Izishingishane Ezibhubhisa Kakhulu Emlandweni: Umlando Nemiphumela

I-Los i-tornados Ngokungangabazeki, zingenye yezinto ezinamandla kakhulu futhi ezibhubhisayo ze-meteorological ezingase zenzeke emhlabeni wethu. Ukusuka emkhathini, uMhlaba ungase ubonakale uzolile, kodwa phezu kwawo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezithile njenge-United States, kwenzeka izenzakalo zesimo sezulu ezibhubhisayo. Izishingishane, okungamakholomu amakhulu omoya azungeza ngesivinini esikhulu, anamandla okubangela umonakalo omkhulu futhi ukulahlekelwa kwabantu. Kulesi sihloko, sizogxila kukho izishingishane ezibhubhisa kakhulu emlandweni nemiphumela yako emibi.

INyakatho Melika, futhi ikakhulukazi i-United States, inomlando ophawulekayo weziphepho ezibhubhisayo. Ngezansi ezinye zezishingishane ezibhubhisa kakhulu emlandweni:

• I-Tornado ReginaNgo-1912, inkanyamba yahlasela idolobha laseSaskatchewan, eCanada. Kwathatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemithathu, kodwa kwabangela ukufa kwabantu abangu-30 futhi yacekela phansi izinkulungwane zemizi.
• I-Tri-State TornadoNgoMashi 18, 1925, kwaqhamuka inkanyamba ye-EF5 eMissouri futhi yadlula e-Illinois nase-Indiana. Lesi sishingishane sibangele ukufa kwabantu abangu-695 futhi ibhekwa njengenye yezibulala kakhulu emlandweni.
• Talladega TornadoNgo-1932, inkanyamba yeSigaba 4 kwakheka eTalladega County, Alabama, futhi yabangela ukufa kwabantu abangu-100, ngaphezu kokucekela phansi ingxenye enkulu yesifunda.
• Iziphepho zase-OklahomaNgoMeyi 3, 1999, ingqikithi yeziphepho ezingama-76 zahlasela e-Oklahoma, esinye sazo i-EF5, eyaqala. umuzi kabili futhi kwashiya isibalo sabashonile abangama-44.
• Isiphepho saseJoplinNgoMeyi 22, 2011, lesi sishingishane sabhubhisa U-20% wedolobha laseJoplin, eMissouri, okubangele ukufa kwabantu abangu-160 kanye nomonakalo omkhulu wempahla. Bekungenye yezinto ezicekela phansi kakhulu emlandweni wakamuva wase-United States.

Izivunguvungu yisimo sezulu esingase sibe yingozi enkulu. Nokho, kukhona labo abakhangwa yibo: yibo oxosha isivunguvungu, abathi ngezifundo zabo bafune ukuqonda kangcono lezi ziphepho. Lokhu kuholele ekwandeni kwentshisekelo kulo mkhuba, okuholele ekuqondeni kangcono ukuthi izishingishane zakha futhi ziziphatha kanjani.

Izimpawu kanye Nokuhlelwa Kwezinkanyamba

Izishingishane zihlukaniswa yi- Isikali seFujita, ehlola izinga lomonakalo odalwe. Lesi sikali sikala sisuka ku-EF0, esimele imimoya ecishe ibe ngu-65 kuya ku-180 km/h, iye ku-EF5, ehlanganisa imimoya eyeqayo. km 322 / h. Iziphepho ze-EF5 ziyakwazi ukumisa yonke imiphakathi, kubangele ukubhujiswa okukhulu. Lesi sikali sibalulekile kuma-meteorologists, njengoba sinikeza umbono wamandla okubhubhisa enkanyamba ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke.

Izishingishane aziyona nje into evamile e-United States. Nakuba ngokuyinhloko zihlotshaniswa naleli zwe, zikhona izifunda emhlabeni lapho zivame khona, njenge-Argentina ne-Bangladesh. Iziphepho e-Bangladesh ziye zaba nesibopho kwezinye zazo izinhlekelele ezimbi kakhulu yomlando, eqhathanisekayo ngisho ne izivunguvungu ezibhubhisa kakhulu.

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Izibonelo ze-Rip-Splitting Tornadoes

Ngaphezu kwezivunguvungu ezishiwo ngenhla, kunezinye izehlakalo eziyinhlekelele ezilotshwe kuwo wonke umlando okufanele zibalule:

• I-Tupelo Tornado: Lesi sishingishane, esenzeka ngo-April 5, 1936, sabangela ukufa kwabantu abangu-216 futhi yashiya abantu abangu-700 belimele edolobheni laseTupelo, eMississippi.
• Natchez Tornado: Lesi sishingishane senzeka ngoMeyi 6, 1840 futhi sidume kabi ngokuthatha izimpilo zabantu abangu-317, abaningi babo eMfuleni iMississippi.
• I-Saint Louis Tornado: Kwenzeka ngoMeyi 27, 1896, okubangela ukufa kwabantu abangu-225 futhi kushiye abayinkulungwane belimele. Lesi sishingishane sabonakala ngemimoya yaso ebhubhisa kakhulu.
• I-Daulatpur-Saturia Tornado: Lesi sishingishane, esenzeka ngo-April 26, 1989 eBangladesh, siyacatshangelwa inkanyamba eyabulala kakhulu emlandweni, okubangele ukufa kwabantu ababalelwa ku-1,300 futhi kwashiya abantu abangaphezu kuka-80,000 bengenamakhaya.
• I-El Reno TornadoNgo-May 2011, lesi sishingishane safinyelela ububanzi be 4.2 amakhilomitha kanye nemimoya engaphezu kuka-470 km/h, okuyenza ibe enye yezinkulu futhi ezibhubhisa kakhulu ezake zaqoshwa.

Ukwakhiwa kweTornado

La ukwakheka kwenkanyamba Kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa okuguquguqukayo okuningana komkhathi. Ngokuvamile zakheka esimweni sokuduma kwezulu okunamandla okwaziwa ngokuthi ama-supercell, lapho imisinga yomoya ofudumele, omanzi ishayisana nomoya obandayo, owomile. Lokhu kushayisana kubangela ukuthi umoya oshisayo ukhuphuke ngokushesha, okudala ukujikeleza okuqinile. Lapho lokhu kuzungeza kuba namandla ngokwanele, kwakheka inkanyamba, engadlulela yonke indlela eya phansi.

Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokulandelela inkanyamba kuthuthukise kakhulu ikhono lokubikezela lezi zenzakalo. Njengoba izazi zezulu zithola ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana ne amaphethini wesimo sezulu kanye nezimo zomoya, ukunemba kwezixwayiso nakho kuye kwanda, okusiza ukusindisa izimpilo, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni lapho izivunguvungu zivame kakhulu.

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Imiphumela ye-Tornadoes

Imiphumela yezishingishane ibuhlungu kakhulu. Abagcini nje ngokubangela i ukulahlekelwa ukuphila komuntu, kodwa futhi kucekele phansi imiphakathi futhi kubangele izindleko ezinkulu zomnotho. Ingqalasizinda eyonakele, njengemizi, izikole nezibhedlela, idinga iminyaka yomzamo nezinsiza ukwakha kabusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlekelele zemvelo ezifana neziphepho zinomphumela ohlala njalo empilweni yengqondo yezisulu kanye nokubumbana komphakathi kwemiphakathi ethintekile.

Ukulungiselela nokuqwashisa umphakathi yizici ezibalulekile ekwehliseni imiphumela yeziphepho. Imiphakathi esebenzisa izinhlelo zokusabela kanye nendawo yokukhosela eyanele ingakwazi vikela izakhamizi zayo yemiphumela elimazayo yalezi zenzakalo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda kungani zenzeka lezi zigigaba nokuthi imithelela yazo ingancishiswa kanjani.

Ilukuluku mayelana namaTornadoes

• Irekhodi lenkanyamba enkulu kunazo zonke emlandweni lenzeka e-El Reno, e-Oklahoma, lafinyelela ububanzi obucishe bulingane 4.2 amakhilomitha.
• Izishingishane zingenzeka kunoma yiliphi izwekazi, kodwa zivame kakhulu e-United States, ikakhulukazi esifundeni esaziwa ngokuthi I-Tornado Alley.
• Iziphepho azizona nje izenzakalo ezenzeka emhlabeni, zikhona futhi iziphethu zamanzi, okuyizishingishane ezakha phezu kwamanzi.
• Iziphepho zingashiya ngemuva a indlela yokubhujiswa ehluka kakhulu ngobude nobubanzi, kanti ezinye izishingishane zinemizila engaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayi-100.

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Lezi zenzakalo zemvelo zihlala ziyisihloko esifundwayo esihehayo nesabisayo. Njengoba isayensi ithuthuka, uphenyo luyaqhubeka lwezindlela ezingabikezela futhi zinciphise imiphumela yalezi zishingishane ezibhubhisayo, zifuna ukusindisa izimpilo nokunciphisa umonakalo wempahla. Yonke i-tornado erekhodiwe ayigcini nje ngokuxoxa indaba yomonakalo, kodwa futhi ukuqina kwabantu lapho bebhekene nobunzima. Imfundo nokuzilungiselela kungamathuluzi abalulekile okubhekana namandla angalawuleki emvelo ngendlela yenkanyamba.

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