Umehluko phakathi kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokufudumala komhlaba

Abantu abaningi bathambekele ekuyisebenziseni ngokungalungile amagama okuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke kube sengathi amqondofana. Nokho, la magama abhekisela ku imiqondo emibili ehlukene kakhulu ezibalulekile ekuqondeni izinselele zemvelo esibhekene nazo namuhla. Yomibili le mibono imelela imiphumela eyingozi ebangelwe ukwenziwa komuntu emhlabeni wethu, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi siyithathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa le mithelela ngaphambi kokuba kwephuze kakhulu.

Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu isho izinguquko eziphawulekayo zamaphethini zesimo sezulu ezithinta izici ezibalulekile ezifana nezinga lokushisa, imvula, nomoya, okwenzeka phakathi namashumi eminyaka noma ngaphezulu. Kunalokho, i- ukufudumala kwezwe igxile ekwenyukeni okuqhubekayo kwezinga lokushisa elimaphakathi lomhlaba.

Ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa eMhlabeni kuwumphumela wokuqongelela amagesi abamba ukushisa emkhathini, into ethathwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Le nkinga ithathe a ukubaluleka okubalulekile Namuhla, njengoba izinga lokushisa elivamile leplanethi liye lenyuka ngaphezu Ama-1.1 degrees kusukela ekuqaleni kwenguquko yezimboni ngekhulu le-19. Ngokwezifundo zesayensi, phakathi nekhulu lama-21, izinga lokushisa lingakhuphuka phakathi 1.1 no 6.4 degrees, okuthusayo.

Imiphumela yalokhu iguqulela esimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu esibonakala emhlabeni wonke. Ezifundeni eziningi, imvula inyuke kakhulu, idale izikhukhula ezibhubhisayo, kanti ezinye izingxenye zomhlaba isomiso esibi kakhulu. Lokhu kuhluka kwesimo sezulu kubangela amagagasi okushisa ayanda njalo phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo, okuholela ekwandeni kokufa kanye nenani lokusha kwehlathi.

Umehluko phakathi kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu nokufudumala komhlaba

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu yigama elibanzi elingahlanganisi ukufudumala kwembulunga kuphela kodwa nezinhlobonhlobo zezinguquko zesimo sezulu soMhlaba ezithinta izinhlelo ezahlukene. I incazelo yesayensi Iveza ukuthi ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuhlanganisa izenzakalo ezinjengokukhuphuka kwamazinga olwandle, ukuncipha kwezinguzunga zeqhwa nokuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa, kanye noshintsho ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

I-Los amagesi abamba ukushisa, okuyizona ezibhekene nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke, zihlanganisa i-carbon dioxide (CO2), i-methane (CH4), i-nitrous oxide (N2O) namanye amagesi ezimboni. Lamagesi asebenza njengengubo ezungeze uMhlaba, avale ukushisa emkhathini futhi enze kube nzima ukuthi ahlakazeke emkhathini. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yezimboni, imisebenzi yabantu, njenge ukushiswa kwamafutha ezimbiwa phansi futhi ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kuye kwakhipha amanani amakhulu alezi zinto eziyingozi.

Umthelela wokuguquka kwesimo sezulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kunemithelela eminingi ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Njengoba amazinga okushisa eqhubeka nokukhuphuka, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ziphoqeleka ukuba zikhuphuke balungise izindawo zabo zokuhlala noma uthuthele ezindaweni ezintsha ukuze uphile. Lokhu kufuduka kungase kubangele a ukulahleka kwemvelo lapho izinhlobo zezilwane zingakwazi ukuthola indawo efanelekile yokuhlala. Lesi simo kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke futhi sigqame kakhulu esikhathini esizayo.

Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokusetshenziswa komhlaba nakho kunomthelela enkingeni yesimo sezulu. Selokhu kwaqala le mikhuba yabantu, amandla eplanethi okumunca i-CO2 ehle kakhulu. Eqinisweni, kulinganiselwa ukuthi kulahleka izigidi zamahektha amahlathi unyaka ngamunye, okubhebhethekisa ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke. Ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala akuthinti kuphela izitshalo nezilwane, kodwa futhi kuye kwaba njalo imithelela emikhulu emiphakathini yabantu encike kulezi zindawo zemvelo ukuze baziphilise.

Imiphumela yokushisa komhlaba

Imiphumela yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke ihlanganisa ukwanda kwemvamisa nokushuba kwezehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, njengeziphepho, iziphepho, isomiso, nezikhukhula. Ngaphezu kokudala izimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu, ukufudumala komhlaba kunemiphumela eminingi engaqondile empilweni yomphakathi, ukuphepha kokudla, nokuzinza kwezomnotho.

Isibonelo, i ukungabi namanzi nokukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa kunganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo, kubangele indlala kwezinye izifunda. Ukukhuphuka kwamazinga olwandle nakho kungakhukhula izindawo ezisogwini, kususe yonke imiphakathi futhi kwandise nenani ababaleki bezulu.

Izifo nazo zithintwa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kubonakale kwenza kube lula ukubhebhetheka kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ezinjengodenga, umalaleveva nekholera, ezibhebhezelwa yisimo sezulu esingajwayelekile.

Izenzo ezidingekayo ukunciphisa le miphumela

Ukuze silwe nokushisa komhlaba nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kubalulekile ukuthi sithathe izinyathelo ezifanele nezisebenzayo. Izenzo ezilandelayo zibalulekile ukuze kwehliswe imiphumela yako:

• Ukwamukelwa kwamandla avuselelekayo: Kuthiwani uma siqala ukufaka amafutha ahlanzekile esikhundleni samafutha elanga nomoya? Lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa.
• Ukutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi: Ukuvikela amahlathi akhona kanye nokutshala izihlahla ezintsha kubalulekile ukuze kubuyiselwe ibhalansi ye-CO2 emkhathini.
• Imfundo nokuqwashisa: Imfundo yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu ibalulekile ukuze abantu baqonde ubukhulu benkinga neqhaza labo esixazululweni.
• Izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni: Izizwe kumele zisebenzisane ukuthuthukisa nokusebenzisa izinqubomgomo ezibhekana nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu futhi zikhuthaze ukusimama.

Izinhlelo zokutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi, ikakhulukazi, ziyisu elithembisayo ekulweni nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ukutshala izihlahla akugcini nje ngokumunca i-CO2, kodwa futhi kusekela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo futhi kuyasiza lawula umjikelezo wamanzi. Ukuhlanganyela komphakathi ezinhlelweni zokutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi kuyakhula futhi kumelela indlela indlela esebenzayo yokubandakanya abantu ekulweni nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.

Isici esibalulekile sokuguquka kwesimo sezulu ukuthi akuyona nje inkinga yemvelo; Iphinde ibe nemithelela ejulile kwezenhlalo, ezomnotho kanye nezepolitiki okufanele sibhekane nayo. Inkinga yesimo sezulu iyinselelo edinga umzamo ohlangene phakathi kohulumeni, amabhizinisi kanye nezakhamuzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikusasa elisimeme. esimeme ezizukulwaneni ezilandelayo.