Siphila ezweni lapho, yize kungabonakala kungakholeki, okwenzeka lapha kungaba nemiphumela kwenye ingxenye yomhlaba. Ngokuqondene nesimo sezulu, besivele sikhulume ku-a isihloko ukuthi inani elikhulu lamanzi akhiqizwa amahlathi emvula alawula amazinga okushisa emhlabeni jikelele.
Manje, ucwaningo olushicilelwe ephephabhukwini i-Nature Climate Change, seluthole ukuthi, ngokuqhubeka nokukhipha isikhutha emkhathini, isiphepho saseNyakatho Melika singancipha. Uma bekwenza, imiphumela ingaba mikhulu.
Yini imonono?
Ukuze siqonde ubucayi bendaba, ake sichaze ukuthi ziyini izimvula. Imonsoon umoya wonyaka okhiqizwa ukufuduka kwebhande lemvula elishisayo, osuka enyakatho yeTropic of Cancer uye eningizimu yeTropic of Capricorn ngokuhamba konyaka. Leli bhande lithwala izimvula eningizimu yezwe kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuMashi, nasenyakatho Nenkabazwe kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba.
Ngenkathi kwenye ingxenye lina kakhulu, liholele kwizikhukhula ezimbi kakhulu, kokunye, isikhathi sonyaka owomile sikhona.
Ikhiqizwa kanjani?
Zibangelwa ukuthi umhlaba uyaphola futhi ushise ngokushesha kunamanzi. Kukhona imvula yasehlobo, nemvula yasekwindla. Owokuqala wakhiwa ngenxa yokuthi umhlaba ufinyelela izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kunalelo lolwandle, ukuze umoya ukhuphuke ubheke emkhathini obangela isiphepho noma indawo yengcindezi ephansi. Umoya uvunguza usuka ezindaweni ezinengcindezi ephezulu uye ezindaweni ezinengcindezi ephansi ukuzama ukulinganisa zombili izingcindezi, ngaleyo ndlela udale umoya onamandla ovela olwandle. Ekugcineni, imvula iba khona ngenxa yokuphakama nokupholisa komoya ezintabeni.
Ekwindla nasebusika, izwe liphola ngokushesha, kodwa ulwandle luthatha isikhathi eside ukupholisa, ngakho izinga lokushisa lihlala liphezulu. Ngakho-ke, umoya uyakhuphuka ubangele indawo yokucindezela okuphansi olwandle, futhi umoya uvunguza usuka emhlabeni uye olwandle. Njengoba umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwalokhu okubili mncane kakhulu kunasehlobo, umoya ovunguza usuka ku-anticyclone uye esiphephweni awushintshi.
Kungani isivunguvungu saseNyakatho Melika singase sibe buthakathaka?
AmaMonsoon abucayi kakhulu kumagesi abamba ukushisa, ngokusho kwababhali besayensi be ukutadisha USalvatore Pascale, uWilliam R. Boos nethimba labo. Besebenzisa imodeli yezulu yomhlaba, bakutholile lokho Uma ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide kuphindwe kabili, imvula yaseNyakatho Melika ibingancipha, ikakhulukazi eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States. Kungani?
Ukuzinza komkhathi kanye, ngakho-ke, ukugeleza okubuthakathaka okubangelwa ukushisa okufanayo kwendawo yolwandle kubonakala kuyimbangela yokuncipha kwemvula. Lolu shintsho lwesimo sezulu luyisibonelo esicacile somthelela wokukhishwa kwe-CO2 kumonsoon yaseNyakatho Melika.
Ukuze, kuzothathwa izinyathelo zokuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukusebenzisa kangcono imithombo yamanzi. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa kuthinta kanjani lezi zindlela zesimo sezulu.