Konke esikubiza nge-meteorology nokunye izinhlobo zezulu zenzeka ku-troposphere. Lokho kungukuthi, kokukodwa kwe- izingqimba zomkhathi. I-troposphere yindawo yomkhathi esihlala kuyo futhi ephela phakathi kwamakhilomitha ayi-10 kuye kwayi-16 ukuphakama. Ngaphezulu kwale ndawo kune- stratosphere. Umkhawulo ophawula zombili izingqimba yi- ukuyeka kancane. Lesi yisihloko sale ndatshana.
I-tropopause inezici ezihlukanisayo phakathi kwezingqimba ezihlukanisayo futhi yikho okubangela ukuthi isimo sezulu sigcine sisemgqeni okhuphukayo. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sikutshela konke mayelana ukuyeka kancane.
Izici eziyinhloko
Yindawo enganqamuki phakathi kwe-troposphere ne-stratosphere. Njengoba sazi kahle, i-troposphere yindawo lapho okuhlukile khona izinhlobo zamafu futhi kwezulu kwenzeka. Ngaphezulu kwalolu ungqimba, izici, ukwakheka kwamagesi nezinye izinto zomkhathi ziguquka ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, ku-stratosphere yaziwa kakhulu ungqimba lwe-ozone Kusivikela emisebeni yelanga eyingozi.
I-tropopause iyona ekhomba umkhawulo ophezulu wokuba khona komhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni. Kusukela kuleli zinga lokuphakama, umoya womile ngokuphelele. Esinye sezici lo mkhawulo omele ukuthi sithatha ukuguqulwa okushisayo. Lokho wukuthi, izinga lokushisa ku-stratosphere landa ngokukhuphuka esikhundleni sokuncipha. Lokhu kumisa konke ukunyakaza komoya mpo ngaphezu kwamandla emimoya evundlile ye-stratosphere.
I-gradient yethempelesha yokwanda kwe- ukuguqulwa okushisayo kungama-degree angu-0,2 ngamamitha ayi-100. Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, akulona ungqimba oluqhubekayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho. Njengoba singena phakathi ne-latitudes nasezindaweni ezishisayo, singabona ukunqamuka kuwo womabili ama-hemispheres. Okuxakayo ngayo ukuthi lezi ziqhumane zihambisana nemizila eyenziwa yi- ukusakaza kwejet.
Izimbobo ze-tropopause zivumela i-ozone ekhona ku-stratosphere kanye nawo wonke umoya owomile ukuthi ungene ku-troposphere. Amanani okuphakama kwe-tropopause ayancipha ezindaweni ukusuka enkabazwe kuya ezigxotsheni. Nokho, izinga lokushisa liyakhula ngokuphakama.
Izinhlobo zokunqamuka kokuma komhlaba ngokuya kokuphakama nobude
Ngokuya ngokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu nesimo sezulu kumzuzu ngamunye, ukuphakama kwe-tropopause kuyahlukahluka. Isibonelo, liphakeme uma kunama-anticyclone ezingxenyeni ezingezansi futhi liphansi uma kunokudangala noma isiphepho. Izinga lokushisa liyashintsha kuye ngobubanzi lapho ukhona. Kunezindawo lapho okuku-85 ° C nakwezinye izindawo ku -45 ° C.
Ngale ndlela, izimo ezintathu noma izinhlobo ezintathu ze-tropopause zingabonakala, ngokuya ngendawo ekuyo kanye nobubanzi nokuphakama.
- Thayipha 1 noma ejwayelekile Kuyinto eyodwa enezimo ezimile kakhulu. Akukho ukukhwabanisa okufudumele noma okubandayo ku-troposphere.
- Thayipha 2 noma H Ibizwa nangokuthi i-tropopause ephezulu. Kubonisa uma kunohlobo lwesikhangiso esifudumele endaweni ephakeme kakhulu nemaphakathi ye-troposphere. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka phambi ama-anticyclone afudumele.
- Thayipha u-3 noma u-S. Eyaziwa nangokuthi kushonile. Ihambisana nalapho ukukhishwa okubandayo sekuqhamuke ezingxenyeni ezingenhla ze-troposphere bese kuthi konke okunye kwakheke lapho kunezindawo zengcindezi ephansi ezingxenyeni ezingezansi.
Ukubaluleka
Yize kungahle kungabonakali kunje, lo mugqa ohlukanisa zombili izingqimba zomkhathi ubaluleke kakhulu empilweni eMhlabeni. Into yokuqala ukuthi ngenxa yokuzinza ekuhlinzekayo emazingeni aphezulu, abadumile amafu e-cirrus.
Isebenza njengechibi lamanzi, njengoba ikwazi ukugcina umhwamuko omningi emkhawulweni wawo ophansi ovela ezindaweni ezishisayo. Izinhlanganisela eziningi ezikhona kulo mkhawulo zisebenza ukuqonda ngokunembile imiphumela ye ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu nokuthi izowuthinta kanjani umhlaba. Lena yindlela ezinye izinhlelo ezingaklanywa ngayo ukuze kuncishiswe omunye umonakalo oyingozi kakhulu odalwe yilesi senzo.
Amafu afinyelela endaweni tropopause ngama-convection currents ayayeka ukukhuphuka futhi kube sengathi agijimela odongeni lwengilazi. Ungavumeli amafu aqhubeke antanta phezulu njengoba inokuminyana okufanayo nomoya oyizungezile. Okuphambene kwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-tropopause, lapho umoya unokuvunguza okuwuvumela ukuba uye phezulu naphansi. I izivunguvungu Amandla anamandla kakhulu ku-troposphere enza amanye amafu adlule phezu kwe-tropopause.
Izimo ezibangelwa yi-tropopause
Kunezimo ezithile ezenzeka ngenxa yobukhona balo mkhawulo. Sizozihlaziya ngamunye ngamunye.
Okokuqala ukuthi, njengoba ukugxila kwe-CO2 kukhuphuka, zandisa inani lokushayisana ama-molecule anakho namanye amagesi afana ne-nitrogen. Phakathi nalokhu kushayisana, amandla e-kinetic amuncwa, okuyilapho kukhiqizwa lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi imisebe ye-infrared. Iwuhlobo lwemisebe ye-electromagnetic spectrum futhi inobude obude. Lokhu kwandisa ukushisa.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kuba nokudluliselwa okulula kokushisa endaweni ye-tropospheric okubangela izinga lokushisa likhuphuke. Uma lesi simo senzeka ku-stratosphere, i- imisebe ye-infrared akhiqizwayo angabalekela emkhathini, njengoba kunomoya omncane ophansi. Njengoba unokuminyana okuncane, umoya uyakwazi ukupholisa izingqimba eziphakeme kakhulu zomkhathi.
Isenzeko sesibili esenzeka ngenxa ye-tropopause ukuthi Kwenzeka ngokwanda kokugxila kwe-CO2. Kulokhu, limunca ukushisa okuvela phansi futhi kube nokwanda kwezinga lokushisa engxenyeni engezansi yomkhathi. Ngakho-ke imisebe ifinyelela izingqimba eziphakeme kakhulu.
