhamba koMhlaba ngaphakathi kwethu Uhlelo lomkhathi Ukuhamba kokujikeleza nokuhumusha kuza engqondweni. Yiminyakazo emibili eyaziwa kakhulu. Esinye sazo yisizathu sokuthi kukhona imini nobusuku kanti ezinye izimbangela zokuthi kunezikhathi zonyaka. Kepha le minyakazo akuyona yodwa ekhona. Kukhona neminye iminyakazo ebalulekile futhi engaziwa njenge kungumnyakazo we-nutation ne-precession.
Kule ndatshana sizokhuluma ngokunyakaza okuneplanethi yethu okuzungeze iLanga nokubaluleka ngakunye kwakho. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngayo? Kumele uqhubeke ufunde.
Ukunyakaza kokujikeleza
Lokhu ukunyakaza okwaziwa kakhulu kanye nokuhumusha. Kodwa-ke, impela kunezici ezibalulekile ongazi ngazo. Kepha akunandaba, ngoba sizoya phezu kwazo zonke. Siqala ngokuchaza ukuthi yini le nhlangano. Kungukujikeleza uMhlaba onawo eksisi yawo ohlangothini lwaseNtshonalanga noma eMpumalanga. Kubhekwa njengokulwa newashi. Umhlaba uyazizungeza futhi uthatha isilinganiso samahora angama-23, imizuzu engama-56 nemizuzwana emi-4.
Njengoba ubona, ngenxa yalokhu kunyakaza kokujikeleza, kukhona imini nobusuku. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba iLanga lisendaweni engaguquki futhi likhanyisa kuphela uhlangothi loMhlaba olubhekene nalo. Uhlangothi oluphambene luzoba mnyama futhi kuyoba sebusuku. Lo mphumela ungabuye ubonakale phakathi nosuku, ubheka izithunzi ngemva kwamahora ambalwa. Singabona ukuthi ukunyakaza koMhlaba kubangela kanjani ukuthi izithunzi zibe kwenye indawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kuthonya i Amandla kazibuthe omhlaba, kubalulekile empilweni yasemhlabeni nasekulawuleni imisebe yelanga esikutholayo. Ngokufanayo, ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kunomphumela ku- Imisinga ye-Ocean ezithonya isimo sezulu somhlaba wonke seplanethi yethu.
Omunye umphumela walo mnyakazo ojikelezayo obaluleke kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwamandla kazibuthe womhlaba. Ngenxa yale nsimu kazibuthe singaba nokuphila eMhlabeni nokuvikelwa okuqhubekayo emisebeni evela emoyeni welanga. Iphinde ivumele impilo eMhlabeni ukuthi ibe semkhathini.
Uma sicabangela isimo endaweni ngayinye yomhlaba, ijubane elizungeza ngalo alilingani kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Uma silinganisela isivinini esisuka enkabazwe noma emapalini kuzohluka. E-equator kuzofanele ihambe ibanga elide ukuvula i-eksisi yayo futhi izohamba ngejubane lika-1600 km / h. Uma sikhetha iphuzu ngamazinga angama-45 degrees latitude enyakatho, siyabona ukuthi lizungeza ngo-1073 km / h.
Ukunyakaza kokuhumusha
Siyaqhubeka nokuhlaziya ukunyakaza kwesibili okunzima kakhulu koMhlaba. Yinhlangano uMhlaba onayo equkethe ukwenza ujikelezo lomjikelezo wayo uzungeze iLanga. Le-orbit ichaza ukunyakaza kwe-elliptical futhi ibangela ukuthi ezimweni isondele kakhulu kwiLanga nakwezinye izikhathi kude.
Kukholakala ukuthi ngesikhathi izinyanga zasehlobo ziyashisa ngoba iplanethi isondele kwiLanga futhi iya kude ebusika. Kuyinto ehambisanayo ongacabanga ngayo, ngoba uma ukude, ukushisa okuncane kuzosifinyelela kunokuba sisondele. Noma kunjalo, kuphambene impela. Ehlobo sisuka eLangeni kunasebusika. Okubekekayo ngesikhathi sokulandelana kwezinkathi akulona ibanga loMhlaba maqondana neLanga kepha ukuthambekela kwemisebe yelanga. Ebusika, imisebe yeLanga ishaya iplanethi yethu ngendlela ethambekele ngokwengeziwe futhi ehlobo icishe ifane. Yingakho kunezikhathi eziningi zokukhanya kwelanga ehlobo nokushisa okwengeziwe.
Kuthatha uMhlaba izinsuku ezingama-365, amahora ama-5, imizuzu engama-48 namasekhondi angama-45 ukwenza inguquko eyodwa ephelele kwi-axis yayo yokuhumusha. Ngakho-ke, njalo eminyakeni emine siba nonyaka weqa lapho uFebhuwari anosuku olulodwa ngaphezulu. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukulungisa amashejuli nokuwagcina ezinzile njalo.
Umjikelezo woMhlaba mayelana neLanga unomjikelezo wamakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingama-938 futhi ugcinwa ebangeni elijwayelekile lamakhilomitha ayi-150 ukusuka kuwo. Ijubane esihamba ngalo ngu-000 km / h. Yize siyisivinini esikhulu, asikwazisi ukubonga ngamandla adonsela phansi eMhlabeni.
I-Aphelion ne-perihelion
Indlela eyenziwa yiplanethi yethu ngaphambi kweLanga ibizwa ngokuthi yi-ecliptic futhi idlula inkabazwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla. Bayabizwa ama-equinox. Kulesi sikhundla, imini nobusuku zihlala ngokufanayo. Emaphethelweni akude kakhulu e-ecliptic esiwatholayo i-solstice yasehlobo futhi of ubusika. Phakathi kwala maphuzu, imini yinde futhi ubusuku bufushane (e-solstice yasehlobo) kanti ubusuku bude kakhulu ngosuku olufushane kakhulu (ku-solstice yasebusika). Phakathi nalesi sigaba, imisebe yelanga iwela ngokuthe nkqo kwelinye lama-hemispheres, ifudumeze kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi enyakatho Nenkabazwe kusebusika eningizimu kuyihlobo futhi okuphambene nalokho.
Ukuzungeza komhlaba iLanga kunesikhathi lapho ukude kakhulu, okubizwa ngokuthi i-Aphelion, eyenzeka ngenyanga kaJulayi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, indawo eseduze kakhulu yoMhlaba neLanga yi-perihelion futhi yenzeka ngenyanga kaJanuwari. Lesi simo sihlobene nokuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwe ukunyakaza kwenyanga kanye nomthelela wayo eMhlabeni.
Ukunyakaza kwangaphambili
Kuyinto ushintsho oluhamba kancane futhi oluhamba kancane uMhlaba onalo ekuqondeni kwe-axis yokujikeleza. Le nhlangano ibizwa ngokuthi yi-precession yoMhlaba futhi idalwa yisikhathi samandla esenziwa uhlelo lwe-Earth-Sun. Le nhlangano ithinta ngqo ukuthambekela imisebe yelanga efinyelela ngayo ebusweni bomhlaba. Njengamanje le-eksisi ithambekele kuma-23,43 degrees.
Lokhu kusitshela ukuthi i-axis yoMhlaba yokuzungeza ayikhombisi njalo enkanyezini eyodwa (Pole), kepha ijikeleza ohlangothini lwewashi, ibangele ukuthi uMhlaba unyakaze ngokunyakaza okufana nalokho kokuphotha phezulu. Ukujika okuphelele ku-eksisi yokuqala kuthathe cishe iminyaka engama-25.700, ngakho-ke akuyona into enokwazisa ngomuntu. Kodwa-ke, uma silinganisa ne- isikhathi sokuma komhlaba siyabona ukuthi inokubaluleka okukhulu ezikhathini ze- i-glaciation.
Ukunyakaza komsoco
Le yinhlangano enkulu yokugcina iplanethi yethu enayo. Ukunyakaza okuncane nokungajwayelekile okwenzeka kwi-axis yokujikeleza kwazo zonke izinto ezihambisanayo ezizungeza kwi-axis yayo. Thatha ama-gyros neziqongo zokuphotha, isibonelo.
Uma sihlaziya uMhlaba, ukunyakaza kwe-nutation kungukushaywa ngezikhathi ezithile kwe-axis yokujikeleza ezungeze isikhundla sayo esimaphakathi emkhakheni wezulu. Le nhlangano yenzeka ngo- imbangela yamandla atholakala ngamandla adonsela phansi omhlaba kanye nokuheha phakathi kweNyanga, iLanga noMhlaba. Lesi simo sihlobene futhi ne-.
Lokhu kuguquka okuncane kwe-eksisi yomhlaba kwenzeka ngenxa yenkabazwe yenkabazwe nokuheha kwenyanga. Isikhathi se-nutation siyiminyaka eyi-18.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungaqonda kangcono ukuhamba kweplanethi yethu.
kuhle kakhulu, ngiyabonga ngolwazi