I-Kuroshio Current iwumngcele osentshonalanga otholakala eNyakatho yePacific, yenza kube lula ukuhamba kwamanzi afudumele, anosawoti asuka ezindaweni eziphansi ukuya ezimaphakathi, okunomthelela omkhulu eShayina, eMpumalanga Asia kanye nesimo sezulu somhlaba wonke. Izinguquko ze-Kuroshio Yamanje ngaphambi Kwenguquko Yezimboni zihlala zingaqondwa kahle, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwedatha yokubuka.
Ucwaningo ngokuncipha kwe-Kuroshio current
Ucwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwa ithimba labacwaningi ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukaSolwazi Hu Shijian e-Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS) luhlole izilinganiso ze-Sr/Ca zamakhorali asePorites aseningizimu ye-Taiwan, okungenzeka abonise ukuguquguquka kwesikhathi eside kwe-Kuroshio yamanje. .
Ucwaningo lushicilelwe kujenali Global and Planetary Change. Kusukela i I-Kuroshio current inethonya elibalulekile ezimweni ze-hydrographic ebusweni bolwandle, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwamanzi olwandle kungase kube inkomba yezinguquko ku-Kuroshio Yamanje.
Ukushintshashintsha kwe-Kuroshio current
U-Hu nethimba lakhe bathole ukuthi isilinganiso sanyanga zonke se-Sr/Ca kumakhorali, esisebenza njengenkomba enokwethenjelwa yokushisa kolwandle, inamandla okubhala ukuhlukahluka kwaminyaka yonke kwezokuthutha e-Kuroshio. Ngokusebenzisa le nkomba, Bakwazile ukwakha kabusha okuqhubekayo kokuhamba kwe-Kuroshio kusukela ngo-1788 kuya ku-2013.
"Imininingwane ikhombisa ukwehla okuqhubekayo kwezokuthutha eKuroshio kusukela ngo-1788, okuhambisana nezinga elisheshayo lokwehla kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1950 kuya phambili, okungenzeka kube umphumela wokufudumala kolwandle ngokushesha," kusho uLi Xiaohua, umbhali oholayo walolu cwaningo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi babonise ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwe-latitude ye-bifurcation ye-North Equatorial Current, uguquko lwesigaba I-Pacific Decadal Oscillation kanye ne-El Niño Southern Oscillation nakho kuthinte ukuhluka okuphawuliwe ku-Kuroshio Yamanje.
UProfesa Hu, umbhali ohambisana nalolu cwaningo, uthe: "Lolu cwaningo lunikeza isibonelo esisebenzayo sokuguqulwa kwemisinga yasolwandle ngokusebenzisa izinkomba ze-coral geochemical indices, futhi ama-coral amathambo angasebenza njengamathuluzi abalulekile okuqapha izinguquko ze-paleocurrents ocwaningweni oluzayo.
historia
Lokhu kwamanje kwatholakala ngo-1565, lapho uGuipuzcoan u-Andrés de Urdaneta, umqondisi wamakholoni, umqondisi wohambo lwemikhumbi, i-corregidor, indela yase-Augustinian kanye nomatilosi ozinikele enkonzweni yeNkosi uPhilip II, ethola okubalulekile ngenkathi egibela iNao San Pedro. Ube ngowokuqala ukusungula "tornaviaje", umzila obuyayo phakathi kweCebu ePhilippines kanye nogu lwase-Antigua California eNew Spain. Lesi sambulo esimayelana nohambo lokubuya sanikeza iSpain ukubusa okungenakuqhathaniswa phezu koLwandlekazi iPacific amakhulu eminyaka, ukubusa okwaboniswa yi-"Manila Galleon" edumile.
IJografi yeKuroshio Yamanje
Indlela yaseKuroshio, ebonakala ngobubanzi bayo obuncane namanzi afudumele, asheshayo, inomzila wayo obhalwe nsuku zonke ubheke eningizimu yeJapan. Izungezwe yiNorth Pacific Current enyakatho, iCalifornia Current empumalanga, kanye neNorth Equatorial Current eningizimu. Lo msinga ofudumele udlala indima ebalulekile ekulondolozeni izixhobo zamakhorali zaseJapane, eziqashelwa njengezixhobo zamakhorali ezisenyakatho kakhulu emhlabeni. Ukwengeza, i-Tsushima Yamanje iyigatsha loLwandle lwaseJapan. I-Japan Current iphinde ibe nomthelela esimweni sezulu esipholile esibonakala ngasogwini oluseningizimu ye-Alaska nase-British Columbia.
Uhambo luqala endaweni lapho inyakatho yamanje yenkabazwe isondela ePhilippines. Idlula e-Kyushu naseziqhingini zase-Ryukyu, idale lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi ijika loLwandle Lwase-China, futhi idlulele e-Tokara Strait, yenza ijika elibukhali enyakatho. Kuleli qophelo, lapho ijubane lamanje liphezulu, lihlukana libe izindlela ezimbili: eyodwa isuka ogwini lwaseJapane, kuyilapho enye ilandela umzila oyinkimbinkimbi futhi omazombezombe, uhlala eduze nogu. ugu kuze kube yilapho womabili amagatsha ahlangana eduze kwe-latitude engu-35° enyakatho no-141° i-east longitude.
I-Kuroshio Current ngokulandelayo iya ngasempumalanga kude nogu lwase-Japan futhi iba yilokho okwaziwa ngokuthi i-Kuroshio Extension. Lesi sandiso sizuza amandla abalulekile futhi sibonisa ukungazinzi okukhulu kuze kube sifika e-Emperador Seamounts, uchungechunge lwezintaba zentaba-mlilo ezingaphansi kwamanzi, lapho sihlakazeka sibe yizinguzunga ezimbalwa, ezinye zazo ekugcineni ezizohlangana neNyakatho Pacific Yamanje.
Izithombe zesathelayithi ze-Kuroshio Current ziveza indlela ejikajikayo yamanje, leyo Yakha izindandatho noma ama-eddies ahlukene alinganiselwa ku-100 kuya ku-300 km ububanzi. Lawa ma-eddies agcina isimo sawo esihlukile izinyanga ezimbalwa futhi abonisa izici zebhayoloji ezihlukile ezithonywa indawo ezakheke ngayo. Lapho ama-eddies enza phakathi kogu lwamanje nogu lwaseJapane, angathinta ishalofu lezwekazi.
Amandla e-kinetic aphezulu ahlotshaniswa nalawa ma-eddies aphumela ekuhambeni kobuningi bamanzi abalulekile aye ohlangothini olulodwa lweringi ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo ethula amanzi kwelinye icala. Amandla nosayizi walezi eddies ziyehla njengoba zisuka emanzini olwandle.
I-Biodiversidad
Imingcele yezifunda zasentshonalanga yenza kube lula ukuthuthwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu, futhi izinhlobo eziningi zasolwandle ezibalulekile ezihwebayo zifuduka ngaphakathi kwale misinga njengoba ziqeda imijikelezo yazo yokuphila. Ingxenye enkulu ye- Izilwandle zomhlaba zigcwele ama-subtropical gyres, asekhiqize kakhulu kunasesimo sawo sokuqala.. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indima yayo ekulungiseni i-carbon dioxide ifaka isandla kakhulu kwisabelomali somkhathi we-carbon dioxide womhlaba wonke.