Uma sikhuluma ngendawo yeqhwa, sihlaziya ezinye zezingxenye zayo ezisisiza siqonde ukuguquguquka kwayo nokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Njengoba sazi, i izinguzunga zeqhwa izindawo ezinezintaba kanye ne-geomorphologies okuthakasela ukutholakala. Enye yezinto ezakha eduze kwezinguzunga zeqhwa yi msobe. Kuyinto uhla lwezintaba zezinto zeqhwa ezingabekiwe. AmaMoraines ahlukaniswa ngokobudlelwano bawo neqhwa.
Kulesi sihloko, sizojula ngama-moraines: yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona, ukuthi zakha kanjani, kanye nokubaluleka kwazo kumaqhwa. Uma ufuna ukwazi ezinye izici ezengeziwe, ungabheka ukwakheka kweqhwa bebonke
Yini ama-moraines
Into yokuqala okumele sicacelwe ngayo ukuthi iyini i-moraine. Kuyintaba encane eyakhiwe ngento esiyibiza ngokuthi yi-till. Lokhu kulima akuyona into engaphezu kwezinto ezenziwe ngamaqhwa futhi lokho akuhlukanisiwe. Okubalulekile kube kule ndawo isikhathi esifushane kuphela futhi akuzange kuhlungwe ngaphansi kwesisindo seqhwa nokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma sicabanga ukuthi amandla e-glacier asebenza kanjani, sizobona ukuthi kukhona ukuqoqwa kweqhwa njalo ngonyaka ngemva kwenkathi yasebusika. Ngemva kokukhithika kweqhwa, iqoqana ngenxa yomphumela wamandla adonsela phansi futhi ihambisane nezingqimba zeqhwa elawa futhi elingazange lincibilike kusukela eminyakeni edlule. Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okujulile kokuthi i-glacier yakha kanjani, sincoma ukuthi ufunde mayelana .
Ngale ndlela kusungulwa iphrofayili yokuwa kweqhwa. Uma sijula kakhulu, sizobe siphenya ngeminyaka edlule. Isethi yezendlalelo zeqhwa ibizwa ngokuthi yi-stratifications. Yebo, lapho zonke ezinye izinto zinqwabelene (ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso) kodwa ngaphandle kokuba zihlukaniswe, kubizwa ngokuthi yi-till.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-moraines kuya ngobudlelwano enabo neqhwa elikhona. Sizohlaziya izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-moraines:
- Ingemuva moraine. Luhlobo lwe-moraine olwakhiwa ngaphansi kweqhwa leqhwa. Le nqwaba yokulima izoba embhedeni futhi izothinteka ukuncibilika kweqhwa nokugeleza kwamanzi ancibilikayo.
- I-moraine yesikhashana. Yilapho izinto zitholakala khona emaphethelweni ombhede weqhwa. Ezinhlangothini zamashidi eqhwa ungabona zonke izinto ezakha le moraine.
- I-moraine emaphakathi. Lapho ama-moraines asemaceleni efinyelela ebangeni elikhulu kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi ahlangane enkabeni yesigodi lapho izinguzunga zeqhwa ezimbili zihlangana khona. Le nyunyana ibizwa ngokuthi yi-moraine emaphakathi.
- I-moraine yesikhumulo. Akhiwa ama-glacier debris deposits. Imvamisa zitholakala ekugcineni kweqhwa futhi kungumphumela wokuthuthwa kwalezi zinto nomphumela wamandla adonsela phansi.
- I-ablation moraine. Yilezo ezibekwe embhedeni wenguzunga yeqhwa.
Izici eziyinhloko
Izici zama-moraines zifingqwa kokuqukethwe kwezingqimba zeqhwa ezishintshashintshayo kanye nezinto ezifana nezingcezu zamatshe ezihlelwe kulo lonke ubude beqhwa. Iqhwa lidonsa izinto zenhlabathi ngenxa yesisindo salo kanye nokubanda kwalo okuqhubekayo kwaminyaka yonke nokuncibilika. Ngakho-ke, impumuzo iguqulwa phakathi neminyaka kuze kube yilapho izigodi zeqhwa nezinye izinhlobo. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalezi zigodi, ngikumema ukuthi ubheke .
Amatshe we-ablation moraines nawo aletha izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinto ezitholakala embhedeni weqhwa. Enye into ebizwa nangokuthi i-moraine yisidumbu esixazululwa yiqhwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngemuva kwalo lonke uhambo oluthathe ezindaweni eziphakeme, inguzunga yeqhwa ihudula zonke izinto ezitholakale endleleni.
Kuze kube namandla
Esikubiza ngokuthi ukulima kunqwabelana kwezidalwa okuvela eqhweni nasemandleni alo. Bangabizwa nangokuthi ukudonsa noma ukuhudula kweqhwa lapho kwakhiwa amaqembu ahluke ngokuphelele akhiqizwa eqhweni. I-till iyisiqeshana se-glacial drift esibekwe endleleni.
Lezi zici zisho ukuthi ukwakheka kwethiyela akufani ngaso sonke isikhathi. Singathola izingxube zobumba, amatshe amatshe, amatshe nesihlabathi. Ubumba emathilini lunesimo esiyindilinga ngemva kokunyakaza nokunqwabelana okulandelayo. Abizwa ngokuthi ama-till balls. Lawa mabhola agingqa eduze kombhede womfudlana futhi angengeza amatshe ekubunjweni kwawo. Lokhu okwenziwayo wukugcina umzila wonke umbozwe ngamatshe. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezigigaba ezifana nalezi, ungabheka isihloko esithi iqhwa.
Lawa amabhola we-till avame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-armored kuze kube amabhola ngoba anamadwala amaningi. Konke lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi yi-till kufakwa ekugcineni kwe-moraine, ezinhlangothini, phakathi nasesisekelweni. Njengoba isikhathi sokuncibilika sifika futhi inguzunga yeqhwa iqala ukuncibilika, uquqaba lwe-till luhudula lubeke kuma-sandurs emifula aqhamuka eqhweni. Lokhu kuphawuleka kakhulu uma kuyinguzunga yeqhwa yezwekazi eqala ukuncibilika. AmaTill angaphinde athwale amadiphozithi athile aqukethe amaminerali noma amatshe ayigugu. Lezi zinto ziqoqwa kulo lonke uhambo lwenguzunga yeqhwa futhi zithole inani elikhulu lezomnotho ngokuba okuthile okuhlukile. Isibonelo, kwenzeka ngamadayimane eWisconsin, e-Indiana naseCanada.
Ochwepheshe abafuna lezi zimbiwa bagxila ekulandeleni imikhondo eshiywe amathila futhi bayisebenzise njengenkomba ukuze bathole ukuthi i-glacier ihambe ngakuphi lapho wehla entabeni. Phakathi kwamadiphozithi afunwa kakhulu kukhona amadiphozithi e-kimberlite, okungamadiphozithi lapho ungathola khona amadayimane amaningi noma izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaminerali. Ulwazi olwengeziwe ngalesi sihloko lungatholakala esihlokweni esithi izinguzunga zeqhwa zase-Himalayas.
Kunezimo eziningana lapho ungathola khona ukuqina okuqinile noma okushisiwe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba bangcwatshwe futhi, ngokucindezela kwezingqimba ezingenhla sekuyidwala. Lolu hlobo lwedwala lwaziwa njenge-tillite futhi luwuhlobo lwedwala lentengayo.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngama-moraines nama-till.
