Izilwane, njengabantu, bahlupheka futhi bahlushwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu okubangelwa igagasi lokushisa. Lawa mazinga okushisa aphezulu, angaphezu kwama-40 degrees, angabangela ukufa okungazelelwe kanye nokuncipha kwenani labantu balezo zinhlobo ezizwela kakhulu ukushisa okubambayo. Ngezansi, sichaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi lezi zithinta kanjani amazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezinjengezinyosi nezinyoni.
Uhlobo olulodwa olubhekene nalokhu kukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa izinyosi, njengoba ukushisa kuye kwenza izimbali zoma futhi ungakhiqizi umpe badinga izinyosi ezinjalo. Lokhu kudale ukuthi ukukhiqizwa koju kwehle kulo nyaka kuze kufike ku-60% ngaphansi kuka-2014. Ungafunda futhi ngokuthi lamazinga okushisa azithinta kanjani ezinye izilwane ukuthi ukushisa kuzithinta kanjani izilwane.
Ngokuhlobene ezinyonini, kusesekuseni ukwazi imithelela igagasi lokushisa elinalo kubo, ngoba phakathi nalezi zinyanga baba ngenkathi kwenziwa kabusha. Kunoma yikuphi, ukushisa okukhulu kubangela isomiso esiningi namanzi amancane ukuze lezi zinhlobo zikwazi ukondla kahle amaphuphu azo, kube nomthelela omubi inani lezinyoni.
Ukuzivikela emiphumeleni ye- amazinga okushisa aphezulu, izinyoni zivame ukusebenzisa izimpaphe noqhwaku lwayo ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wabo. Izinyoni ezihlala edolobheni zinethuba elingcono lokusinda kunezihlala endle, njengoba zikhona ukudla namanzi ngendlela efinyeleleka kakhulu futhi elula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kunomthelela ekutheni lezi zinhlobo zezilwane zivumelane nezimo ezintsha, njengoba kushiwo ku imithelela yamagagasi okushisa.
Ngokushesha uma emiphumeleni yokushisa Ezilwaneni, lokhu kuncike ku-physiognomy namandla. Ngale ndlela, izinja ziyazwela kakhulu amazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi bafuna ukuxhumana nomhlabathi ukuze bapholise kancane. Izilwane eziningi ziziphatha kakhulu njengabantu futhi zivame ukwenzeka bheka isithunzi nezindawo ezipholile ukuze ugweme ukushisa.
Umthelela Wokushisa Ezilwaneni Zasendle
Ukushisa okuvela ku-asphalt, ukuntuleka kwamanzi, nokushoda kwendawo yokuhlala kungezinye zezinkinga izilwane ezibhekana nazo phakathi namagagasi okushisa. Maphakathi noJuni wonyaka odlule, iMadrid yabhekana nokushisa okufana nentwasahlobo kakhulu emlandweni, okunezinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-7 no-12 degrees ngaphezu kwamazinga avamile. Ngo-2023, uJulayi 3 wamakwa njenge usuku olushisa kakhulu emhlabeni njengoba izilinganiso zithathwe, zafinyelela ku-17,01°C, zedlula irekhodi langaphambilini lika-16,92°C ngo-August 2016.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi imiphumela yokushisa ingabangela ngokushesha ukwehla kwenani lamahlumela amasha onyaka kanye nokwanda kokufa kwabantu abadala, kokubili ezilwaneni nasemibusweni yezitshalo. Le miphumela ibingeke ibe balulekile ekongiweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo uma lezi ziqephu ezimbi kakhulu zenzeka ngokungananazi, kodwa isibikezelo sokuthi amaza okushisa azokwenyuka imvamisa namandla ngenxa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu Kuyabonakala, njengoba kushiwo futhi ku ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kumagagasi okushisa.
Indlela Amazinga Okushisa Aphakeme Azithinta Ngayo Izilwane Zasendle
Umzwelo wokuqala wokugwema ukushisa uwukubalekela, ngokuphephela ezindaweni ezipholile, ezinomthunzi noma ngokuba manzi ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Nokho, imiphumela yokushisa ezinhlotsheni zasendle incike ngokuqondile ku-physiognomy yazo.
Ama-arthropods, izinhlanzi, izilwane ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo ziyizilwane ama-ectotherms; Azikwazi ukulawula izinga lokushisa kwangaphakathi futhi zilawulwa yilokho okuzungezile. Ngakho-ke, ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa asendaweni kuzobangela ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba wabo, okungaba nemiphumela ebulalayo ekusindeni kwabo.
- Ama-Amphibians azwela kakhulu. Amazinga okushisa amaningi noma izinguquko ezindleleni zemvula zingathinta impumelelo yazo yokuzala futhi zibulale. Ngokuya ngekhono labo lokuthuthela ezindaweni ezipholile, inani labo lingase lehle kakhulu.
- Izilwane ezihuquzelayo Baphephela ezindaweni ezipholile lapho kushisa. Lokhu kuziphatha, nokho, kunciphisa isikhathi sabo sokudla, kwenza abantu buthaka futhi kunciphisa izinga lokuzala. Ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo inzalo yazo inqunywa izinga lokushisa ekufukameleni kweqanda, okungase kubangele ukungalingani kwabantu.
- Izinambuzane, ikakhulukazi abathwali bempova njengenyosi (honeybee)I-Apis mellifera), bahlushwa isomiso esikhawulela ukukhiqizwa kompe. Lokhu kubangela ukuba buthaka kwamakoloni kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yezifo nokufa ebusika.
Amasu Okushintsha Ukushisa Ezilwaneni
Izinyoni eziningi nezilwane ezincelisayo ziyizilwane ama-endotherms; Akhiqiza ukushisa kwangaphakathi ngokusebenzisa ukushiswa kwamakhemikhali okudla ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa lomzimba elanele. Amasu abo okubhekana nokushisa okukhulu angaphakathi nangaphandle.
- I-Las izinyoni Zisebenzisa izimpaphe noqhwaku lwazo ukuze zilawule izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo. Njengoba zisezinhlelweni zokuzala, ukuntuleka kwamanzi ngenxa yesomiso kunciphisa ukutholakala kokudla kwabantwana bazo. Amatshwele amaningi awakwazi ukumelana nokushisa esidlekeni futhi abulawe ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma ukuwa.
- I-Los izilwane ezincelisayo Angenza kusebenze izindlela ezinjengokujuluka nokuhefuzela ukuze kwenyuse ukuhwamuka nokupholisa. Abanye, njengonogwaja, banamanethiwekhi emithambo yegazi esikhumbeni sabo ukuze kube lula ukulahlekelwa ukushisa.
Ukushintsha imikhuba, njengokulungisa izikhathi zakho zokusebenza zibe amahora asekuseni nasekupheleni kosuku, noma ukucinga imithombo yamanzi, kuyisihluthulelo sokusinda ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu.
Imiphumela Yokushisa Ezilwaneni Zasekhaya
Izilwane ezifuywayo, njengezinja namakati, zisengozini enkulu yokushisa, njengoba amandla azo okujuluka alinganiselwe ezindaweni ezithile ezifana nezidladla zazo nekhala. Lokhu kubenza bathambekele ekuhluphekeni ukushisa okushisayo.
Izimpawu ze-heat stroke zichazwe ngezansi:
- Ukuphefumula ngokushesha uvule umlomo.
- Ulwelwesi lwamafinyila olubomvu noma oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba.
- Ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile, ukukhathala, noma ukungakwazi ukunyakaza.
- Ukuthuthumela noma ukuquleka.
- Ukuconsa okweqile.
- Ukuhlanza noma isifo sohudo.
- ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
Uma lezi zimpawu zenzeka, kuhle ukuthi uhambise isilwane sakho kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, njengoba ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kungasindisa ukuphila kwabo. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kuyatuseka ukuthi izindawo ezimanzi ezifana nomlomo wesilwane, amaphedi, intamo, namakhwapha, kodwa ungalokothi usebenzise amanzi abandayo kungazelelwe.
Izinyathelo Zokuvikela Zokuvikela Izilwane Ezifuywayo
Ukuvimbela ukushisa kwezilwane ezifuywayo, izinyathelo ezilandelayo kufanele zisetshenziswe:
- Gwema ukuhamba ngezinyawo nokusebenza ngokomzimba phakathi namahora afudumele.
- Nikeza umthunzi nendawo yokukhosela epholile.
- Ungashiyi izilwane ezimotweni ezivaliwe noma ezindaweni ezinelanga, ezingenawo umoya ohlanzekile.
- Qiniseka ukuthi bahlale bethola amanzi ahlanzekile futhi bawanikeze amanzi njalo.
Iqhaza Labanikazi Ekuvimbeleni
Abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo kufanele baziswe ngokuthi ukushisa okudlulele kungathinta kanjani izilwane zabo futhi benze ngokufanele. Kufanele baqaphele izimpawu zokucindezeleka futhi bathathe izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokuqinisekisa impilo kanye nokuphila kahle kwezilwane zabo. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngokuthi lezi zehlakalo zesimo sezulu zizithinta kanjani izilwane zasendle, ungafunda mayelana izilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni ezivumelana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Amacebiso okuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yezilwane zasendle nezasekhaya
Ngokukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa kanye nezigameko zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, ukufundisa abantu ngezingozi ezilwaneni kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili. Nawa amanye amathiphu awusizo:
- Faka amanzi afinyelelekayo kanye neziphakeli zezinyoni nezinye izilwane zasemadolobheni.
- Nikeza izindawo zokukhosela ezifana namabhokisi ezidleke noma izihlahlana eziminyene ukuze usize izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane zihlale zipholile.
- Ezilwaneni ezivalelwe, ukufaka amafeni namasistimu okupholisa kungaba usizo olukhulu.
- Gwema ukuhamba endaweni egandayiwe eshisayo, ikakhulukazi ezinjeni, ngoba kungabangela ukusha ezidlalweni zazo.
Ithonya Lokushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu Ezilwaneni
El ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu Ingenye yezinselele ezibaluleke kakhulu ezibhekene nezilwane nezitshalo zeplanethi. Ngokwezifundo eziningi, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zinobunzima obukhulu ukujwayela ukushisa kunokubandayo. Ifa kanye nokuhlobana nezinhlobo zangaphambili ezaziphila ezikhathini ezibandayo kunciphisa ukubekezelelana kwezilwane ezithile ekushiseni.
Amazinga okushisa aphakeme athinta ngokuqondile uchungechunge lokudla, abangele izinguquko ekuziphatheni, ukuhlakazeka kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kufunwa izimo ezingcono, ngisho nokufa kwabantu abahlulekayo ukuzivumelanisa noshintsho. Ngokwesibonelo, izinhlobo ezifana i-lungfish futhi abanye izilwane zasemanzini Banezinqubo zokulinganisa ezibavumela ukuba baphile ezikhathini zokushisa okukhulu ngokunciphisa i-metabolism yabo, into ebuye yacwaningwa izilwane zasogwadule lwaseSahara.
Njengoba amagagasi okushisa evame kakhulu, kubalulekile ukubeka phambili inhlalakahle yezilwane. Imithelela yesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu ayithinti nje impilo yezilwane kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuziphatha kwazo kanye nokuzala kwazo. Ukufundisa abanikazi kanye nomphakathi jikelele mayelana nokuthi ukushisa okukhulu kuzithinta kanjani izilwane kubalulekile ukuze kugqugquzelwe izenzo zokunciphisa imiphumela yako.
Kubalulekile ukuthi wonke umnikazi wesilwane aqaphele isidingo sokuthatha isinyathelo ngokumelene nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, asebenzise izinqubo ezingazuzi nje kuphela izilwane ezifuywayo kodwa nezinhlelo zemvelo zendawo.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinqubomgomo ezivikela kokubili izilwane zasendle kanye nezilwane ezifuywayo, ukuqinisekisa inhlalakahle yazo ngokwakhiwa kwezindawo zokukhosela kanye nezindawo zemvelo ezilondoloziwe ezizihlinzeka ngendawo ephephile nefanelekile ngezikhathi zamazinga okushisa aphezulu.
